Lecture 21

Question 1

Three primary functions of lymphatic system

Answer 1

1. Drains excess interstitial fluid
2. Transports dietary lipids
3. Carries out immune response

Question 2

Drains excess interstitial fluid

Answer 2

Drains ISF from tissue space and returns it to blood
Once ISF is in lymphatic it becomes lymph

Question 3

Transports dietary lipids

Answer 3

Transport lipids and lipid-soluble vit (ADEK) absorbed by gi tract

Question 4

Carries out immune response

Answer 4

Production, maintenance and distribution of lymphocytes (WBC, B&T cells)
Lymphocytes are WBC part of immune system

Question 5

Lymphatic system is a drainage system that

Answer 5

Removes excess fluid from body tissues and returns it to bloodstream

Question 6

Usually, blood plasma moves out of capillaries at the arterial end of capillary beds while

Answer 6

Tissue fluid containing wastes reabsorbs back in the venous end

Question 7

How much fluid is left in the tissues in stead of being drawn back to the bloostream

Answer 7

15% (would cause swelling if accumulated

Question 8

Lymphatic vessels begin as

Answer 8

Lymphatic capillaries (located in spaces bet cells, closed at one end)

Question 9

Why can lymphatic capillaries absorb proteins and lipids (large) when blood cannot

Answer 9

Bc have a greater permeability

Question 10

Lymphatic capillaries characteristics

Answer 10

1. Slightly larger in diameter than blood capillaries
2. Made of overlapping squamous epithelial cells that function as a one-way valve
3. This one way valve structure permits ISF flow into them but not out

Question 11

How and when does interstitial fluid enter lymphatic capillary

Answer 11

When pressure is greater in fluid than lymph, cells separate slightly like opening of one way door

Question 12

When P is greater inside lymphatic capillary than ISF,

Answer 12

Cells adhere more closely and close gaps so lymph cannot escape

Question 13

Bc gaps in lymphatic capillaries are big, they allow bacteria, WBC and others to enter, so

Answer 13

1. Lymphatic syst is useful for large particles to reach bloodstream
2. Used for dietary fat absorption in intestines

Question 14

Lymphatic capillaries unite to firm lymphatic vessels, and along those there are

Answer 14

Lymph nodes (contains B&T cells)

Question 15

Lymph nodes act to

Answer 15

Filter foreign particles from blood, playing an important role in immune response to infection

Question 16

Majority of lymph nodes located within

Answer 16

Abdomen

Question 17

B & T cells exposed to fluid as it passes through nodes so

Answer 17

Can mount immune response if detect pathogen

Question 18

What in the nodes filter foreign particles out of fluid, engulfing pathogens to destroy them?

Answer 18

Macrophages

Question 19

Sequence of fluid flow is

Answer 19

1. Blood capillaries
2. Interstitial fluid
3. Lymphatic capillaries
4. Lymphatic vessels
5. Lymph nodes
6. Lymphatic duct
7. Junction and into veins (blood)

Question 20

Interconnection between lymphatic and cardio

Answer 20

Lymph goes through vessels and nodes and then enters drainage points into veins just above heart

Question 21

Primary lymphatic organs

Answer 21

Red bone marrow
Thymus

Question 22

Stem cells in red bone marrow give rise to

Answer 22

Mature, immunocompetent B cells and pre-T cells

Question 23

Where do pre T cells go to become immunocompetent

Answer 23

Thymus

Question 24

Secondary lymphatic organs and tissues (where most immune response occur)

Answer 24

Lymph nodes, spleen, lymphatic nodules (include tonsils)

Question 25

Tonsils are strategically positioned to

Answer 25

Participate in immune response against inhaled or ingested foreign substances

Question 26

What is the largest single mass of lymphatic tissue in the body

Answer 26

Spleen

Question 27

B T cells in spleen function

Answer 27

Immune functions like in nodes

Question 28

Spleen macrophages function

Answer 28

Destroy blood borne pathogens by phagocytosis

Question 29

Risk for patients without a spleen

Answer 29

Risk for sepsis (blood infection) due to loss of filtering and phagocytic functions of the spleen

Question 30

How to reduce risk of sepsis

Answer 30

Pts who have undergone splenectomy take preventive antibiotics before any invasive procedures