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biology > lecture 19 > Flashcards

lecture 19 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

What is a Locus?

A

a specific place along the length of the chromosome where a given gene is located

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2
Q

Are homologous chromosomes identical?

A

no but similar

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3
Q

Are sister chromatids identical?

A

Yes

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4
Q

What year did gregor mendel live?

A

1822-1884

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5
Q

What were the great work of Gregor Mendel?

A

mendels pea experiments
the law of segregation
a testcross
the law of independent and dependent assortment

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6
Q

Which of the following words were not around in mendels lifetime? genetics, chromosomes, mitosis/meiosis, DNA

A

all

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7
Q

Where did mendel live?

A

czech repubic/czechia

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8
Q

Where did mendel go to school?

A

university of vienna, austria

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9
Q

Who influenced mendel in his early days?

A

Christian Doppler (physics), Franz Unger botany

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10
Q

How many plants, flowers, and peas did mendel study in his experiments?

A

10,000 Plants
40,000 Flowers
300,000 Peas

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11
Q

What was mendels first experiment?

A

law of segregation with purple and white flowers

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12
Q

What was segregates in mendels experiment of flowers?

A

alleles, the two separate into two kinds of gametes

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13
Q

What did shane campbell staton do?

A

in 2017 he showed adaptive changes to cold tolerance genes in Texas lizards (cold tolerance alleles)
urban lizards in puerto rico can tolerate high temperatures through genetic changes that increase transcription of specific genes like RARS1 (heat tolerance alleles)
host of PBS series “Human Footprint 2023”

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14
Q

What would the phenotype of the fowers be?

A

purple or white 3:1

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15
Q

What is homozygous?

A

pp or PP

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16
Q

What is heterozygous?

A

Pp

17
Q

what is an allele

A

the alternative form or versions of a gene. People inherit one allele for each autosomal gene from each parent

18
Q

What is a testcross?

A

a genetic cross between a homozygous recessive individual and a corresponding suspected heterozygote to determine the genotype

19
Q

What was the law of independent assortment?

A

during a dihybrid cross (crossing of two pairs of traits), alleles at one locus are independent of alleles at the other loci

20
Q

What is the law of dependent assortment?

A

2 Loci Right Next to Each Other on the same Chromosome
predicts that the inheritance of physical characteristics are linked during gamete formation

biology (28 decks)

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