Lecture 17- Nicotine (pt. 1)

Question 1

Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease

Answer 1

• relationship between smoking and heart disease as there are a variety of effects from smoking that make the heart work harder
• might be because you are not getting in just oxygen but other harmful gasses into lungs
• includes artherosclerosis and thrombosis

Question 2

What is artherosclerosis

Answer 2

narrowing and hardening of blood vessels

Question 3

what is thrombosis

Answer 3

clotting

Question 4

Cardiovascular lung disease

Answer 4

• heart attack
• arteriosclerosis
• high blood pressure
• kills more than lung cancer, caused by CO and nicotine

Question 5

Second hand smoke

Answer 5

• very high rates of cancer and cardiovascular disease due to exposure to smoke and nicotine
• smoke is just as toxic being inhaled for the second, third time as the first

Question 6

Electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS)

Answer 6

• contain toxic chemicals likepropylene glycol and flavorants
• metal coil can flake off metal particles that can cause damage to lungs
• contains nicotine so still highly addictive
• nicotine levels vary significantly between 3 and 36 mg (FDA regulated starting in 2016
• new gateway?

Question 7

nicotine levels regulation

Answer 7

• nicotine levels were not federally regulated until 2016 and contained up to 36 mg of nicotine, now it is just required for the amount to be put on the packaging

nic levels vary from3-36 mg significant!

Question 8

E Cig Study

Answer 8

• e-cig w no nicotine performed the worse
• so the nicotine is not the issue

Question 9

What 2 factors can contribute to a smoker seeking treatment?

Answer 9

• intrinsic motivation- fear of getting sick
• extrinsic motivation- being forced or nagged to quit

• regardless, very difficult due to withdrawal symptoms, stress, social pressure, alc/drug use, and weight gain

Question 10

Treatments for smokers

Answer 10

• brief inerventions
• nicotine replacement
• medications
• CBT
• harm reduction
• nicotine vaccine

Question 11

What are the physician’s 4 As?

Answer 11

• Ask
• Advise
• Assist
• Arrange

Question 12

Nicotine replacement therapy

Answer 12

• patches, gum, nassal, spray, lozenges
• efficacy vs. effectiveness: works for some but not all

Question 13

Medications- treatment

Answer 13

• alleviate withdrawal symptoms
• Bupropion (Wellbutrin, Zyban): inhibits dopamine re-uptake
• Berenciline (Chantix): partial nicotine agonist that reduces cravings

Question 14

CBT treatment

Answer 14

• forever free
• may reduce tobacco/nicotine’s rewarding effect

Question 15

Harm reduction w treatment

Answer 15

rather than zero-tolerance motto, may be better at convincing people to reduce

Question 16

Vaccine treatment for Smokers

Answer 16

• Nicotine Vaccine
• TA-NIC or NicVAX
• Creates antibodies and block nicotine from crossing the blood brain barrier
• makes smoking less pleasurable
• 2006: FDA granted Fast Track cStatus to NicVAX