Fetal Alc Exposure Flashcards
What is the most prevalent drinking pattern during pregnancy?
only during first month
What is the second most prevalent drinking pattern during pregnancy?
drinking throughout pregnancy (typically due to SUD)
What is the third most prevalent drinking patterns prevalence?
starting to drink during 3rd trimester (often due to psychological stress or Dr. unknowingly saying its okay)
What is the iceberg idea with FASD?
As amount x frequency decreases, you move from directly observable issues (FAS/pFAS), to unseen functional damage (ARND)
How many people out of 1000 have FAS/pFAS?
1-7:1000
How many people out of 100 have ARND?
1-5:100
What are the 4 different fetal alcohol spectrum disorders?
- FAS- fetal alcohol syndrome
- pFAS- partial fetal alcohol syndrome
- ARBD- alcohol related birth defects
- ARND- alcohol related neurodevelopmental disorder
umbrella disorders!
When was FAS termed and by who?
1973 by Kenneth Jones and Ann Streissguth
When was FASD termed?
2004
What is the US monetary burden of FASD?
$4B/year
What is the prevalence of FASD as a whole?
1-5% although likely underestimate
DSM and FASD
- Called Neurobehavioral Disorder Associated with Prenatal Alcohol Exposure
- In DSM-V (2013)
What are the three signs of FAS?
- Facial abnormalities
- Growth Retardation
- Brain Alterations
What are the facial characteristics of FAS?
- thin upper lip
- smooth philtrum
- small head
- underdeveloped jaw
- flat midface
- short eyelid opening
- short nose
- epicanthal folds
- low nasal bridge
What are neural crest cells?
Cells in communication with the developing brain that give rise to a lot of tissue in the body
