Lecture 17: Equine Castration

Question 1

What is main reason to castrate

Answer 1

1. prevent or eliminate aggressive male behavior
2. Prevent breeding of mares

Question 2

High flanker cryptorchid where is testicle

Answer 2

somewhere between abdomen and scrotum

Question 3

unilateral cryptorchids are usually accessible __

Answer 3

inguinally

Question 4

if you can not find cryptorchid testicle inguinally what is next step

Answer 4

laparoscopy

Question 5

If cryptorchid do not mistake __ for testicle and remove just that

Answer 5

epididymis

Question 6

t or f: rectal exam for cryptorchidism is valuable diagnostic

Answer 6

false- reveals nothing

Question 7

What blood tests can you do to dx cryptorchidism

Answer 7

1. Anti-mullerian hormone- single sample
2. Human chorionic gonadotropin stimulation- collect serum before, 30 mins-2 days after IV administration of hcG

Question 8

what is considered positive and negative hCG test for cryptorchidism

Answer 8

positive testosterone level >100pg/ml
Negative <40 pg/ml

Question 9

what kind of emasculators are these and how do they

Answer 9

reimers- crush and cut separately

Question 10

what kind of emasculators are these and how do they work

Answer 10

Serra- crush and cut simultaneously

Question 11

closed equine castration is absolutely __ not for the field

Answer 11

aseptic procedure

Question 12

if doing closed castration must obliterate __ or will make huge seroma

Answer 12

dead space

Question 13

Where do you make incision for castration

Answer 13

1cm abaxial to median raphe, both sides

Question 14

what going on here and is it a closed or open castration

Answer 14

cremaster and cord emasculated separately- becomes open castration because tunic gone

Question 15

appropriate way to position emasculators on cords is

Answer 15

nut to nut

Question 16

what is post-op management for castration

Answer 16

1. Confine to clean stall for 12-24hrs- observe for hemorrhage and evisceration
2. Forced exercise 15-30 minutes twice daily to control swelling
3. Antibiotics and NSAIDs

Question 17

what is the most common intraoperative and immediate post-op complication

Answer 17

hemorrhage

Question 18

if can’t find source of hemorrhage/bleeding standing what do you do

Answer 18

1. Reanesthetize
2. Inspect and re-ligate cords if bleeding
3. Ligate any other areas
4. Pack with gauze if bleeding

If can’T find- refer

Question 19

infection post-op is not common with adequate __

Answer 19

drainage

Question 20

what can cause infection post-op

Answer 20

leaving too much cord behind

Question 21

what is a scirrhous cord and what is cause

Answer 21

infected stump- left too much cord, not enough drainage

Question 22

what wrong

Answer 22

scirrhous cord

Question 23

evisceration is common in what breeds and what should you do to prevent

Answer 23

standardbred, warm bloods
Double ligate the cord

Question 24

what is a hydrocele

Answer 24

fluid pocket

Question 25

retained “stallion like” behavior or cut proud is typically due to what

Answer 25

left epididymis tissue- not enough duct removed

Question 26

if you have cryptorchid what is first testicle you remove

Answer 26

retained testicle first- if can’t get then do not remove descended testicle