Lecture 15 - Respiratory

Question 1

Conducting portion

Answer 1

nasal cavities, pharynx, larynx, trachae, bronchi, bronchioles, terminal bronchioles

Question 2

Respiratory portion

Answer 2

respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts, and alveoli

Question 3

Nasal conchae

Answer 3

3 long, narrow, curled shelfs of bone (inferior, medial, and superior) that protrude into the breathing passage of the nose.

Question 4

Swell bodies

Answer 4

venus plexuses in the lamina propria of the conchae that help warm the inspired air.

Question 5

Histologic composition of the nasal cavity

Answer 5

respiratory epithelium, olfactory epithelium

Question 6

Histologic composition of the pharynx

Answer 6

respiratory epithelium

Question 7

Histologic composition of the larynx

Answer 7

true vocal cords (stratified squamos non-keratinized epithelium); false vocal cords (respiratory), hyaline cartilage

Question 8

Histologic composition of the trachae

Answer 8

respiratory epithelium, C - shaped rings of hyaline cartilage, seromucous glands

Question 9

Histologic composition of the bronchi

Answer 9

respiratory epithelium, isolated plates of hyaline cartilage, seromucous glands

Question 10

Histologic composition of the bronchioles

Answer 10

simple cuboidal to columnar ciliated epithelium, few clara cells

Question 11

Histologic composition of the terminal bronchiole

Answer 11

simple cuboidal ciliated epithelium, many clara cells

Question 12

Histologic composition of the respiratory bronchioles

Answer 12

simple cuboidal ciliated epithelium, some clara cells, some sac like alveoli

Question 13

Histologic composition of the alveolar duct

Answer 13

squamous cells with openings to alveolar sacs

Question 14

Histologic composition of the alveoli

Answer 14

alveolar sacs lined by type I and type II pneumocytes

Question 15

respiratory epithelium

Answer 15

pseudostratified columnar ciliated. starts in the nasal cavity and goes to bronchi

Question 16

Where are hyaline cartilage and seromucous glands found?

Answer 16

Larynx, trachea, and bronchi.

Question 17

Goblet cells

Answer 17

secrete mucus. stain clear. Found in respiratory epithelium. also seen in GI.

Question 18

Brush cells

Answer 18

shorter microvilli. chemosensory receptor cels with synaptic contact to afferent nerve endings

Question 19

Olfactory epithelium

Answer 19

pseudostratified columnar. Also support cells. Sensory cell is an olfactory receptor cell with an axon, cell body, dendrite, and olfactory hairs (non-motile cilia).

Question 20

Bowman’s glands

Answer 20

pass into the submucosa and lamina propria. serous secreting. In olfactory epithelium

Question 21

Filia olfactoria

Answer 21

bundles of unmyelinated axons (nerves) in the lamina propria.

Question 22

3 layers of olfactory epithelium cells

Answer 22

upper layer is the support cells, middle layer is the olfactory nuclei, and the bottom layer is the basal cells

Question 23

False vocal chord

Answer 23

lined by respiratory epithelium. seromucous glands

Question 24

True vocal chord

Answer 24

stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium with vocalis muscle. seromucous glands.

Question 25

Cartilage in trachae

Answer 25

C shaped with smooth muscle connecting the two ends.

Question 26

Lung’s 2 layers

Answer 26

outer parietal layer, inner visceral layer with a pleural cavity in between

Question 27

Clara cells

Answer 27

secrete components of surfactant, play a role in detox, and secrete antimicrobial peptides. Lots seen in the terminal bronchiole

Question 28

Type I pneumocyte

Answer 28

squamous cell type. responsible for gas exchange

Question 29

Type II pneumocyte

Answer 29

cuboidal cell type and secretes surfactant which prevents collapse and easier inflation

Question 30

Oxygen has to pass through what to get to the capillary

Answer 30

from alveolar lumen, type I pneumocyte, fused basal lamina, and endothelial cell before entering into the lumen of the capillary