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Human Neuroscience > Lecture 12: Trigeminal System > Flashcards

Lecture 12: Trigeminal System Flashcards

1
Q

Where is the apparent origin of the trigeminal nerve? where is the real sensory origin? real motor origin?

A

Apparent: Pons, as a small motor root and large sensory root

Real Sensory: Trigeminal Ganglion
Real Motor: Motor nucleus of trigeminal nerve

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2
Q

The central fibers of the trigeminal ganglion (sensory) project to which three structures?

A
  1. Spinal trigeminal nucleus + tract (medulla)
  2. Chief (main/principal) sensory nucleus (pons)
  3. Mesencephalic nucleus + tract
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3
Q

____ nerve is responsible for transmission of general somatic sensibility (vibration, touch, conscious, and unconscious proprioceptive, pain, and temperature sensations of the greater part of the head and motor innervation of muscles of mastication

A

Trigeminal Nerve

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4
Q

True or False: The Trigeminal nerve is involves in general sensations of face, oral/nasal cavities, dura mater, and proprioception for associated muscles

A

True

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5
Q

True or False: The sensory portion of the Trigeminal Nerve functions like the dorsal columns, LAS, and spinocerebellar tracts for rest of the body

A

True

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6
Q

___ nuclei form an almost continuous column of cells from cervical spinal cord to midbrain
A. Two
B. Three
C. Six
D. Four

A

B. Three

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7
Q
A
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8
Q

Where is the spinal trigeminal nucleus and spinal trigeminal tract located?
A. thalamus
B. medial tegmentum of medulla and rostral pons
C. lateral tegmentum of medulla and caudal pons

A

C. lateral tegmentum of medulla and caudal pons

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9
Q

The spinal trigeminal nucleus is considered to be the rostral continuation of the ____ of the dorsal horn while the tract is considered to be the rostral continuation of ____ tract
A. Lissauer’s tract; substantia gelatinosa
B. FG; FC
C. Nucleus of Lissauer; substantia gelatinosa
D. substantia gelatinosa; Lissauer’s tract

A

D. substantia gelatinosa; Lissauer’s tract

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10
Q

The spinal trigeminal nucleus and spinal trigeminal tract is concerned with pain, temperature, and crude touch information from the head, making it functionally analogous to the ____
A. DC-ML
B. ALS
C. Spinocerebellar system

A

B. ALS

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11
Q

Where are the chief (main/principal) sensory nucleus of the Trigeminal Nerve located?
A. Lateral Tegmentum of medulla and caudal pons
B. Dorsolateral Pontine Tegmentum (midpontine level)

A

B. Dorsolateral Pontine Tegmentum (midpontine level)

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12
Q

True or False: The Chief (Main/Principal) Sensory Nucleus of the Trigeminal Nerve is concerned with: fine touch, two point discrimination, vibratory, and conscious proprioception information from the head, making it functionally analagous to the ALS

A

False - chief sensory nucleus of CN 5 is functionally analogous to the DC-ML

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13
Q

Where is the mesencephalic nucleus of CN 5 located?
A. Lateral Tegmentum of medulla and caudal pons
B. Dorsolateral Pontine Tegmentum (midpontine level)
C. Rostral pons and caudal medulla (adjacent to PAG)

A

C. Rostral pons and caudal medulla (adjacent to PAG)

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14
Q

True or False: The mesencephalic nucleus represents primary sensory ganglia (like DRG) that have become incorporated into the CNS during the development of the brainstem

A

True

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15
Q

Which of the following are concerned with UNCONSCIOUS PROPRIOCEPTION information from the head and is functionally ANALAGOUS to the SPINOCEREBELLAR SYSTEM?
A. Special Visceral Efferent
B. Chief (main/principal) Sensory Nucleus
C. Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus
D. Spinal Trigeminal Tract
E. Mesencephalic Nucleus

A

E. Mesencephalic Nucleus

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16
Q

_____: Important role in motor innervation of muscles of mastication
A. Special Visceral Efferent
B. Chief (main/principal) Sensory Nucleus
C. Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus
D. Spinal Trigeminal Tract
E. Mesencephalic Nucleus

A

A. Special Visceral Efferent

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17
Q

Where is the motor nucleus of the trigeminal nerve found?
A. VPL
B. DRG
C. Dorsolateral pontine tegmentum (mid-pontine)

A

C. Dorsolateral pontine tegmentum (mid-pontine)

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18
Q

True or False: The sensory root (portio major) of the trigeminal nerve corresponds to V1, V2, and V3

A

true

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19
Q

True or False: The Trigeminal Nerve has overlapping dermatomes

A

False - no overlapping dermatomes

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20
Q

The trigeminal ganglion are similar to the ___ of the ___ nervous system
A. DRG; peripheral nervous system
B. VRG; central nervous system

A

A. DRG; peripheral nervous system

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21
Q

True or False: The trigeminal ganglion contains neuronal cell bodies of the motor neurons of the trigeminal nerve

A

False - contains neuronal cell bodies of sensory neurons of trigeminal nerve

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22
Q

The motor root (portio major) of the trigeminal nerve contains fibers that are only found in the __ division
A. V1 (opthalmic)
B. V2 (maxillary)
C. V3 (mandibular)

A

C. V3 (mandibular)

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23
Q

The sensory component of the central distribution of the trigeminal nerve enters the brainstem at the ___, passed through the middle ____ _____

A

mid-pontine; middle cerebellar peduncle

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24
Q

The primary afferent axons will enter either the ____ or descend along lateral margin of brainstem to enter _____ nucleus

A

chief sensory nucleus; spinal trigeminal

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25
Q

True or False: Chief Sensory Nucleus (Chief Sensory V) while Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus (Spinal VV)

A

False - Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus (Spinal V)

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26
Q

____ receives large afferent inputs concerned with fine touch, vibratory and conscious proprioception info from the head (via all three divisions)

A

Chief Sensory Nucleus

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27
Q

True or False: Primary afferents of the Chief Sensory Nucleus synapse on neurons in the nucleus

A

True

28
Q

Which of the following receive small caliber afferents concerned with pain, temp, crude touch info from head (via all three peripheral divisions)?
A. Chief Sensory Nucleus
B. Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus

A

B. Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus

29
Q

Incoming afferents descend through brainstem lateral to spinal trigeminal nucleus as the spinal tract of the trigeminal nerve (____)
A. Spinal VI
B. Spinal III
C. Spinal V

A

C. Spinal V

30
Q

True or False: Other primary afferents enter through sensory root and ascend to midbrain - these afferents constitute mesencephalic tract of CN V and are the peroipheral processes of neurons in the mesencephalic nucleus of the trigeminal nerve, known as ____

A

Mesencephalic V

31
Q

Fibers may course through the DRG but they do not stop within DRG itself because?

A

Cell bodies located in mesencephalic nucleus

32
Q

Which nucleus represent misplaced ganglion cells that have become incorporated into the brainstem?

A

Mesencephalic nucleus

33
Q

Which nucleus is the only case of sensory neurons housed within the CNS and NOT in the peripheral sensory ganglia?

A

Mesencephalic nucleus

34
Q

The motor component of the trigeminal nerve has fibers that original from neurons in the motor trigeminal nucleus in the ___
A. thalamus
B. cerebellum
C. VPL
D. pons

A

D. pons

35
Q

How do fibers of the motor component of CN 5 exit the brainstem?
A. Pass through the middle cerebellar peduncle
B. Pass through superior cerebellar peduncle

A

A. Pass through the middle cerebellar peduncle

36
Q

The motor component (portio minor) of the trigeminal nerve will only travel in which division of the trigeminal nerve to innervate muscles of mastication and other muscles of head/neck?
A. V1
B. V2
C. V3

A

C. V3

37
Q

True or False: The motor trigeminal nucleus receives unilateral cortical inputs

A

False - bilateral

38
Q

Where do the fibers of the ventral trigeminothalamic tract originate?

A

Neurons in spinal trigeminal, chief sensory nuclei, and spinal trigeminal nucleus

39
Q

In the ventral trigeminothalamic tract (VTTT), fibers exit nucleus, decussate, and ascend up the brainstem. Fibers of the VTT that carry pain, and temp will ascend to the ___

A

thalamus (VPM)

40
Q

True or False: Axons carrying similar info tend to travel together in the brainstem

A

True

41
Q

True or False: The Ventral Trigeminothelamic Tract conveys ONLY slow pain and temperature information from one side of the face to the contralateral VPM nucleus of the thalamus

A

False - the ventral trigeminothelamic tract carries BOTH slow/fast pain and temperature from one side of the face to the contralateral VPM nucleus of the thalamus

42
Q

Where do VPM neurons of the ventral trigeminothalamic tract project to?

A

Primary sensory cortex in postcentral gyrus (Brodmann’s Area 3, 1, and 2)

43
Q

How is the VTTT (ventral trigeminothalamic tract) similar to the spinoreticulothalamic and spinotectal tracts of the ALS?

A

VTTT gives off collateral branches to the retricular formation and tectum for reflexes

44
Q

In the Trigeminal system, fibers originate from which three places?

A
  1. Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus and tract
  2. Chief Sensory Nucleus
  3. Mesencephalic Nucleus
45
Q

Fibers originating from Chief Sensory Nucleus exit nucleus decussate and ascend brainstem as part of the ___

A

VTTT

46
Q

Fibers of the VTTT that carry information from chief sensory nucleus will ascend to the ___ in close proximity to the medial lemniscus

A

thalamus (VPM)

47
Q

In fiber originating from spinal trigeminal nucleus and those originating from chief sensory nucleus, axons carrying similar info travel together in the brainstem

A

True

48
Q

True or False: The VTTT tract conveys 2 point discrimination, fine touch, vibration, + conscious proprioception info from one side of the face to c/l _____

A

VPM nucleus of the thalamus

49
Q

Where do VPM neurons project to?

A

Lateral aspects of primary sensory cortex in postcentral gyrus (Brodmann Area 3,1,2)

50
Q
A
51
Q
A
52
Q

Which of the branches of the Trigeminal Nerve carries both sensory and motor information?

A

V3

53
Q

True or False: The fibers carried only in V3 division of trigeminal are sensory and play a role in function of muscles of mastication

A

False - they are motor (SVE) ; they have a role in function of muscles of mastication

54
Q
A
55
Q

For unconscious proprioception from the face, ____ order neurons is located in the _____
A. 1st; DRG
B. 1st; VPN
C. 1st; Mesencephalic nucleus

A

C. 1st; Mesencephalic nucleus

56
Q

____ is the rostral continuation of the substantia gelantinosa
A. Mesencephalic Nucleus
B. Chief Sensory Nucleus
C. Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus

A

C. Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus

57
Q

Which of the following deals with tactile and conscious proprioception?
A. Mesencephalic Nucleus
B. Chief Sensory Nucleus
C. Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus

A

B. Chief Sensory Nucleus

58
Q

Which of the following deals with unconscious proprioception?
A. Mesencephalic Nucleus
B. Chief Sensory Nucleus
C. Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus

A

A. Mesencephalic Nucleus

59
Q

Which are more dorsal? medial?
A. spinal trigeminal tract; nucleus
B. nucleus; spinal trigeminal tract

A

A. spinal trigeminal tract; nucleus

60
Q

_____ is the continuation of the Lissauer’s Tract
A. Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus
B. Spinal Trigeminal Tract

A

B. Spinal Trigeminal Tract

61
Q
A
62
Q

____ receives conscious and tactile proprioception from face
A. Main sensory nucleus
B. Mesencephalic nucleus and tract

A

A. Main sensory nucleus

63
Q

Which of the following receives unconscious proprioception?
A. Mesencephalic Nucleus
B. Chief Sensory Nucleus
C. Spinal Trigeminal Nucleus

A

A. Mesencephalic Nucleus

64
Q
A
65
Q
A
66
Q

True or False: We have corticobulbar projections through the posterior limb of the internal capsule, crus cerebri, and basilar pons

A

True

67
Q

True or False: Unilateral lesion at motor cortex effects mastication

A

False - does not

Human Neuroscience (29 decks)

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