L8: CSF and Blood Flow Flashcards
Arterial blood supply primarily comes from which two arteries?
Internal carotid (80%) and Vertebral (20%)
Label the following:
True or False: The vertebrate a. supplies blood to anterior circulation (anterior tele/diencephalon) while the internal carotid supplies the posterior circulation(post-telencephalon, brain stem, SC)
False
- Vertebral a = posterior circulation
- Internal carotid = anterior circulation
Which four arteries come together to make the circle of willis?
Basilar a
Anterior cerebral a
Internal carotid a
Middle cerebral a
Label the arterial supply of the brain:
What are the two major terminal branches of the internal carotid?
Anterior cerebral artery
Middle cerebral artery
The internal carotid gives rise to which three smaller branches?
1) Opthalmic a.
2) Anterior choroidal a.
3) Posterior communicating a.
___ __ artery: Passes posteriorly and inferior to optic tract to anastomose with posterior cerebral artery. The branching point of this artery is a COMMON SITE FOR ANEURYSMS!
A. Anterior Communicating Artery
B. Posterior Communicating Artery
C. Anterior Cerebral Artery
D. Medial Striate Artery
B. Posterior Communicating Artery
____ ___ Artery: The smaller of the two terminal branches of the internal carotid artery.
A. Anterior Communicating Artery
B. Anterior Cerebral Artery
C. Middle Cerebral Artery
B. Anterior Cerebral Artery
The primary branch of the anterior cerebral artery enters the interhemispheric fissure and supplies what two major structures?
1) Superior surface of corpus callosum
2) Anterior part of medial cerebral hemisphere
- frontal lobe
- parietal lobe
- primary motor and somatosensory cortices
Which of the following arteries joins the left and the right anterior cerebral arteries at the midline?
A. Anterior Communicating Artery
B. Anterior Cerebral Artery
C. Middle Cerebral Artery
A. Anterior Communicating Artery
The medial striate artery (recurrent artery of Heubner) is given off by the proximal part of the __ ___ artery and supplies which two structures?
anterior cerebral artery;
1) anteromedial region of basal ganglia
2) internal capsule
____ ____ Artery: The larger of the two terminal branches; most of the time is a direct continuation of the internal carotid; travels laterally to enter lateral fissure (of Sylvius)
A. Anterior Communicating Artery
B. Anterior Cerebral Artery
C. Middle Cerebral Artery
C. Middle Cerebral Artery
What are the functional areas supplied by the medial cerebral a (BOPPPPS)
B - broca/weirnke
O - optic radiations
P - parietal association cortices
P - primary motor cortex
P - premotor cortex
P - primary auditory cortex
S - somatosensory area
F - frontal eye field
True or False: Most of the lateral surface of the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes is supplies by the MCA
True
Which structure supplies the DEEP structures of the diencephalon and telencephalon, parts of the striatum, and anterior/post limbs of internal capsule?
A. MCA
B. Anterior Communicating Artery
C. Medial Striate Artery
D. Lateral Striate Artery
D. Lateral Striate Artery
What are the three branches of the vertebral artery?
1) PICA (posterior inferior cerebellar artery)
2) Posterior Spinal Artery
3) Anterior Spinal Artery
True or False: The posterior inferior cerebellar artery is the largest branch of the vertebral artery
True!
Which branch of the vertebral artery supplies the cerebellum, choroid plexus of 4th ventricle, and the medulla?
A. Anterior Spinal Artery
B. Posterior Spinal Artery
C. Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery
C. Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery
Which branch of the vertebral artery supplies the dorsal horns/dorsal funiculi?
A. Anterior Spinal Artery
B. Posterior Spinal Artery
C. Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery
B. Posterior Spinal Artery
Which branch of the vertebral artery supplies the anterior 2/3 of the SC and is reinforced by radicular arteries?
A. Anterior Spinal Artery
B. Posterior Spinal Artery
C. Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery
A. Anterior Spinal Artery
True or False: The Anterior Cerebral a (ACA) supplies median surface while the Middle Cerebral a supplies the lateral surface
True
Which of the following does the Anterior Cerebral artery (ACA) NOT supply?
A. Medial and orbital surface of frontal lobe
B. Medial surface of parietal lobe
C. Medial surface of occipital lobe
D. Corpus callosum
C. Medial surface of occipital lobe
- stops at parietal-occipital sulcus
The medial surface of occipital lobe is supplied by the: ____
PCA (posterior communicating artery)
Label the smaller branches of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA):
1) Medial Striate Artery (recurrent a of Heubner)
2) Anterior Communicating Artery
True or False: The superior cerebral artery supplies the lateral surface of all the lobes of the brain
False - the middle cerebral artery does!
A patient begins having difficulty speaking and understanding speech, hearing, and feeling their feet. You suspect that their primary motor area/pre motor cortex, as well somatosensory areas, primary auditory cortex, and broca/weirnicke’s.
Which brain artery are they mostly likely having a blockage in?
A. Anterior Communicating
B. Medial Striate
C. Middle Cerebral Artery
C. Middle Cerebral Artery
Which artery supplies the internal capsule and basal ganglia?
Lateral striate arteries
True or False: Damage to the lateral striate artery can cause neuro deficits disproportionate to their size
True
- stroke that impacts internal capsule (lacunar stroke)
- leads to hemipelegia
What are the four arteries that arise from the internal carotid artery?
1) Opthalmic Artery
2) Anterior Choroidal Artery
3) PCA (Posterior Communicating Artery)
4) Anterior Cerebral Artery
Which artery supplies the optic tract, the choroid plexus of inferior horn of lateral ventricle, and the thalamus?
A. Opthalmic Artery
B. Anterior Choroidal Artery
C. PCA (Posterior Communicating Artery)
D. Anterior Cerebral Artery
B. Anterior Choroidal Artery
The vertebral artery merge and eventually form the ____ artery
basilar artery
What are the five branches of the basilar artery? What do they innervate?
1) Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AICA): cerebellum and caudal pons
2) Labyrinthe: inner ear
3) Pons Arteries: pons
4) Superior Cerebellar Artery: cerebellum, caudal midbrain, rostral pons
5) Posterior Cerebral Artery
Label the following
Which branch of the vertebral a. supplies the medulla and cerebellum?
A. PICA
B. PSA
C. ASA
A. PICA
What is the terminal branch of the basilar artery and supplies the midbrain, diencephalon, and temporal/occipital lobes?
Posterior Cerebral Artery
Which artery is a branch of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and supplies the primary vision cortex
A. Calcarine artery
B. PICA
C. PSA
C. ASA
A. Calcarine artery
True or False: Occlusion to the calcarine artery and the PCA can lead to visual deficits
True
Which structure interconnects the carotid-vertebral-basilar system?
Circle of Willis
Label the Circle of Willis:
Label the following:
ACA (medial surface of frontal and parietal)
PCA (medial surface of occipital/temporal)
MCA
_____ ____: Border zone between territories of two major cerebral arteries
Watershed Infarcts
- Accounts for 10% of ischemic strokes
- Sudden decrease in BP is typical cause (iatrogenic)
