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Human Neuroscience > L8: CSF and Blood Flow > Flashcards

L8: CSF and Blood Flow Flashcards

1
Q

Arterial blood supply primarily comes from which two arteries?

A

Internal carotid (80%) and Vertebral (20%)

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2
Q

Label the following:

A
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3
Q

True or False: The vertebrate a. supplies blood to anterior circulation (anterior tele/diencephalon) while the internal carotid supplies the posterior circulation(post-telencephalon, brain stem, SC)

A

False
- Vertebral a = posterior circulation
- Internal carotid = anterior circulation

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4
Q

Which four arteries come together to make the circle of willis?

A

Basilar a
Anterior cerebral a
Internal carotid a
Middle cerebral a

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5
Q

Label the arterial supply of the brain:

A
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6
Q

What are the two major terminal branches of the internal carotid?

A

Anterior cerebral artery
Middle cerebral artery

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7
Q

The internal carotid gives rise to which three smaller branches?

A

1) Opthalmic a.
2) Anterior choroidal a.
3) Posterior communicating a.

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8
Q
A
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9
Q

___ __ artery: Passes posteriorly and inferior to optic tract to anastomose with posterior cerebral artery. The branching point of this artery is a COMMON SITE FOR ANEURYSMS!
A. Anterior Communicating Artery
B. Posterior Communicating Artery
C. Anterior Cerebral Artery
D. Medial Striate Artery

A

B. Posterior Communicating Artery

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10
Q

____ ___ Artery: The smaller of the two terminal branches of the internal carotid artery.
A. Anterior Communicating Artery
B. Anterior Cerebral Artery
C. Middle Cerebral Artery

A

B. Anterior Cerebral Artery

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11
Q

The primary branch of the anterior cerebral artery enters the interhemispheric fissure and supplies what two major structures?

A

1) Superior surface of corpus callosum
2) Anterior part of medial cerebral hemisphere
- frontal lobe
- parietal lobe
- primary motor and somatosensory cortices

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12
Q

Which of the following arteries joins the left and the right anterior cerebral arteries at the midline?
A. Anterior Communicating Artery
B. Anterior Cerebral Artery
C. Middle Cerebral Artery

A

A. Anterior Communicating Artery

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13
Q

The medial striate artery (recurrent artery of Heubner) is given off by the proximal part of the __ ___ artery and supplies which two structures?

A

anterior cerebral artery;
1) anteromedial region of basal ganglia
2) internal capsule

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14
Q

____ ____ Artery: The larger of the two terminal branches; most of the time is a direct continuation of the internal carotid; travels laterally to enter lateral fissure (of Sylvius)
A. Anterior Communicating Artery
B. Anterior Cerebral Artery
C. Middle Cerebral Artery

A

C. Middle Cerebral Artery

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15
Q

What are the functional areas supplied by the medial cerebral a (BOPPPPS)

A

B - broca/weirnke
O - optic radiations
P - parietal association cortices
P - primary motor cortex
P - premotor cortex
P - primary auditory cortex
S - somatosensory area
F - frontal eye field

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16
Q

True or False: Most of the lateral surface of the frontal, parietal, temporal, and occipital lobes is supplies by the MCA

A

True

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17
Q

Which structure supplies the DEEP structures of the diencephalon and telencephalon, parts of the striatum, and anterior/post limbs of internal capsule?
A. MCA
B. Anterior Communicating Artery
C. Medial Striate Artery
D. Lateral Striate Artery

A

D. Lateral Striate Artery

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18
Q

What are the three branches of the vertebral artery?

A

1) PICA (posterior inferior cerebellar artery)
2) Posterior Spinal Artery
3) Anterior Spinal Artery

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19
Q

True or False: The posterior inferior cerebellar artery is the largest branch of the vertebral artery

A

True!

20
Q

Which branch of the vertebral artery supplies the cerebellum, choroid plexus of 4th ventricle, and the medulla?
A. Anterior Spinal Artery
B. Posterior Spinal Artery
C. Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery

A

C. Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery

21
Q

Which branch of the vertebral artery supplies the dorsal horns/dorsal funiculi?
A. Anterior Spinal Artery
B. Posterior Spinal Artery
C. Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery

A

B. Posterior Spinal Artery

22
Q

Which branch of the vertebral artery supplies the anterior 2/3 of the SC and is reinforced by radicular arteries?
A. Anterior Spinal Artery
B. Posterior Spinal Artery
C. Posterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery

A

A. Anterior Spinal Artery

23
Q

True or False: The Anterior Cerebral a (ACA) supplies median surface while the Middle Cerebral a supplies the lateral surface

A

True

24
Q

Which of the following does the Anterior Cerebral artery (ACA) NOT supply?

A. Medial and orbital surface of frontal lobe
B. Medial surface of parietal lobe
C. Medial surface of occipital lobe
D. Corpus callosum

A

C. Medial surface of occipital lobe
- stops at parietal-occipital sulcus

25
Q

The medial surface of occipital lobe is supplied by the: ____

A

PCA (posterior communicating artery)

26
Q

Label the smaller branches of the anterior cerebral artery (ACA):

A

1) Medial Striate Artery (recurrent a of Heubner)
2) Anterior Communicating Artery

27
Q

True or False: The superior cerebral artery supplies the lateral surface of all the lobes of the brain

A

False - the middle cerebral artery does!

28
Q

A patient begins having difficulty speaking and understanding speech, hearing, and feeling their feet. You suspect that their primary motor area/pre motor cortex, as well somatosensory areas, primary auditory cortex, and broca/weirnicke’s.

Which brain artery are they mostly likely having a blockage in?
A. Anterior Communicating
B. Medial Striate
C. Middle Cerebral Artery

A

C. Middle Cerebral Artery

29
Q

Which artery supplies the internal capsule and basal ganglia?

A

Lateral striate arteries

30
Q
A
31
Q

True or False: Damage to the lateral striate artery can cause neuro deficits disproportionate to their size

A

True
- stroke that impacts internal capsule (lacunar stroke)
- leads to hemipelegia

32
Q

What are the four arteries that arise from the internal carotid artery?

A

1) Opthalmic Artery
2) Anterior Choroidal Artery
3) PCA (Posterior Communicating Artery)
4) Anterior Cerebral Artery

33
Q

Which artery supplies the optic tract, the choroid plexus of inferior horn of lateral ventricle, and the thalamus?
A. Opthalmic Artery
B. Anterior Choroidal Artery
C. PCA (Posterior Communicating Artery)
D. Anterior Cerebral Artery

A

B. Anterior Choroidal Artery

34
Q
A
35
Q
A
36
Q

The vertebral artery merge and eventually form the ____ artery

A

basilar artery

37
Q

What are the five branches of the basilar artery? What do they innervate?

A

1) Anterior Inferior Cerebellar Artery (AICA): cerebellum and caudal pons
2) Labyrinthe: inner ear
3) Pons Arteries: pons
4) Superior Cerebellar Artery: cerebellum, caudal midbrain, rostral pons
5) Posterior Cerebral Artery

38
Q

Label the following

A
39
Q

Which branch of the vertebral a. supplies the medulla and cerebellum?
A. PICA
B. PSA
C. ASA

A

A. PICA

40
Q

What is the terminal branch of the basilar artery and supplies the midbrain, diencephalon, and temporal/occipital lobes?

A

Posterior Cerebral Artery

41
Q

Which artery is a branch of the posterior cerebral artery (PCA) and supplies the primary vision cortex
A. Calcarine artery
B. PICA
C. PSA
C. ASA

A

A. Calcarine artery

42
Q

True or False: Occlusion to the calcarine artery and the PCA can lead to visual deficits

A

True

43
Q

Which structure interconnects the carotid-vertebral-basilar system?

A

Circle of Willis

44
Q

Label the Circle of Willis:

A
45
Q

Label the following:

A

ACA (medial surface of frontal and parietal)
PCA (medial surface of occipital/temporal)
MCA

46
Q

_____ ____: Border zone between territories of two major cerebral arteries

A

Watershed Infarcts
- Accounts for 10% of ischemic strokes
- Sudden decrease in BP is typical cause (iatrogenic)

Human Neuroscience (29 decks)

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