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Human Neuroscience > Lecture 10: Ascending Pathway I > Flashcards

Lecture 10: Ascending Pathway I Flashcards

1
Q

True or False: The DC-ML is concerned with conscious appreciation of fine touch, two point discrimination, conscious proprioception, and vibrations

A

True

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2
Q

True or False: The DC-ML deals with highly localizable and discriminative sensations

A

True - they’re known as epicritic sensations

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3
Q

Where are the first, second, and third order neurons of the DC-ML located?

A

1st: DRG
2nd: Dorsal column nuclei (medulla)
3rd: VPL nucleus (thalamus)

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4
Q

True or False: The first order neuron of the DC-ML is a pseudounipolar neuron with a peripheral and central axonal process

A

True

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5
Q

Which three tactile mechanoreceptors are associated with the DC-ML?

Which two structures are involved in conscious proprioception in the DC-ML?

A

Tactile Mechanoreceptors:
1. Meissner’s and 2. Pacinian corpuscles; 3. Free nerve endings on hair follicles

Conscious Proprioception:
1. Muscle Spindles (Ia and II)
2. Golgi Tendon Organs (Ib)

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6
Q

True or False: In the DC-ML, Meissner Corpuscle is associated with two point discrimination/fine touch while Pacinian Corpuscle is associated with pressure and vibration

A

True

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7
Q

Where do the peripheral axonal processes of the DC-ML originate from? where do they end up?

A

Peripheral receptors to cell body in DRG

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8
Q

True or False: Both the peripheral and central axonal process of the DC-ML are associated with large, heavily myelinated fibers

A

True

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9
Q

Type Ia, Ib, and II are associated with ______
A. Central axonal processes
B. Peripheral axonal processes

A

B. Peripheral axonal processes

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10
Q

Once in the spinal cord, the central axonal process will give off small collateral branches that will terminate in the spinal gray matter to facilitate ___

A

reflexes

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11
Q

The main axon of the first neuron of the DC-ML will leave the dorsal gray matter without synapsing and enter the ___ ____ to help form either the ___ or ____

A

dorsal funiculus; FG; FC

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12
Q

Which two structures make up the Dorsal (Posterior) Column?

A

FG and FC

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13
Q

___ is located at ALL spinal cord levels and carries sensory information to the lower extremities
A. Fasiculus cuneatus
B. Fasiculus gracilis

A

B. Fasiculus gracilis

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14
Q

___ is located only at spinal cord levels T6 and above and carries sensory information to the UE

A. Fasiculus cuneatus
B. Fasiculus gracilis

A

A. Fasiculus cuneatus

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15
Q

In the DC-ML, the sacral spinal levels are most ___ while fibers of the cervical spine are most ___ to dorsal columns
A. medial; lateral
B. lateral; medial

A

A. medial; lateral

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16
Q

True or False: The arrangement of the body parts represented in the dorsal column pathway is a good example of somatotophy

A

True

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17
Q

True or False: The somatotopic organization of the DC-ML persists throughout entire course of the ascending pathway

A

True

18
Q

Which axonal processes of the DC-ML terminate (synapse) on neurons in the dorsal column nuclei (NG and NC) in the caudal medulla?
A. Peripheral Axonal Processes
B. Central Axonal Processes

A

B. Central Axonal Processes

19
Q

The NG receives axons of the ___ and corresponds to the gracile tubercle

The NC receives axons of the ___ and corresponds to the cuneate tubercle

A

FG
FC

20
Q

True or False: Axons of the dorsal column nuclei neurons are small and minimally myleinated

A

False - they are large and heavily myelinated

21
Q

Which neurons of the DC-ML course ventromedially through the medullary tegmentum, ultimately crossing midline?
A. First order neurons
B. Second order neurons
C. Third order neurons

A

B. Second order neurons

22
Q

Once second order neurons of the DC-ML cross midline, they enter the ____

A

IAF (interarcuate fibers)

23
Q

The internal arcuate fibers will coalesce on the contralateral side of the medulla, dorsal to pyramidal tracts, known as ___

A

ML (medial lemniscus)

24
Q

Ventral fibers arise from ____
Dorsal fibers arise from ____

A

Nucleus gracilis
Nucleus cuneatus

25
Q

What three things happens when the medial lemniscus travels through the brainstem?

A
  1. Changes relative position and orientation
  2. Terminates in thalamus
  3. Synapses on third order neuron
26
Q

Where do the fibers of the medial lemniscus synapse?

A

Neurons in the VPL (ventral postero-lateral nucleus of thalamus)

27
Q

Where do axons of the VPL neurons project out of, then enter, then terminate in?

A

Thalamus =>
Posterior limb (internal capsule) =>
Somatosensory Cortex

28
Q

Where is the primary somatosensory cortex located (S-I)
A. Post-central gyrus
B. Superior parietal lobule
C. Parietal cortex

A

A. Post-central gyrus

29
Q

Which Brodmann Areas correspond to the Primary Somatosensory Cortex?

Which Brodmann Areas correspond to the Somatosensory Association Cortex?

A

Primary Somatosensory Cortex
- Brodmann 3, 1, and 2

Somatosensory Association Cortex
- Brodmann 5 and 7

30
Q

What are the four subdivision of the primary somatosensory cortex?

A

Brodmann Area 3a, 3b, 1, and 2

31
Q

Where do most thalamic outputs of The Primary Somatosensory Cortex terminate?
A. Area 1 and 2
B. Area 3a and 3b
C. Area 3a and 3c
D. Area 1 and 3b

A

B. Area 3a and 3b

32
Q

Each subdivision of the primary somatosensory cortex contains a sensory homunculus. Which body part has a disproportionately larger cortical representation?

A

Fingers

33
Q

In the subdivisions of the primary somatosensory cortex (S-I) - the leg is represented more ___, while trunk, arm, fact are represented more ____

A

medially; laterally

34
Q

Where is the Parietal Association Cortex (Somatosensory Association Cortex) locate?
A. Cortex of inferior parietal lobe
B. Cortex of superior parietal lobe

A

B. Cortex of superior parietal lobe

35
Q

Which of the following gets input from: S-I, S-II, Pre-motor cortex, limbic system, vestibular system, auditory, and visual systems?
A. Primary Somatosensory Cortex
B. Posterior Parietal Lobe (Somatosensory Association Cortex)

A

B. Posterior Parietal Lobe (Somatosensory Association Cortex)

36
Q

True or False: Higher order processing of somatosensory information, coupled with other information, occurs in the Somatosensory Association Cortex

A

True

37
Q

Which of the following aids in formation of a mental “image” of the body
A. Primary Somatosensory Cortex
B. Posterior Parietal Lobe (Somatosensory Association Cortex)

A

B. Posterior Parietal Lobe (Somatosensory Association Cortex)

38
Q

Lesions in which cortical area will often result in hemineglect syndrome?
A. Parietal Association Cortex / Somatosensory Association Cortex
B. Primary Somatosensory Cortex

A

A. Parietal Association Cortex / Somatosensory Association Cortex

39
Q

Information about unconscious proprioception from the body is conveyed to the cerebellum via ____

A

spinocerebellar tracts

40
Q

Dorsospinalcerebellar tract projects through the _____ while Ventral spinocerebellar tracts project through the ___

A

ICP (inferior cerebellar peduncle); SCP (superior cerebellar peduncle)

Human Neuroscience (29 decks)

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