Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

LATG > LATG 08: Biochemistry and Nutrition and Feed > Flashcards

LATG 08: Biochemistry and Nutrition and Feed Flashcards

1
Q

What is an inorganic molecule?

A

water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Ketones are implicated in which disease?

A

Diabetes mellitus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

The study of chemical compounds and complex chemical reactions in living systems is known as:

A

biochemistry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which carbohydrate serves as energy storage in plants?

A

starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Which carbohydrate classification is also known as starch?

A

polysaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Which carbohydrate classification is also known as starch?

A

polysaccharides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How would you classify a carbohydrate containing 5 saccharide units?

A

Oligosaccharide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Blood types are characterized by the carbohydrate portions of _______ on the surface of cells and the carbohydrate portion of serum _______.

A

glycolipids, glycoproteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is another name for glucose?

A

dextrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What atoms make up a carbohydrate?

A

carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

________ are the main constituents of animal fats.

A

Triglycerides

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Blood plasma that appears cloudy may be an indication of which condition or disease state?

A

Lipemia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

True or False: Cholesterol is soluble in blood.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

A complex lipid that includes a carbohydrate portion is a _______ .

A

glycolipid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

The sheath around many nerves is called ________ .

A

myelin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Which animal has a tongue that secretes lipase to digest fats and oils?

A

rat

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

True or False: The component parts of triglycerides are cholesterol and free fatty acids.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

True or False: In dogs and pigs, the digestion of lipids does not begin until food reaches the stomach.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

True or False: Prostaglandin is a hormone that is derived from lipids.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

True or False: Animal fat contains more unsaturated fatty acid than vegetable oils.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

True or False: Cholesterol is a steroid.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What proteins are biological catalysts which perform work of chemical reactions in cells?

A

enzymes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Which type of protein is typically intracellular and helps to turn on or off chemical reactions?

A

regulatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

________ are the building blocks of proteins.

A

Amino Acids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Enzymes are an example of which type of biochemical compound?

A

proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

True or False: Some amino acids are considered essential only for young growing animals.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

What vitamins are water soluble?

A

B and C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Monogastric species are often referred to as:

A

Cecal digesters

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

True or False: Dietary fiber can cause decreased mineral absorption.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What micromineral is an important component of Vitamin B12?

A

Cobalt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

True or False: Fiber is also referred to as starch.

A

False- roughage

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What is the chemical name of vitamin C?

A

Ascorbic acid

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

The deficiency of what essential micromineral results in anemia and fatty degeneration of the liver?

A

cobalt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

The deficiency of what essential micromineral results in anemia and fatty degeneration of the liver?

A

cobalt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

True or False: Fiber is a carbohydrate.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

True or False: Many microminerals are toxic at high concentrations

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What are the two types of acceptable diet formulations for laboratory animals?

A

fixed and managed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

How can the diet be changed to treat internal parasites?

A

add fenbendazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

True or False: Most older animals require more protein and calories than young animals

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

True or False: Animals on estrogen-sensitive studies should be fed a diet high in isoflavones.

A

False

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

True or False: A laboratory animal’s diet is a controllable variable.

A

True

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

True or False: Nutritional requirements within a species may vary due to genetic differences.

A

True

43
Q

Ketones are implicated in which disease?

A

Diabetes mellitus

44
Q

In atherosclerosis what is deposited on the inner lining of blood vessels that restricts blood flow?

A

cholesterol

45
Q

Which hormone is not properly secreted or used in bodies with diabetes mellitus?

A

insulin

46
Q

The enzyme which is lacking in individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) normally transforms the amino acid phenylalanine into which non-essential amino acid?

A

tyrosine

47
Q

Which carbohydrate consists of two glucose units bound together?

A

maltose

48
Q

A fatty acid made up of carbons that are bound to as many hydrogen atoms as possible is _______.

A

saturated

49
Q

Which term is used for the cholesterol deposited on the inner lining of blood vessels?

A

plaque

50
Q

What group of organic compounds is a major component of plasma membranes?

A

lipids

51
Q

Carbohydrates made up of two monosaccharides are classified as:

A

Disaccharides

52
Q

Steroids belong in which group of organic compounds?

A

lipids

53
Q

Which carbohydrate can be digested only by some species, such as ungulates and lagomorphs?

A

cellulose

54
Q

The deficiency of what essential micromineral results in impaired glucose metabolism?

A

chromium

55
Q

What best describes a peptide?

A

small protein

56
Q

What proteins are biological catalysts which perform work of chemical reactions in cells?

A

enzymes

57
Q

On what characteristic are the two categories of dietary minerals (micro- and macrominerals) based?

A

Their biological importance

58
Q

_______ allows lipids to be absorbed through the wall of the small intestine and used as energy in the body

A

bile

59
Q

What compound does the body overproduce when fat stores are metabolized for energy?

A

ketones

60
Q

The enzyme which is lacking in individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) normally transforms the amino acid phenylalanine into which non-essential amino acid?

A

tyrosine

61
Q

What breaks down dietary fiber?

A

bacteria

62
Q

Ferrets and cats must have a diet containing which organic acid?

A

taurine

63
Q

Monogastric species are often referred to as:

A

cecal digesters

64
Q

Organic acids consisting of a chain of hydrocarbons are __________.

A

fatty acids

65
Q

Blood types are characterized by the carbohydrate portions of _______ on the surface of cells and the carbohydrate portion of serum _______.

A

glycolipids, glycoproteins

66
Q

An imbalance in the different types of lipoproteins (HDL versus LDL) is a major contributing factor in what disease?

A

Atherosclerosis

67
Q

Which type of fatty acid has one double bond between two carbons?

A

Monounsaturated

68
Q

The sheath around many nerves is called ________ .

A

myelin

69
Q

What is an enzyme that aids in the digestion of starches and other polysaccharides?

A

amylase

70
Q

Which condition results from a deficiency of dietary vitamin C?

A

scurvy

71
Q

The deficiency of which essential micromineral results in bone abnormality and tooth decay?

A

Fluorine

72
Q

What is the most abundant protein found in a mammal?

A

collagen

73
Q

Which carbohydrate is found in mammalian milk?

A

lactose

74
Q

Which carbohydrates are made up of 3-10 linked monosaccharides?

A

oligosaccaride

75
Q

Which carbohydrate is what is known as table sugar?

A

sucrose

76
Q

Which protein carries oxygen to cells throughout the body?

A

hemoglobin

77
Q

Carbohydrates made up of two monosaccharides are classified as:

A

Disaccharides

78
Q

Which carbohydrate serves as energy storage in animals?

A

glycogen

79
Q

What must be checked to ensure that a bag of feed has stable vitamin content?

A

shelf life

80
Q

What organic compound implicates diabetes mellitus?

A

ketones

81
Q

What organic compound implicates Atherosclerosis?

A

cholesterol

82
Q

What organic compound implicates Phenylketonuria?

A

Phenylalanine

83
Q

Blood plasma that appears cloudy can be indicative of what condition?

A

lipemia

84
Q

How would you classify a carbohydrate containing 5 saccharide units?

A

Oligosaccaride

85
Q

What is the primary source of energy used by the body for all metabolic processes?

A

glucose

86
Q

What kind of saccharide is Ribose?

A

monosaccharide

87
Q

What kind of saccharide is Amylose?

A

a polysaccharide that is a component of starch

88
Q

What kind of saccharide is cellulose?

A

a polysaccharide that makes up supportive structures in plants

89
Q

What kind of saccharide is Maltose?

A

disaccharide

90
Q

What group is the largest component of plasma membranes?

A

Lipids

91
Q

What does the term “saturated fatty acid” mean?

A

all carbons are bound to as many hydrogen atoms as possible

92
Q

What is measured in the blood to assess lipid metabolism?

A

triglyceride

93
Q

What are the 3 components of a nucleotide?

A

nitrogenous base, sugar, phosphate group

94
Q

What molecules are structural proteins?

A

collagen and keratin

95
Q

Vitamins serve as chemical partners with what to help maintain normal cell function?

A

enzymes

96
Q

Zinc is an example of a:

A

micromineral

97
Q

A fatty acid with a single double bond between 2 carbons is considered what kind of fat?

A

monounsaturated

98
Q

What are the fat soluble vitamins?

A

A, D, E, K

99
Q

What microminerals are essential in the diet?

A

calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, potassium, chlorine, sulfur

100
Q

True or False: Cholesterol is a lipid that is soluble in blood.

A

False

101
Q

What are the basic components of proteins?

A

amino acids

102
Q

What breaks down dietary fiber?

A

bacterial fermentation

103
Q

Which type of animal can degrade fiber and use it for a main energy source?

A

ruminants

LATG (24 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions