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LATG > LAT Review > Flashcards

LAT Review Flashcards

1
Q

Which entity in AAALAC International approves an institution’s application for accreditation?

A

council on accreditation

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2
Q

How many US Government Principles for the Utilization and Care of Vertebrate Animals Used in Testing, Research, and Training are there?

A

9

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3
Q

What person has the responsibility of ensuring the institution complies with the Animal Welfare Act?

A

chief executive officer

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4
Q

A cost recovery analysis for technical services offered by the vivarium is based on what?

A

Revenue for the service compared to expenses for related supplies and labor

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5
Q

What can the multiplex fluorescent immunoassay detect?

A

Presence of viral antibodies

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6
Q

What type of chemical responds strongly in the presence of water?

A

reactive

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7
Q

Serological tests conducted on samples taken when animals arrive at the facility provide information about their health status at which period of time?

A

2 weeks before shipment

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8
Q

The cost for personnel generally represents what percentage of an animal facility’s budget?

A

more than 60%

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9
Q

What is a common method used to detect exposure to viral pathogens?

A

ELISA

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10
Q

How many days does it generally take for an animal to develop an immune response to an agent?

A

10-14

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11
Q

Which ABSL level relates to infectious agents that can cause serious or potentially lethal diseases when inhaled?

A

ABSL-3 and higher

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12
Q

What USDA publication clarifies the intent of the Animal Welfare Act?

A

Animal Care Policy Manual

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13
Q

PCR rodent infectious agent (PRIA) testing allows swift identification of environmental pathogens by detecting what?

A

Pathogen genetic material

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13
Q

In which phase of the ADDIE instructional design model does the needs assessment take place?

A

Analyze

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14
Q

What management function most directly affects accomplishment of the mission of the institution and animal care program?

A

goal setting

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15
Q

Which agency administers the Animal Welfare Act?

A

Animal Plant and Health Inspection Service

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16
Q

How often should a research facility using regulated species update their USDA registration?

A

every 3 years

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17
Q

Which institutional office generally has the responsibility for monitoring the handling of radioactive materials in the laboratory?

A

Radiation Safety Officer

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18
Q

Along with the Nuclear Regulatory Commission, who administers the licensees of nuclear material?

A

Agreement States

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19
Q

A postmortem cecal exam is used to detect what species?

A

Aspiculuris

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20
Q

If bleach is mixed with a cleanser containing _______ , irritating, volatile compounds are produced.

A

ammonia or acids

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21
Q

What is an appropriate reason for using static tanks for fish?

A

Isolating fish for a short term

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22
Q

The temperature of a diluted liquid sanitizer should not be increased due to:

A

pH stability

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23
Q

The rate of air flow from a vent is measured using which device?

A

Anemometer

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24
Q

What metal, often found in municipal water, can be toxic to aquatic animals?

A

copper

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25
Q

What is the purpose of a pass box?

A

To promote the direction of airflow from the animal room to the hallway

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26
Q

Xenopus is the genus of which species?

A

African clawed frogs

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27
Q

What is the typical exposure time for formaldehyde decontamination?

A

12 hours

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28
Q

What is the term for a passageway with two locking doors that cannot be opened simultaneously?

A

airlock

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29
Q

What is the purpose of a pass box?

A

To transfer containers of supplies into and out of the facility

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30
Q

Which document recommends that all social species be housed in pairs or groups in a laboratory setting?

A

The Guide

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31
Q

Germicides may be used on live animals and are therefore regulated by what agency?

A

The FDA

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32
Q

Which biosafety level contains indigenous organisms that pose a moderate risk of disease?

A

2

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33
Q

What is the lowest biosafety level at which personnel must receive training on how to safely work with the hazardous agent?

A

BSL-2

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34
Q

What factor lowers the pH in an aquatic system?

A

carbon dioxide

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35
Q

What movement is described by bending or folding (decreasing the angle)?

A

flexion

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36
Q

What animals have an additional lymphoid organ not present in mammals called the bursa of Fabricius?

A

birds

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37
Q

A 5% alcohol solution by volume would be a solution made from 5 mL of alcohol and enough solvent to bring the total volume up to ____ mL.

A

100

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38
Q

Where does the breakdown of cellulose occur in rabbits, horses, and rodents?

A

the cecum

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39
Q

What is the process by which DNA is inserted into a cell in homologous recombination?

A

Electroporation

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40
Q

What animal has thrombocytes that lack a nucleus?

A

rat

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41
Q

The hormones epinephrine and norepinephrine are produced by the:

A

adrenal medula

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42
Q

Antibodies are produced by what cells?

A

B Cells

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43
Q

What term describes a situation where new genes are inserted by a targeted mutation?

A

knockin

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44
Q

In the rederivation process a female that has been tested and found free of pathogens is known as:

A

clean

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45
Q

What are the multi-branched extensions of a neuron?

A

dendrites

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46
Q

What is the structure in which neurons extending from the brain and neurons extending to the tissue are connected?

A

ganglia

47
Q

What type of test is done to verify the health status of recipient females for embryo rederivation?

A

serology

48
Q

What step must be taken to produce a chimera with hopes of achieving germline transmission?

A

Implantation of injected blastocysts

49
Q

True or False: Blood is a connective tissue.

A

True

50
Q

What provides strength to the connective tissue found in tendons and ligaments?

A

collagen

51
Q

What is the area where growth occurs in the long bone in a young animal?

A

Epiphysis

52
Q

In what structure is an egg transported from an ovary to the uterus?

A

Salpinx

53
Q

What step must be taken to produce a chimera with hopes of achieving germline transmission?

A

Implantation of injected blastocysts

54
Q

What is the substrain of C57BL/6J?

A

6

55
Q

Subcutaneous injections are made in what structure?

A

hypodermis

56
Q

In mammals, thrombocytes are:

A

platelets

57
Q

What structure is an egg transported from an ovary to the uterus?

A

Salpinx

58
Q

What supplies O2 and other nutrients to the heart itself?

A

coronary arteries

59
Q

Where does the breakdown of cellulose occur in rabbits, horses, and rodents?

A

in the cecum

60
Q

The ankle joint is known as the _______ in quadrupeds.

A

hock

61
Q

Muscles are attached to bones by:

A

tendons

62
Q

How do adult Xenopus respire?

A

breathing with lungs

63
Q

What does the layer of muscle cells do for an artery?

A

changes the diameter

64
Q

What colony is bred to establish a colony with the desired DNA?

A

the foundation colony

65
Q

What test is done to verify the health status of recipient females for embryo rederivation?

A

serology

66
Q

What type of solutions are used to represent the concentration of electrolytes in sterile fluids used for injection?

A

normal

67
Q

What type of cells break down pathogens that have been trapped in the lymph nodes?

A

macrophages

68
Q

What type of disease is defined as one with a sudden outbreak that affects a large number of animals?

A

Epizootic

69
Q

What condition in frogs results from an infection or a metabolic disorder and can impair their equilibrium in water?

A

bloat

70
Q

A newborn’s temporary immunity is known as _______ immunity.

A

passive

71
Q

When an animal has an allergy, its immune system recognizes the allergen as a(n):

A

antigen

72
Q

Infection with what human disease is potentially fatal to marmosets?

A

herpes simplex

73
Q

What is an animal’s primary means of keeping out most invading organisms?

A

skin and mucus membranes

74
Q

What practice is most commonly adopted to address rodents infected by a disease agent?

A

euthanasia

75
Q

What type of testing has been adopted by many facilities in place of sentinel testing?

A

Molecular techniques

76
Q

What do white chalky deposits on the sides of the tank indicate?

A

high hardness level

77
Q

How often should water hardness be monitored?

A

weekly

78
Q

What species is often used for determining the chemical safety of pesticides and industrial chemicals?

A

fish

79
Q

Disruption of power supply may significantly deplete the ________ in the system water.

A

dissolved oxygen

80
Q

What type of filter removes large, solid waste?

A

mechanical

81
Q

What mandate states that protocols for USDA-covered species may only be approved for 1 year?

A

Animal Welfare Regulations

82
Q

What are the clusters of cells that secrete insulin and glucagon?

A

The islets of Langerhans

83
Q

What movement is described by bending or folding (decreasing the angle)?

A

flexion

84
Q

To collect sperm from a male zebrafish, what is avoided by ensuring that the urogenital pore is dry?

A

activation of sperm

85
Q

What macaque species are the most commonly investigated Old World monkeys in behavioral research?

A

M. mulatta

86
Q

What is an appropriate reason for using static tanks for fish?

A

isolating for a short term

87
Q

What is the benefit of using the dry process of VHP instead of the wet process?

A

It reduces the corrosiveness of the compound.

88
Q

Who can restrict or withdraw approval of the Animal Welfare Assurance if an institution fails at its responsibilities?

A

OLAW

89
Q

An animal’s total blood volume is approximately what percentage of its body weight?

A

6%

90
Q

How are scissors classified?

A

by blade tips

91
Q

What comprises the endocrine system?

A

glands

92
Q

What is produced by the action of luciferin on the luciferase gene?

A

light

93
Q

What do polyclonal antibodies react against?

A

Multiple unique areas on a particular antigen

94
Q

Which state passed legislation starting in 2020 that prohibits the sale of cosmetic products and ingredients that have been tested on animals?

A

California

95
Q

What is an animal called that has some cells containing the new gene and some cells without the new gene?

A

chimera

96
Q

What type of test involves repeated administration of a substance over 28 days (1 month)?

A

subacute

97
Q

How effective are HEPA filters in removing particulate matter from air?

A

99.97%

98
Q

It is recommended that adult mice receive retroorbital injections no greater than what volume?

A

150 microliters

99
Q

What is the matrix in a mature bone?

A

Nonliving material containing minerals

100
Q

What process allows researchers to know whether an animal possesses a specific gene?

A

Electrophoresis

101
Q

In many animals what percent of the blood is comprised of plasma?

A

55%

102
Q

What is the maximum number of surgeries for oocyte collection recommended over the life of a Xenopus?

A

6

103
Q

What type of tissue lines the heart and blood vessels?

A

endothelium

104
Q

How does the Whitten Effect assist in timed mating?

A

It can produce a group of females for mating at one time.

105
Q

The lack of both cellular and antibody immune response makes SCID mice good models for __________ .

A

tumors

106
Q

In what species is the Draize test most commonly used?

A

rabbits

107
Q

What may be given to amphibians to stimulate egg production?

A

Gonadotropins

108
Q

What enzyme is used in bioluminescence imaging?

A

Luciferase

109
Q

After how many consecutive litters that failed to thrive should rodent breeders be retired?

A

2

110
Q

Both too much and too little of specific vitamins and minerals can result in what type of disease?

A

nutritional

111
Q

In Segment III studies, how many pairs of pups are selected from each litter to produce an F1 generation?

A

1

112
Q

What mice lack both T cells and B cells?

A

SCID mice

113
Q

What metal, often found in municipal water, can be toxic to aquatic animals?

A

copper

114
Q

What factor lowers the pH in an aquatic system?

A

carbon dioxide

LATG (24 decks)

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