Lab Quiz 3 - Heart Flashcards
directed inferior and slightly to the left in the mediastinum
apex of the heart
lies on the superior surface and is the exit and entrance of the great vessels
base of the heart
outermost layer composed of thick, dense CT attached to the central tendon of the diaphragm
fibrous pericardium
layers of the serous pericardium
parietal and visceral layer
where do the coronary veins empty into
coronary sinus
artery that serves the lateral wall of left ventricle
left circumflex artery
artery that serves the anterior surface of the ventricles; also known as the “widow maker”
anterior interventricular artery (clinically Left Anterior Descending Artery)
supplies the anterior ventricles and lateral/dorsal walls
left coronary artery
branches of the left coronary artery
LAD
left circumflex
- exits right ventricle and is anterior to aorta
- splits into R/L pulmonary arteries to the lungs
pulmonary trunk
branches of the right coronary artery
marginal
posterior interventricular (posterior inferior descendng)
coronary veins
great cardiac
middle cardiac
small cardiac
intermediate layer lines the inside of the fibrous pericardium
parietal pericardium
innermost layer closely applied to the heart muscle, aka the epicardium
visceral pericardium
inflammation of the pericardium
pericarditis
also known as the visceral pericardium, made up of connective and epithelial tissue
epicardium
thick muscular walls made up of cardiac muscle cells
myocardium
a delicate layer of epithelial cells that line the inside of the heart and are continuous with the lining of the blood vessels (endothelium)
endocardium
contains openings for the IVC, SVC, coronary sinus, and empties into the RV
right atrium
contains openings for pulmonary veins, empties into LV
left atrium
pumps blood to lungs
right ventricle
more muscular, pumps blood into systemic circulation
left ventricle
prevent backflow into the atria when the ventricles are contracting
atrioventricular valves (AV)
located betweent the left atrium and ventricle, consists of two flaps of endocardium
mitral (bicuspid)
located between the right atrium and ventricle, consists of three flaps of endocardium
tricuspid valve
collagen like cords that anchor the cusps to the ventricular walls
chordae tendinae
small bundles of cardiac muscle that give rise to the chordae tendinae, arise from ventricular wall
papillary muscles
composed of 3 pocket-like cusps, whcih are flattened against the arterial wall during contraction
semilunar valves
located between the RV and pulmonary trunk
pulmonary semilunar valve
located between the LV and aorta
aortic semilunar vavle
true or false:
there should never be a time when any chamber of the heart is empty
true
- exits LV and ascends to create the aortic arch
aorta
3 branches of aortic arch
- brachiocephalic
- left common carotid
- left subclavian
a fetal shunt vessel, now connective tissue between aorta and pulmonary trunk
ligamentum arteriosum
confluence of cardiac veins
coronary sinus
empties into the right atrium
superior vena cava, inferior vena cava
empty into left atrium from lungs
pulmonary veins
carry blood to the lungs from the right ventricle
pulmonary arteries
artery that supplies the lateral side of the right ventricle
marginal artery
artery that supplies the posterior surface of the ventricles
posterior interventricular artery (posterior inferior descending artery)
