Lab Exam Two: Appendicular Skeleton

Question 1

What bones comprise the pectoral girdle?

Answer 1

1. clavicle

2. scapula

Question 2

Sternoclavicular joint:

Answer 2

medial end + sternum

Question 3

Acromioclavicular joint:

Answer 3

lateral end + scapula

Question 4

Glenohumeral joint:

Answer 4

scapula + humerus

Question 5

The medial end (clavicle) has a […]. While the opposite end ([…]) has a flattened surface.

Answer 5

head; acromial

Question 6

What are the 3 sides to the scapula?

Answer 6

1. superior border
2. medial (vertebral) border
3. lateral (axillary) border

Question 7

Suprascapular notch:

Answer 7

nerve passage in the superior border

Question 8

Subscapular fossa:

Answer 8

anterior surface of the scapula

Question 9

Where can you find the glenoid cavity? What is its funtion?

Answer 9

lateral angle

shallow socket articulates with the head of the humerus (glenohumeral joint)

Question 10

What are the upper limb divisions?

Answer 10

1. brachium
2. antebrachium
3. carpus
4. manus

Question 11

What bones are contained in the antebrachium? What is their anatomical position?

Answer 11

radius and ulna

radius is lateral to the ulna

Question 12

How many bones in the carpus region of the upper limb?

Answer 12

8

Question 13

How many bones in the manus region of the upper limb?

Answer 13

19

** 5 metacarpals + 14 phalanges

Question 14

Where is the deltoid tuberosity located? What is its function?

Answer 14

rough area on the lateral surface of the humerus shaft

attach deltoid muscle

Question 15

Where can you find the coronoid fossa?

Answer 15

middle portion on the distal end of the humerus

Question 16

Which condyle articulates with the radius? ulna?

Answer 16

capitulum or lateral

trochlea or medial

Question 17

Where is the radial tuberosity located? What is its function?

Answer 17

medial surface of the radius neck

attach tendon of the biceps muscle

Question 18

What are at the distal ends of the antebrachial bones?

Answer 18

styloid processes

Question 19

How many bones compose the pelvic girdle?

Answer 19

three:

two hips bones (ossa coxae) and the sacrum

Question 20

What is the interpubic disc? What is it composed of?

Answer 20

symphysis pubis

fibrocartilage

Question 21

What are the three unique markings within the each of the hip bones?

Answer 21

1. iliac crest
2. acetabulum
3. obturator foramen

Question 22

Iliac crest wraps from the anterior […] to the posterior […].

Answer 22

superior spine

Question 23

Acetabulum also known as the […].

Answer 23

hip socket

Question 24

The adult hip bone forms by the fusion of three childhood bones called the …

Answer 24

1. ilium
2. ischium
3. pubis

Question 25

The femur has a hemispherical [...].

Answer 25

head

Question 26

Femur-- Distal to the head is a neck and then two massive, round processes called [...] and [...].

Answer 26

greater; less trochanters

Question 27

Femur-- At the distal end of the femur are two smooth round surfaces of the knee joint...

Answer 27

1. medial epicondyle | 2. lateral epicondyle

Question 28

Femur-- What separates the two epicondyles?

Answer 28

intercondyla fossa

Question 29

The quadriceps femoris tendon extension over the patella...

Answer 29

extends from the anterior quadriceps femoris muscle of the thigh ---> patella ---> continues as from patella ligament to tibial tuberosity

Question 30

What are the two bones found in the leg?

Answer 30

1. tibia (medial side) | 2. fibula (lateral side)

Question 31

The tibial tuberosity can be palpated [...].

Answer 31

just below the patella

Question 32

At the ankle there is a [...] malleolus that is part of the tibia and a(n) [...] malleolus that is part of the fibula.

Answer 32

medial; lateral

Question 33

Fibula helps to...

Answer 33

stabilize the ankle

Question 34

Which leg bone does not bear any weight?

Answer 34

fibula

Question 35

The radius/ulna and tibia/fibula are joined together by...

Answer 35

interosseous membrane

Question 36

Ankle bones are also known as [...].

Answer 36

tarsal bones

Question 37

The calcaneus forms the [...] bone and has the attachment of the [...] tendon from the calf muscles.

Answer 37

heel; Achilles

Question 38

What are the 3 accessories associated with the synovial joint?

Answer 38

1. tendon 2. ligament 3. bursae

Question 39

Tendon:

Answer 39

attaches muscle to bone

Question 40

Ligaments:

Answer 40

attaches bone to bone

Question 41

Bursae:

Answer 41

fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid

Question 42

What are the two ball-and-socket joints?

Answer 42

1. shoulder | 2. hip

Question 43

For the B&S joint of the shoulder, the humerus head fits into [...].

Answer 43

glenoid cavity

Question 44

For the B&S joint of the hip, the femur head fits into [...].

Answer 44

acetabulum

Question 45

The knee is stabilized mainly by the [...] in front and the [...] muscle on the rear of the thigh.

Answer 45

quadriceps tendon; semimembranosus

Question 46

The knee joint cavity contains two C-shaped cartilages:

Answer 46

1. lateral meniscus (fibula) | 2. medial meniscus (tibia)

Question 47

The posterior popliteal region of the knee is supported by [...] and [...] ligaments.

Answer 47

extracapsular; intracapsular

Question 48

What are the two extracapsular ligaments?

Answer 48

1. fibular (lateral) collateral | 2. tibial (medial) collateral

Question 49

What are the two intracapsular ligaments?

Answer 49

1. anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) 2. posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) ** form X