Lab Exam Two: Appendicular Skeleton Flashcards
What bones comprise the pectoral girdle?
- clavicle
2. scapula
Sternoclavicular joint:
medial end + sternum
Acromioclavicular joint:
lateral end + scapula
Glenohumeral joint:
scapula + humerus
The medial end (clavicle) has a […]. While the opposite end ([…]) has a flattened surface.
head; acromial
What are the 3 sides to the scapula?
- superior border
- medial (vertebral) border
- lateral (axillary) border
Suprascapular notch:
nerve passage in the superior border
Subscapular fossa:
anterior surface of the scapula
Where can you find the glenoid cavity? What is its funtion?
lateral angle
shallow socket articulates with the head of the humerus (glenohumeral joint)
What are the upper limb divisions?
- brachium
- antebrachium
- carpus
- manus
What bones are contained in the antebrachium? What is their anatomical position?
radius and ulna
radius is lateral to the ulna
How many bones in the carpus region of the upper limb?
8
How many bones in the manus region of the upper limb?
19
** 5 metacarpals + 14 phalanges
Where is the deltoid tuberosity located? What is its function?
rough area on the lateral surface of the humerus shaft
attach deltoid muscle
Where can you find the coronoid fossa?
middle portion on the distal end of the humerus
Which condyle articulates with the radius? ulna?
capitulum or lateral
trochlea or medial
Where is the radial tuberosity located? What is its function?
medial surface of the radius neck
attach tendon of the biceps muscle
What are at the distal ends of the antebrachial bones?
styloid processes
How many bones compose the pelvic girdle?
three:
two hips bones (ossa coxae) and the sacrum
What is the interpubic disc? What is it composed of?
symphysis pubis
fibrocartilage
What are the three unique markings within the each of the hip bones?
- iliac crest
- acetabulum
- obturator foramen
Iliac crest wraps from the anterior […] to the posterior […].
superior spine
Acetabulum also known as the […].
hip socket
The adult hip bone forms by the fusion of three childhood bones called the …
- ilium
- ischium
- pubis
The femur has a hemispherical […].
head
Femur– Distal to the head is a neck and then two massive, round processes called […] and […].
greater; less trochanters
Femur– At the distal end of the femur are two smooth round surfaces of the knee joint…
- medial epicondyle
2. lateral epicondyle
Femur– What separates the two epicondyles?
intercondyla fossa
The quadriceps femoris tendon extension over the patella…
extends from the anterior quadriceps femoris muscle of the thigh —> patella —> continues as from patella ligament to tibial tuberosity
What are the two bones found in the leg?
- tibia (medial side)
2. fibula (lateral side)
The tibial tuberosity can be palpated […].
just below the patella
At the ankle there is a […] malleolus that is part of the tibia and a(n) […] malleolus that is part of the fibula.
medial; lateral
Fibula helps to…
stabilize the ankle
Which leg bone does not bear any weight?
fibula
The radius/ulna and tibia/fibula are joined together by…
interosseous membrane
Ankle bones are also known as […].
tarsal bones
The calcaneus forms the […] bone and has the attachment of the […] tendon from the calf muscles.
heel; Achilles
What are the 3 accessories associated with the synovial joint?
- tendon
- ligament
- bursae
Tendon:
attaches muscle to bone
Ligaments:
attaches bone to bone
Bursae:
fibrous sac filled with synovial fluid
What are the two ball-and-socket joints?
- shoulder
2. hip
For the B&S joint of the shoulder, the humerus head fits into […].
glenoid cavity
For the B&S joint of the hip, the femur head fits into […].
acetabulum
The knee is stabilized mainly by the […] in front and the […] muscle on the rear of the thigh.
quadriceps tendon; semimembranosus
The knee joint cavity contains two C-shaped cartilages:
- lateral meniscus (fibula)
2. medial meniscus (tibia)
The posterior popliteal region of the knee is supported by […] and […] ligaments.
extracapsular; intracapsular
What are the two extracapsular ligaments?
- fibular (lateral) collateral
2. tibial (medial) collateral
What are the two intracapsular ligaments?
- anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
- posterior cruciate ligament (PCL)
** form X
