Lab Exam Three: Reflex Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Relexes:

A

fast reactions of glands or muscles stimulation

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2
Q

What are the general properties of a reflex?

A
  1. stimulation requirement
  2. quick
  3. involuntary
  4. stereotyped
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3
Q

Inborn (intrinsic) reflex:

A

rapid, predictable motor response to a stimulus

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4
Q

An inborn reflex is […] as it is built into our […] anatomy which is regulated by the […] and spinal cord.

A

unlearned; neural; brain stem

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5
Q

Learned (acquired) reflex:

A

results from practice or repetition

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6
Q

What is an example of a learned reflex?

A

driving a car

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7
Q

T/F: You cannot modify inborn reflexes.

A

false

both types of reflexes can be modified by conscious effort

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8
Q

What is the process of a stimulus?

A

receptor –> sensory neuron –> integration center –> motor neuron –> effector

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9
Q

What are the two functional classifications?

A
  1. somatic reflexes

2. autonomic reflexes

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10
Q

Somatic reflexes:

A

if they activate skeletal muscle

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11
Q

Autonomic reflexes:

A

if they activate visceral effectors

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12
Q

List visceral effectors:

A

smooth, cardiac muscle, glands

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13
Q

What can spinal reflexes be classified as?

A

somatic reflexes

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14
Q

The most commonly assessed reflexes are…

A
  1. stretch reflex
  2. flexor reflex
  3. superficial reflexes
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15
Q

When does spinal shock occur? What is its effect?

A

when the spinal cord is transected

immediately depresses all functions controlled by the cord

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16
Q

Muscle spindles:

A

stretch receptors embedded in the muscles

17
Q

Muscle spindles can also be referred as…

A

proprioceptors

18
Q

What is the function of muscle spindles?

A

inform the brain of muscle length and body movements

19
Q

Muscle spindles– The brain sends […] back to the muscles that control […], posture, […], and corrective reflexes.

A

motor command; muscle tone; coordinated movement

20
Q

When a muscle is suddenly stretched what occurs?

A

contraction occurs, increase of tone, and feels

21
Q

What is the purpose of the stretch reflex?

A

helps to maintain equilibrium and posture

22
Q

Tendon organs are […] located in a tendon near its junction with a […].

A

proprioceptors; muscle

23
Q

Tendon reflex:

A

response to excessive tension on the tendon

24
Q

What is the purpose of the tendon reflex?

A

serves to moderate muscle contraction before it tears a tendon

25
Tendon organs measure...
tension
26
Flexor reflex:
quick contraction of flexor muscles
27
What does a flexor reflex result in?
withdraw of a limb from an injurious stimulus
28
Crossed extension reflex:
contraction of extensor muscles in the limb opposite from the one that is withdrawn
29
The crossed extension reflex [...] that limb and enables you to [...].
extends; keep your balance
30
Superficial reflexes:
elicited by gentle cutaneous stimulation
31
Plantar reflex tests integrity of spinal cord from [...] and [...].
L4-S2; corticospinal tracts
32
Normal plantar reflex response:
toes flex
33
Abnormal plantar reflex response:
toes dorsiflex to great toe and the smaller toes fan laterally
34
Abnormal plantar reflex is also known as...
Babinski's sign
35
What are the two superficial reflexes?
1. plantar reflex | 2. abdominal reflex
36
Abdominal reflex checks the integrity of the [...] and ventral rami from [...] and [...] tracts.
spinal cord; T8-T12; corticospinal
37
Stroking the skin of the lateral abdomen above the umbilicus...
induces a movement of the umbilicus toward the stimulated site