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Anatomy > Connective Tissue > Flashcards

Connective Tissue Flashcards

1
Q

What are the four main classes?

A
  1. connective tissue proper
  2. cartilage
  3. bone
  4. blood
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2
Q

Connective tissue is the most […] and widely […]

A

abundant; distributed

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3
Q

Besides connecting body parts, what are the other functions (5)?

A
  1. binding and supporting
  2. protecting
  3. insulating
  4. storing and reserve fuel
  5. transporting substances
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4
Q

The embryonic tissue of all connective tissue is…

A

mesenchyme

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5
Q

The extracellular matrix allows the tissue to bear […], withstand great […], endure […]

A

bear weight, tension, abuse/trauma

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6
Q

What are the 3 components that make up the CT structure?

A
  1. ground substance
  2. fibers
  3. cells
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7
Q

What are the 3 components of the ground substance?

A
  1. interstitial fluid
  2. cell adhesion proteins
  3. proteoglycans
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8
Q

What are proteoglycans? What is an example of a proteoglycan?

A

protein core where large polysaccharides are attached; also known as GAGs

hyaluronic acid

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9
Q

The more GAG (polysaccharides on protein core) content …

A

the more viscous

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10
Q

What are the 3 types of CT fibers?

A
  1. collagen
  2. elastic
  3. reticular
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11
Q

Collagens go from molecules to […] to fibers

A

fibrils

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12
Q

Which CT fiber is extremely tough and provide high tensile strength?

A

collagen

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13
Q

Describe elastic fibers:

A

long thin fibers that form branching networks in the matrix

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14
Q

Which CT fiber allows them to stretch and recoil?

A

elastic

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15
Q

In what organs can CT elastic fibers be found?

A

skin, lungs, and blood vessel walls

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16
Q

Describe reticular fibers:

A

thicker collagen fibers that form a network

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17
Q

Where can CT reticular fibers be found?

A

abundant where connective tissue is next to other tissue types

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18
Q

What are the 3 immature CT cells?

A
  1. fibroblasts
  2. chondroblasts
  3. osteoblasts
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19
Q

Fibroblasts in […] (tissue) become […].

A

connective tissue proper; fibrocytes/mature

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20
Q

Chondroblasts in […] become […]

A

cartilage; chondrocytes

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21
Q

Osteoblasts in bone become

A

osteocytes

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22
Q

Bloods immature cell is

A

hematopoietic stem cell

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23
Q

Connective tissue proper divisions:

A
  1. loose

2. dense

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24
Q

What tissues lie in the loose connective tissue category?

A
  1. areolar
  2. adipose
  3. reticular
25
Q

What tissues lie in the dense connective tissue category?

A
  1. dense regular
  2. dense irregular
  3. elastic
26
Q

Where can you find areolar tissue? What does it form?

A

widely distributed under epithelial of the body– surrounds capillaries and packages organs

forms lamina propria of mucous membranes

27
Q

What is the function of areolar tissue?

A
  1. wraps and cushions organs
  2. plays an important role in inflammation
  3. holds tissue fluid
28
Q

What types of cells lie in areolar tissue?

A

fibroblasts, macrophages, mast cells, and WBCs

29
Q

Where can you find adipose tissue?

A

subcutaneous layer of skin

under kidneys and eyeballs; within abdomen and breast

30
Q

What is the function of adipose tissue?

A
  1. provides reserve food fuel
  2. insulates against heat loss
  3. supports and protects organs
31
Q

Where can you find reticular tissue?

A

lymphoid organs:

  1. lymph nodes
  2. bone marrow
  3. spleen
32
Q

What is the function of reticular tissue?

A

forms a stroma (internal skeleton) that supports other cell types

33
Q

Where can you find dense regular?

A
  1. tendons

2. ligaments

34
Q

What is the function of dense regular tissue?

A
  1. muscle to muscle/bone attachment

2. bone to bone attachment

35
Q

Dense regular tissue withstands great tensile stress when pulling force is applied in […]. While […] can withstand multiple directions of stress.

A

one direction; dense irregular

36
Q

Where can you find dense irregular tissue?

A
  1. fibrous capsules of organs/joints
  2. dermis
  3. submucosa of digestive tract
37
Q

What is the function of dense irregular tissue?

A

provides structural strength

38
Q

Where can you find elastic tissue?

A
  1. large arteries walls
  2. ligaments of vertebral column
  3. bronchial tubes walls
39
Q

What is within the matrix of bloods connective tissue?

A

plasma (not secreted by the dominant cells hematopoietic)

40
Q

What is the matrix of bone?

A

hard/calcified with many collagen fibers and osteocytes

41
Q

What are the three types of muscle tissue?

A
  1. skeletal
  2. cardiac
  3. smooth
42
Q

Description of skeletal muscle:

A

long, cylindrical, multinucleate cells; obvious striations

43
Q

Where can you find cardiac muscle?

A

the walls of the heart

44
Q

Description of cardiac muscle:

A

branching, striated, uninucleated cells that interdigitate at specialized junctions

45
Q

What are the interdigitate, specialized junctions found within cardiac muscle called?

A

intercalated discs

46
Q

Skeletal muscle — […] movement
Cardiac muscle — […] movement
[…] muscle — involuntary movement

A

voluntary; involuntary; smooth

47
Q

Smooth muscle description:

A

sheets of spindle-shaped with no central nuclei, no striations

48
Q

Where can you find smooth muscle?

A

mostly in the walls of hollow organs

49
Q

What are the three epithelium-bound membranes?

A
  1. cutaneous
  2. mucous
  3. serous
50
Q

The […] cutaneous membrane covers the […] surface.

A

dry; body

51
Q

Mucous membranes line body […] that are […] to the exterior.

A

cavities; open

52
Q

What are some examples of mucous membranes?

A
  1. mucosa of the nasal cavity
  2. mucosa of mouth
  3. esophagus lining
  4. mucosa of lung bronchi
53
Q

Serous membranes line body […] that are […] to the exterior.

A

cavities; closed

54
Q

What are some examples of where serous membranes can be found?

A
  1. parietal/visceral pericardium
  2. parietal/visceral peritoneum
  3. parietal/visceral pleura
55
Q

List the embryonic germ layers:

A
  1. endoderm
  2. ectoderm
  3. mesoderm
56
Q

What germ layer develops nervous tissue?

A

ectoderm

57
Q

Endoderm develops […] tissue.

A

digestive

58
Q

[…] develops muscle and connective tissue.

A

mesoderm

59
Q

What germ layer develops epithelium?

A

all 3 germ layers

Anatomy (31 decks)

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