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BI 121 > Lab 4 (End of Lab Exam 1) > Flashcards

Lab 4 (End of Lab Exam 1) Flashcards

1
Q

Where and what function does FSH do?

A

Pituitary; Regulate gamete production and hormonal activity of gonads

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2
Q

Where and what function does ACTH do?

A

Pituitary; Regulate endocrine activity of adrenal cortex

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3
Q

Where and what function does TSH do?

A

pituitary; Influences metabolism by controlling the growth and activity of the thyroid gland

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4
Q

Where and what function does growth hormone do?

A

pituitary; Muscle and bone growth

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5
Q

Where and what function does prolactin do?

A

pituitary; Stimulate breast development and milk production

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6
Q

Where and what function does oxytocin do?

A

pituitary; Stimulate contractions of uterus and milk ejection

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7
Q

Where and what function does ADH do?

A

Pituitary; reduce urinary output

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8
Q

Where and what function does thyroid hormone do?

A

Thyroid gland; control rate of metabolism

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9
Q

Where and what function does calcitonin do?

A

Thyroid gland; Decrease blood calcium levels by stimulating calcium depositing in bone

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10
Q

Where and what function does PTH do?

A

Parathyroid hormone; causes release of calcium from bone which increase blood calcium levels

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11
Q

Where and what function does epinephrine and norepinephrine do?

A

Adrenal gland; act with sympathetic nervous system to produce the fight/flight response to stress

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12
Q

Where and what function does insulin do?

A

Pancreas; decrease blood sugar levels

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13
Q

Where and what function does glucagon do?

A

Pancreas; increase blood sugar levels

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14
Q

Where and what function does thymosins do?

A

Thymus gland; affect production and differentiation of T-lymphocytes

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15
Q

Where and what function does testosterone do?

A

Testes; stimulation formation of male reproductive organs and secondary sex characteristics

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16
Q

Where and what function does progesterone and estrogen do?

A

Ovaries; stimulation formation of female reproductive organs

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17
Q

Where and what function does melatonin do?

A

Pineal gland; activate reticular formation in medulla oblongata which regulate circadian rhythm

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18
Q

Set of cells that perform a function

A

Tissue

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19
Q

Where does a tissue fit in the hierarchy of organization?

A

Cells and organs

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20
Q

What are the 4 basic types of animal tissue?

A

Connective, epithelium, muscle, nervous

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21
Q

Where and what is the function of epithelium?

A

Found throughout the body, lines cavities and body surfaces, protection, secretion, absorption, excretion, sensation

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22
Q

Attached surface

A

Basal lamina (basement membrane)

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23
Q

Exposed to a space

A

Apical surface

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24
Q

Squamous cells that secrete keratin

A

Keratinocytes

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25
Q

Where are keratinocytes found?

A

Epidermis

26
Q

What do simple squamous epithelium line?

A

Alveoli, blood, lymph vessels

27
Q

What do stratified squamous epithelium line?

A

Oral cavity, vagina, anal canal

28
Q

What do simple cuboidal epithelium line?

A

Kidney tubules, ovaries, ducts of some glands

29
Q

What do simple columnar epithelium line?

A

Stomach and intestines

30
Q

What do ciliated pseudostratified columnar epithelium line?

A

Respiratory passages

31
Q

What do transitional epithelium line?

A

Urinary bladder

32
Q

Material between cells

A

Matrix

33
Q

Proteins created by fibroblasts that provide support

A

Fibers

34
Q

Consistency ranges fluid to solid; made of glycoproteins and large polysaccharide molecules

A

Ground substance

35
Q

What are the functions of connective tissue?

A

Bind structures together, fill in spaces, support, protection, store fat, transport fluid and dissolved materials

36
Q

What are the 2 cell types of connective tissue?

A

Fixed and wandering

37
Q

Produce fibers; fixed

A

Fibroblasts

38
Q

Release heparin and histamine; fixed

A

Mast cells

39
Q

Phagocytic; wandering

A

Macrophages

40
Q

What are the 3 fiber types in connective tissue?

A

Collagen, elastic, reticular

41
Q

Long parallel bundles, flexible with tensile strength

A

Collagen fibers

42
Q

Thin collagen

A

Reticular fibers

43
Q

Branching network, stretch and resume normal shape and strength

A

Elastic fibers

44
Q

Where are collagen fibers found in?

A

Tendon and ligaments

45
Q

Where are reticular fibers found in?

A

Lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow

46
Q

Where are elastic fibers found in?

A

Vocal cords and air passages

47
Q

Rigid matrix, chondrocytes in lacunae, poor blood supply

A

Cartilage

48
Q

What are the 3 types of cartilage?

A

Hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage

49
Q

Flexible cartilage

A

Elastic cartilage

50
Q

Where is elastic cartilage found in?

A

External ear, larynx

51
Q

Most abundant cartilage

A

Hyaline cartilage

52
Q

Where is hyaline cartilage found in?

A

Ends of long bones, nose, respiratory passages, embryonic skeleton

53
Q

Very tough and shock absorbing cartilage

A

Fibrocartilage

54
Q

Where is fibrocartilage found in?

A

Intervertebral disc, pads of knee and pelvic girdle

55
Q

Collagenous and elastic fibers, good blood supply, delicate thin membranes

A

Areolar (loose) connective tissue

56
Q

Where is areolar/loose connective tissue found in?

A

Bind skin to underlying organ, fill spaces between muscles, beneath epithelial layers

57
Q

Numerous collagenous fibers, cells are mainly fibroblasts, can be regular or irregular

A

Dense connective tissue

58
Q

Where are dense connective tissues found in?

A

Tendons and ligaments, dermis of skin

59
Q

Stores fat, insulates and cushions

A

Adipose connective tissue

60
Q

Where is adipose connective tissue found in?

A

Beneath skin

61
Q

Supports internal organ walls

A

Reticular connective tissue

62
Q

Where is reticular connective tissue found in?

A

Spleen, liver, lymphatic organs

BI 121 (28 decks)

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