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BI 121 > Intro to Anatomy and Physiology > Flashcards

Intro to Anatomy and Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

Scientific study of life

A

Biology

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2
Q

Study of structures of the body

A

Anatomy

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3
Q

Study of functions of the body

A

Physiology

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4
Q

Specific ____ are performed by specific _____

A

functions, structures

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5
Q

What is the hierarchy of organization from smallest to largest?

A

Chemical/molecular, cellular, tissue, organ, organ system, organism

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6
Q

What are the 4 principle types of tissue?

A

Epithelium, connective, nervous, muscle

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7
Q

Lines or covers organs

A

Epithelium

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8
Q

Fills in spaces, structural support, transport materials

A

Connective tissue

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9
Q

Movement, posture, body temperature

A

Muscle tissue

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10
Q

Conducts electrical impulses

A

Nervous tissue

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11
Q

Protection from environmental hazards; temperature control

A

Integumentary system

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12
Q

What are some example organs from the integumentary system?

A

Skin, nails, hair

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13
Q

Protection of soft tissues, mineral storage, blood formation

A

Skeletal system

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14
Q

What are some example organs from the skeletal system?

A

Bone, cartilage

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15
Q

Locomotion, heat production and support

A

Muscular system

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16
Q

What are some example organs of the muscular system?

A

Muscles and tendon

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17
Q

Directing immediate responses to stimuli, coordinate activities of other organ systems

A

Nervous system

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18
Q

What are some example organs of the nervous system?

A

Brain, spinal cord

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19
Q

Directing long-term changes in other organ systems

A

Endocrine system

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20
Q

What are some example organs from the endocrine system?

A

Pancreas, thymus, kidney

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21
Q

Internal transport of cells and dissolved materials

A

Cardiovascular system

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22
Q

What are some example organs of the cardiovascular system?

A

Heart, veins, arteries, blood

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23
Q

Defense agains infection and disease

A

Lymphatic system

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24
Q

What are some example organs from the lymphatic system?

A

Lymph nodes, spleen

25
Q

Transport or air to and from sites of gas exchange between air and blood

A

Respiratory system

26
Q

What are some example organs from the respiratory system?

A

Alveoli, lungs

27
Q

Production of sex cells and hormones

A

Reproductive system

28
Q

What are some example organs from the reproductive system?

A

Penis, vagina, ovaries

29
Q

Elimination of excess water, salts, and waste products

A

Urinary system

30
Q

What are some example organs from the urinary system?

A

Bladder, urethra, ureters

31
Q

All the fluid surrounding the cells

A

Extracellular fluid

32
Q

All body systems working together to maintain a stable internal environment

A

Homeostasis

33
Q

Movement of a variable in one direction causes the body to enact processes that cause the variable to move in the opposite direction

A

Negative feedback

34
Q

Body increases the change of the stimulus, moves away from homeostasis, alters the variable even more in the same direction

A

Positive Feedback

35
Q

What is an example of positive feedback?

A

Blood clotting, contractions during birth

36
Q

What terminates positive feedback?

A

External factors

37
Q

Why is negative feedback more common?

A

Every time a variable starts changing too much we have to bring it back to normal levels

38
Q

Plane that splits body into right and left portions

A

Sagittal

39
Q

Plane that splits the body equally into right and left portions

A

Midsagittal

40
Q

Plane that splits body into anterior and posterior portion

A

Frontal plane

41
Q

Plane that splits body into superior and inferior portions

A

Transverse

42
Q

Internal chambers in which many organs are suspended

A

Body cavities

43
Q

What are the 2 functions of body cavities?

A

Protect internal organs, permit changes in size and shape of internal organs

44
Q

Slippery and delicate membrane that allows fro movement of organs

A

Serous membrane

45
Q

What is the serous membrane consisted of?

A

visceral and parietal layer

46
Q

Layer that lines the cavity

A

Parietal

47
Q

Layer that lines the organ

A

Visceral

48
Q

What does the dorsal body cavity consist of?

A

Cranial and vertebral cavity

49
Q

What makes up the ventral body cavity?

A

Thoracic and abdominopelvic cavity

50
Q

Serous membrane that lies on top of lung tissue

A

visceral pleura

51
Q

Serous membrane that lines the body wall; outside layer

A

Parietal pleura

52
Q

Space between visceral and parietal pleura

A

Pleural cavity

53
Q

Serous membrane that lies on top of the heart

A

Visceral pericardium

54
Q

Outermost layer in the pericardial cavity

A

Parietal pericardium

55
Q

Space between visceral and parietal pericardium

A

Pericardial cavity

56
Q

Lies against the body wall in abdominal cavity

A

Parietal peritoneum

57
Q

Lies on top of abdominal organs

A

Visceral peritoneum

58
Q

Space between parietal and visceral peritoneum

A

Peritoneal cavity

59
Q

Space behind parietal peritoneum (contains some organs)

A

Retroperitoneal cavity

BI 121 (28 decks)

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