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BI 121 > Joints (End of Exam 2) > Flashcards

Joints (End of Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

2 bones meet or join

A

Joints

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2
Q

Scientific study of joints

A

Arthrology

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3
Q

Study of motion

A

Kinesiology

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4
Q

What determines the direction and distance of movement (ROM)

A

Joint structure

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5
Q

What happens to joint strength as mobility increases?

A

Decrease

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6
Q

What are the 2 methods of joint classification?

A

Structure and function

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7
Q

What are the 4 structural classifications of joints?

A

Bony fusion, fibrous joint, synovial joint, cartilaginous joint

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8
Q

Bones fuse together

A

Bony fusion

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9
Q

Bones are interlocked by dense connective tissue

A

Fibrous joint

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10
Q

Bones are interlocked by cartilage

A

Cartilaginous joint

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11
Q

Bones connected by a connective tissue capsule that surrounds a lubricated cavity

A

Synovial joint

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12
Q

What are the 3 functional classifications of a joint?

A

Synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis

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13
Q

No movement

A

Synarthrosis

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14
Q

Little movement

A

Amphiarthrosis

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15
Q

Freely movable

A

Diarthrosis

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16
Q

Rigid immovable joints

A

Synostoses

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17
Q

Is synostoses synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis or diarthrosis? Example?

A

synarthroses; epiphyseal lines

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18
Q

Only between bones of skull

A

Suture

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19
Q

Are sutures synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis or diarthrosis? Example?

A

synarthrosis, sagittal suture

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20
Q

Binds tooth to socket

A

Gomphoses

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21
Q

Is gomphoses synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis or diarthrosis?

A

Synarthroses

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22
Q

What are the 3 types of fibrous joints?

A

Gomphoses, sutures, interosseous membrane

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23
Q

Sheet of connective tissue that binds neighboring long bones

A

Interosseous membrane

24
Q

Is interosseous membrane synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis or diarthrosis? Example?

A

Amphiarthrosis; tibia and fibula

25
Q

What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints?

A

Synchondroses, symphyses

26
Q

Joints where diaphysis and epiphysis connect

A

Synchondroses

27
Q

Is synchondroses synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis or diarthrosis? Example?

A

Synarthroses, epiphyseal plates

28
Q

Connected by fibrocartilage

A

Symphyses

29
Q

Are symphyses synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis or diarthrosis? Example?

A

Amphiarthrosis; pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs

30
Q

Movement around 1 axis

A

Monoaxial

31
Q

Movement around 2 axes

A

Biaxial

32
Q

Movement around 3 axes

A

triaxial

33
Q

Thick layer of dense connective tissue that encloses the synovial joint cavity

A

Articular capsule

34
Q

Lined on the inside with synovial membrane

A

Fibrous membrane

35
Q

Contains fibroblasts that secrete synovial fluid into synovial cavity

A

Synovial membrane

36
Q

Nourishes articular cartilage; shock absorption and lubrication

A

Synovial fluid

37
Q

Reinforce and strengthen capsule; localized thickening of capsule

A

Accessory ligaments

38
Q

Cartilage at the ends of long bone, shock absorber so bones don’t hit each other

A

Articular cartilage

39
Q

Pad of fibrocartilage which is a better fit between articulating surfaces; shock absorption

A

Meniscus

40
Q

Localized masses of adipose tissue

A

Fat pad

41
Q

Small, synovial fluid filled connective tissue pockets; reduces friction

A

Bursae

42
Q

What happens to the strength of a joint if it is more mobile?

A

Weaker

43
Q

What are the factors that affect range of motion at synovial joints?

A

Contact of soft parts, arrangement and tension of muscle, mobility, structure or shape, strength and tension of ligaments

44
Q

What is an example of a planar joint? Is it monoaxial, biaxial or triaxial?

A

between carpals and tarsals; biaxial

45
Q

What is an example of a hinge joint? Is it monoaxial, biaxial, or triaxial?

A

Elbow; monoaxial

46
Q

What is an example of a pivot joint? Is it monoaxial, biaxial, or triaxial?

A

Atlas/axis and radioulnar joint; monoaxial

47
Q

What is an example of a condyloid joint? Is it monoaxial, biaxial, or triaxial?

A

radius with carpals and metacarpophalangeal joint; biaxial

48
Q

What is an example of a saddle joint? Is it monoaxial, biaxial, or triaxial?

A

carpometacarpal joint of thumb; biaxial

49
Q

What is an example of a ball-and-socket joint? Is it monoaxial, biaxial, or triaxial?

A

Head of humerus and glenoid cavity; triaxial

50
Q

Synovial joints are swollen, stiff, painful

A

Arthritis

51
Q

Slow deterioration of articular cartilage produces bone spurs; afflicts larger joints

A

Osteoarthritis

52
Q

Occurs when sodium urate crystals form within synovial joints

A

Gouty arthritis

53
Q

Autoimmune disorder, cartilage attacked, primary symptom is inflammation and swelling of synovial membrane causing the fusion of joints

A

Reumatoid arthritis

54
Q

What is the only bony fusion joint?

A

Synostoses

55
Q

What are the 3 types of fibrous joints?

A

Gomphoses, sutures, interosseous membrane

56
Q

What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints?

A

Synchondroses, symphyses

BI 121 (28 decks)

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