Joints (End of Exam 2)

Question 1

2 bones meet or join

Answer 1

Joints

Question 2

Scientific study of joints

Answer 2

Arthrology

Question 3

Study of motion

Answer 3

Kinesiology

Question 4

What determines the direction and distance of movement (ROM)

Answer 4

Joint structure

Question 5

What happens to joint strength as mobility increases?

Answer 5

Decrease

Question 6

What are the 2 methods of joint classification?

Answer 6

Structure and function

Question 7

What are the 4 structural classifications of joints?

Answer 7

Bony fusion, fibrous joint, synovial joint, cartilaginous joint

Question 8

Bones fuse together

Answer 8

Bony fusion

Question 9

Bones are interlocked by dense connective tissue

Answer 9

Fibrous joint

Question 10

Bones are interlocked by cartilage

Answer 10

Cartilaginous joint

Question 11

Bones connected by a connective tissue capsule that surrounds a lubricated cavity

Answer 11

Synovial joint

Question 12

What are the 3 functional classifications of a joint?

Answer 12

Synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis, diarthrosis

Question 13

No movement

Answer 13

Synarthrosis

Question 14

Little movement

Answer 14

Amphiarthrosis

Question 15

Freely movable

Answer 15

Diarthrosis

Question 16

Rigid immovable joints

Answer 16

Synostoses

Question 17

Is synostoses synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis or diarthrosis? Example?

Answer 17

synarthroses; epiphyseal lines

Question 18

Only between bones of skull

Answer 18

Suture

Question 19

Are sutures synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis or diarthrosis? Example?

Answer 19

synarthrosis, sagittal suture

Question 20

Binds tooth to socket

Answer 20

Gomphoses

Question 21

Is gomphoses synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis or diarthrosis?

Answer 21

Synarthroses

Question 22

What are the 3 types of fibrous joints?

Answer 22

Gomphoses, sutures, interosseous membrane

Question 23

Sheet of connective tissue that binds neighboring long bones

Answer 23

Interosseous membrane

Question 24

Is interosseous membrane synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis or diarthrosis? Example?

Answer 24

Amphiarthrosis; tibia and fibula

Question 25

What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints?

Answer 25

Synchondroses, symphyses

Question 26

Joints where diaphysis and epiphysis connect

Answer 26

Synchondroses

Question 27

Is synchondroses synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis or diarthrosis? Example?

Answer 27

Synarthroses, epiphyseal plates

Question 28

Connected by fibrocartilage

Answer 28

Symphyses

Question 29

Are symphyses synarthrosis, amphiarthrosis or diarthrosis? Example?

Answer 29

Amphiarthrosis; pubic symphysis and intervertebral discs

Question 30

Movement around 1 axis

Answer 30

Monoaxial

Question 31

Movement around 2 axes

Answer 31

Biaxial

Question 32

Movement around 3 axes

Answer 32

triaxial

Question 33

Thick layer of dense connective tissue that encloses the synovial joint cavity

Answer 33

Articular capsule

Question 34

Lined on the inside with synovial membrane

Answer 34

Fibrous membrane

Question 35

Contains fibroblasts that secrete synovial fluid into synovial cavity

Answer 35

Synovial membrane

Question 36

Nourishes articular cartilage; shock absorption and lubrication

Answer 36

Synovial fluid

Question 37

Reinforce and strengthen capsule; localized thickening of capsule

Answer 37

Accessory ligaments

Question 38

Cartilage at the ends of long bone, shock absorber so bones don't hit each other

Answer 38

Articular cartilage

Question 39

Pad of fibrocartilage which is a better fit between articulating surfaces; shock absorption

Answer 39

Meniscus

Question 40

Localized masses of adipose tissue

Answer 40

Fat pad

Question 41

Small, synovial fluid filled connective tissue pockets; reduces friction

Answer 41

Bursae

Question 42

What happens to the strength of a joint if it is more mobile?

Answer 42

Weaker

Question 43

What are the factors that affect range of motion at synovial joints?

Answer 43

Contact of soft parts, arrangement and tension of muscle, mobility, structure or shape, strength and tension of ligaments

Question 44

What is an example of a planar joint? Is it monoaxial, biaxial or triaxial?

Answer 44

between carpals and tarsals; biaxial

Question 45

What is an example of a hinge joint? Is it monoaxial, biaxial, or triaxial?

Answer 45

Elbow; monoaxial

Question 46

What is an example of a pivot joint? Is it monoaxial, biaxial, or triaxial?

Answer 46

Atlas/axis and radioulnar joint; monoaxial

Question 47

What is an example of a condyloid joint? Is it monoaxial, biaxial, or triaxial?

Answer 47

radius with carpals and metacarpophalangeal joint; biaxial

Question 48

What is an example of a saddle joint? Is it monoaxial, biaxial, or triaxial?

Answer 48

carpometacarpal joint of thumb; biaxial

Question 49

What is an example of a ball-and-socket joint? Is it monoaxial, biaxial, or triaxial?

Answer 49

Head of humerus and glenoid cavity; triaxial

Question 50

Synovial joints are swollen, stiff, painful

Answer 50

Arthritis

Question 51

Slow deterioration of articular cartilage produces bone spurs; afflicts larger joints

Answer 51

Osteoarthritis

Question 52

Occurs when sodium urate crystals form within synovial joints

Answer 52

Gouty arthritis

Question 53

Autoimmune disorder, cartilage attacked, primary symptom is inflammation and swelling of synovial membrane causing the fusion of joints

Answer 53

Reumatoid arthritis

Question 54

What is the only bony fusion joint?

Answer 54

Synostoses

Question 55

What are the 3 types of fibrous joints?

Answer 55

Gomphoses, sutures, interosseous membrane

Question 56

What are the 2 types of cartilaginous joints?

Answer 56

Synchondroses, symphyses