Lab 2 Flashcards
What is the formula for total magnification?
Eyepiece magnification x objective magnification (4x,10x, or 40x)
Amount of detail that can be seen
Resolution
Distance across field of vision, measured in microns
Width of field
Depth/layer in view
Depth of field
What happens to resolution, width of field and depth of field as magnification increases?
increase, decrease, stays the same
All objectives will be in focus when 1 objective is in focus
Parfocal
internal material between the cell membrane and nucleus of a cell, mainly consisting of a water-based fluid called cytosol, within which are all the other organelles and cellular solute and suspended materials
Cytoplasm
small appendage on certain cells formed by microtubules and modified for movement of materials across the cellular surface
Cilia
appendage on certain cells formed by microtubules and modified for movement
Flagella
cellular organelle formed by a series of flattened, membrane-bound sacs that functions in protein modification, tagging, packaging, and transport
Golgi body
small, self-replicating organelle that provides the origin for microtubule growth and moves DNA during cell division
centriole
one of the cellular organelles bound by a double lipid bilayer that function primarily in the production of cellular energy (ATP)
Mitochondria
membrane-bound cellular organelle originating from the Golgi apparatus and containing digestive enzymes
Lysosome
membrane-bound organelle that contains enzymes primarily responsible for detoxifying harmful substances
Peroxisome
cellular organelle that functions in protein synthesis
Ribosome
cell’s central organelle; contains the cell’s DNA
Nucleus
allows for mitosis and meiosis, prevents chromosome breakage and controls gene expression and DNA replication
Chromatin
Carries genetic information in the form of genes
Chromosome
forms the external boundary of the cytoplasm of a cell
Cell membrane
a small dense spherical structure in the nucleus of a cell during interphase.
Nucleolus
Projections from cells that help increase surface area and absorption
Microvilli
any of a number of organized or specialized structures within a living cell.
Organelle
synthesis and modification of proteins destined for the cell membrane or for export from the cell
Rough ER
Lipid synthesis, control levels of calcium
Smooth Er
the thinnest of the cytoskeletal filaments; composed of actin subunits that function in muscle contraction and cellular structural support
Microfilament
the thickest of the cytoskeletal filaments, composed of tubulin subunits that function in cellular movement and structural support
Microtubule
What happens during prophase?
Chromatin become chromosome; nuclear membrane disappear
What happens during metaphase?
Chromosomes line up at metaphase plate
What happens during anaphase?
Sister chromatids separate
What happens during telekinesis?
Division is almost complete, nuclear membrane reappears, chromosomes become chromatin
What happens during cytokinesis?
Cell becomes 2 new cells
