L21 - condensed Flashcards
True or False: Abx are naturally occuring while anti-microbials are man made
True
Penicillins, cephalosporins, and aminoglycosides are examples of ____
Sulfa, fluroquinolones, and oxazolidinones are examples of _____
Abx
Antimicrobial
Beta-lactams, aminoglycosides, and fluroquinolones are _____
A. bactericidal
B. bacteriostatic
A. bactericidal
True or False: Gram (+) have more layers of peptidoglycan while gram (-) have OM and express LPS
TRue
What do beta lactams and vancomycin target?
A. Cell wall
B. Membrane
C. Nucleic acids
D. Proteins
A. Cell wall
What do daptomycin and polymixins target?
A. Cell wall
B. Membrane
C. Nucleic acids
D. Proteins
B. Membrane
True or False: Sulfa/fluroqun target DNA synthesis while Rifamycins/Fidaxomicin targets RNA synthesis
True
____ directly damages nucleic acids
Metronidazole
_____: Mechanism of resistance by which bacterium by which bacterium acquires resistance via genes on plasmid or from phage
____: Bacterium alters target/activates countermeasures
Transmissible
Inducible
____: Lowest dose that stops visual growth at 24 hrs
____: Lowest dose required to kill 99.9% of bacteria in 24 hrs
MIC (minimum inhibitory concentration)
MBC (bactercidal)
_____: The MIC above which a given microbe is no longer sensitive to the drug
Breakpoint
Selecting a drug on basis of known pathogen with known susceptibility is ____ therapy while ___ therapy is tarting patient based on “best guess”
rational; empiric
True or False: Rational therapy often involves broad spectrum drugs
False - empiric does
Describe the different between time and concentration dependent?
Time dependent means maximize time>MIC – dose frequently or via infusion
Concentration dependent means to maximize Cmax/MIC by giving highest dose you can (AUC will increase too)
Which two pathogens cause pneumonia? Gastroenteritis? Meningitis? Skin and soft tissue infections?
Pneumonia
1) Strep pneumo
2) Klebsiella
Gastroenteritis
1) C. dif
Meningitis
1) N. meningitis
Skin/Soft Tissue
1) S. aureus
