L 23: Cephalosporins Flashcards
Cefazolin, Cephelexin, and Cefadroxil belong to which generation?
A. 1st
B. 2nd
C. 3rd
A. 1st
Cefoxitin, Cefuroxime, and Cefotetan belong to which generation?
A. 1st
B. 2nd
C. 3rd
B. 2nd
Cefepime is a ___ generation cephalosporin
4th gen
Ceftraoline and Ceftolozane + tazobactam are ___ generation
5th
True or False: 4th/5th gen cephalo’s are only given via IV
True
True or False: Cephalos have the same MOA as Penicillins
True (bind PBP’s and prevent wall cross links)
None of the cephalosporins except ____, 5th gen, has activity against ORSA
Ceftaroline
True or False: Gram negative efficacy increases in subsequent generations
True
R1 on cephalos is associated with ____ changes with R2 is associated with ____
R1 - antibacterial
R2 - metabolism
Why are cephalo gen 1-4 LAME?
no activity against
L - listeria
A - atypicals
M - mrsa
E - enterococci
Which three gen cephalo is best for p. auero?
Ceftazidme
Which 3rd gen is good for meningitis / gonorrhea but not pseudomonas?
Ceftriaxone
___ is a first gen cephalo that is good for gram (+) infections and is given IV
cefazolin
True or False: 1st and 2nd gen cephalos do not usually enter CNS while Cefuroxime (2nd gen) does enter CNS/ocular fluids
True
Which three gen and 4th gen enter CNS?
3rd gen
Ceftriazone
Certeazidime
4th gen
Cefepime
True or False: Altered PBP’s with low affinity for b-lactams is important resistance mode
True
What is the major source of cephalosporin resistance?
Lactamases
____ the only parenteral 1st gen cephalosporin
Cefazolin
True or False: Cefazolin is good for some gram (-) enterics, e.g PECK
True
True or False: Cephalexin and Cefadroxil are oral 1st gen cephs
True
Which two 2nd gen cephs work for anaerobes (including B. fragilis)?
Cefoxitin and Cefotetan
True or False: Cefuroxime as good CNS penetration, but inferior to 3rd gen for meningitis
True
____ and ____ are injectable only
Cefoxitin and Cefotetan
Cephamycins are notable for activity against ___ anaerobes
bacteroides
Which ceph is choice for prophylaxis in surgery of abdominal/pelvic cavity?
cefoxitin
True or False: 3rd gen cephs are better than 2nd for gram (-)
true
___ is useful against P. aeruginosa and is stable to b-lactamase made be P. aeruoginosa
Ceftazidime
____ is a 3rd gen cephalosporin with extensive billiary clearance, good penetration of CSF
Ceftriaxone
Which drug is recommended for N. gonorrhea?
ceftriazone
Two limitations against ceftriaxone?
poor activity against P. aeruginoa
no activity against orsa
____ is the only 4th gen cephalosporin available in US
cefepime
Which two cephalos can cause bleeding?
Cefazolin and cefotetan
