L 23: Cephalosporins

Question 1

Cefazolin, Cephelexin, and Cefadroxil belong to which generation?
A. 1st
B. 2nd
C. 3rd

Answer 1

A. 1st

Question 2

Cefoxitin, Cefuroxime, and Cefotetan belong to which generation?
A. 1st
B. 2nd
C. 3rd

Answer 2

B. 2nd

Question 3

Cefepime is a ___ generation cephalosporin

Answer 3

4th gen

Question 4

Ceftraoline and Ceftolozane + tazobactam are ___ generation

Answer 4

5th

Question 5

True or False: 4th/5th gen cephalo’s are only given via IV

Answer 5

True

Question 6

True or False: Cephalos have the same MOA as Penicillins

Answer 6

True (bind PBP’s and prevent wall cross links)

Question 7

None of the cephalosporins except ____, 5th gen, has activity against ORSA

Answer 7

Ceftaroline

Question 8

True or False: Gram negative efficacy increases in subsequent generations

Answer 8

True

Question 9

R1 on cephalos is associated with ____ changes with R2 is associated with ____

Answer 9

R1 - antibacterial
R2 - metabolism

Question 10

Why are cephalo gen 1-4 LAME?

Answer 10

no activity against
L - listeria
A - atypicals
M - mrsa
E - enterococci

Question 11

Which three gen cephalo is best for p. auero?

Answer 11

Ceftazidme

Question 12

Which 3rd gen is good for meningitis / gonorrhea but not pseudomonas?

Answer 12

Ceftriaxone

Question 13

___ is a first gen cephalo that is good for gram (+) infections and is given IV

Answer 13

cefazolin

Question 14

True or False: 1st and 2nd gen cephalos do not usually enter CNS while Cefuroxime (2nd gen) does enter CNS/ocular fluids

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Which three gen and 4th gen enter CNS?

Answer 15

3rd gen
Ceftriazone
Certeazidime

4th gen
Cefepime

Question 16

True or False: Altered PBP’s with low affinity for b-lactams is important resistance mode

Answer 16

True

Question 17

What is the major source of cephalosporin resistance?

Answer 17

Lactamases

Question 18

____ the only parenteral 1st gen cephalosporin

Answer 18

Cefazolin

Question 19

True or False: Cefazolin is good for some gram (-) enterics, e.g PECK

Answer 19

True

Question 20

True or False: Cephalexin and Cefadroxil are oral 1st gen cephs

Answer 20

True

Question 21

Which two 2nd gen cephs work for anaerobes (including B. fragilis)?

Answer 21

Cefoxitin and Cefotetan

Question 22

True or False: Cefuroxime as good CNS penetration, but inferior to 3rd gen for meningitis

Answer 22

True

Question 23

____ and ____ are injectable only

Answer 23

Cefoxitin and Cefotetan

Question 24

Cephamycins are notable for activity against ___ anaerobes

Answer 24

bacteroides

Question 25

Which ceph is choice for prophylaxis in surgery of abdominal/pelvic cavity?

Answer 25

cefoxitin

Question 26

True or False: 3rd gen cephs are better than 2nd for gram (-)

Answer 26

true

Question 27

___ is useful against P. aeruginosa and is stable to b-lactamase made be P. aeruoginosa

Answer 27

Ceftazidime

Question 28

____ is a 3rd gen cephalosporin with extensive billiary clearance, good penetration of CSF

Answer 28

Ceftriaxone

Question 29

Which drug is recommended for N. gonorrhea?

Answer 29

ceftriazone

Question 30

Two limitations against ceftriaxone?

Answer 30

poor activity against P. aeruginoa

no activity against orsa

Question 31

____ is the only 4th gen cephalosporin available in US

Answer 31

cefepime

Question 32

Which two cephalos can cause bleeding?

Answer 32

Cefazolin and cefotetan