KIN 100 - The Back (lecture 3)

Question 1

How many vertabrae total in adults

Answer 1

33

Question 2

How many cervical vertabrae

Answer 2

7

Question 3

How many thoracic vertabrae

Answer 3

12

Question 4

How many lumbar vertabrae

Answer 4

5

Question 5

How many sacral vertabrae that fuse to become the scrum

Answer 5

5

Question 6

How many coccygal that fuse to become the coccyx

Answer 6

4

Question 7

Where is movement permitted in terms of vertebrae

Answer 7

between vertebrae in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar areas

Question 8

What kind of movements can be made with the vertebral column

Answer 8

Forward Flexion, Lateral flexion, extension, rotation

Question 9

Cervical body size and shape

Answer 9

Small and rectangular

Question 10

Thoracic body size and shape

Answer 10

Medium and heart shaped; have costal facets for ribs

Question 11

Lumbar body size and shape

Answer 11

Large and kidney shaped

Question 12

Cervical Transverse processes

Answer 12

Contain foramina for passage of the vertebral arteries

Question 13

Thoracic transverse processes contain …

Answer 13

Have articular facets for ribs

Question 14

Lumbar transverse processes

Answer 14

Long and slender

Question 15

Cervical Spinous process

Answer 15

bifid

Question 16

Thoracic spinous process

Answer 16

long and slender

Question 17

Lumbar spinous process

Answer 17

short and hatchet shaped

Question 18

Cervical articular facets

Answer 18

facing superiorly, and inferiorly, allowing for movement in all directions

Question 19

Thoracic articular facets

Answer 19

Facing anteriorly and posteriorly, allowing for roation and lateral flexion

Question 20

lumbar articular facets

Answer 20

facing medially and laterally, allowing for flexion and extension

Question 21

intervertebral discs : what are the joints of the vertebral bodies

Answer 21

secondary cartilaginous joints called symphyses

Question 22

What 2 things are the intervertebral discs composed of
What do they allow

Answer 22

1. Outer annulus fibrosus
2. Inner nucleus pulposes

Movement and shock absorbers

Question 23

What are the joints of the vertebral arches called

Answer 23

zygapophyseal or facet joints

Question 24

What kind of synovial joint is formed by the articulations between superior and inferior articular facets of adjacent vertebrae

Answer 24

Plane/gliding joint

Question 25

How is the Atlanto-occipital joint formed and

Answer 25

By the articulation between the atlas (C1) and the occipital bone of the skull

Question 26

How is the Atlanto-Axial Joint formed

Answer 26

- formed by the articulation between the atlas (C1) and the dens of the axis (C2) -

Question 27

4 vertebral curvatures

Answer 27

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral

Question 28

Describe the vertebral curvatures in a fetus

Answer 28

all 4 are concave anteriorly (primary curvature)

Question 29

Describe the cervical curvature of a baby who can hold their head up

Answer 29

convex anteriorly , they are secondary/lordotic

Question 30

Describe the lumbar curvature of a toddler who is starting to stand/walk

Answer 30

convex anteriorly, they are lordotic/secondary

Question 31

What two vertebral curvatures are primary/khyphotic

Answer 31

Thoracic and Sacral

Question 32

Describe the curvature kyphosis (hunchback)

Answer 32

an exaggerated thoracic curvature - common with old age and osteoporosis

Question 33

Describe the curvature lordosis (swayback)

Answer 33

an exaggerated lumbar curvature - common in pregnancy and obesity

Question 34

Describe the curvature scoliosis

Answer 34

vertebral column deviates from side to side

Question 35

What are deep back muscles also known as and their function

Answer 35

Intrinsic back muscles - maintain posture and control movements of the vertebral column

Question 36

The three back muscles of the erector spinae group, most lateral to medial

Answer 36

1. Iliocostalis 2. Longissimus 3. Spinalis

Question 37

Iliocostalis attachment

Answer 37

to the ribs

Question 38

Spinalis attachment

Answer 38

spinous processes

Question 39

What kind of synovial joint is the Atlanto occipital joint What movement does it permit

Answer 39

Condyloid joint Flexion and extension of the head , nodding yes

Question 40

What kind of synovial joint is the atlanto axial joint What movement does it permit

Answer 40

Pivot joint Rotation of head, shaking no

Question 41

What two curvatures in the vertebral column are secondary/lordotic

Answer 41

Cervical and lumbar