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Term 2! > KIN 100 - The Back (lecture 3) > Flashcards

KIN 100 - The Back (lecture 3) Flashcards

1
Q

How many vertabrae total in adults

A

33

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2
Q

How many cervical vertabrae

A

7

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3
Q

How many thoracic vertabrae

A

12

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4
Q

How many lumbar vertabrae

A

5

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5
Q

How many sacral vertabrae that fuse to become the scrum

A

5

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6
Q

How many coccygal that fuse to become the coccyx

A

4

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7
Q

Where is movement permitted in terms of vertebrae

A

between vertebrae in the cervical, thoracic and lumbar areas

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8
Q

What kind of movements can be made with the vertebral column

A

Forward Flexion, Lateral flexion, extension, rotation

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9
Q

Cervical body size and shape

A

Small and rectangular

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10
Q

Thoracic body size and shape

A

Medium and heart shaped; have costal facets for ribs

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11
Q

Lumbar body size and shape

A

Large and kidney shaped

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12
Q

Cervical Transverse processes

A

Contain foramina for passage of the vertebral arteries

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13
Q

Thoracic transverse processes contain …

A

Have articular facets for ribs

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14
Q

Lumbar transverse processes

A

Long and slender

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15
Q

Cervical Spinous process

A

bifid

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16
Q

Thoracic spinous process

A

long and slender

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17
Q

Lumbar spinous process

A

short and hatchet shaped

18
Q

Cervical articular facets

A

facing superiorly, and inferiorly, allowing for movement in all directions

19
Q

Thoracic articular facets

A

Facing anteriorly and posteriorly, allowing for roation and lateral flexion

20
Q

lumbar articular facets

A

facing medially and laterally, allowing for flexion and extension

21
Q

intervertebral discs : what are the joints of the vertebral bodies

A

secondary cartilaginous joints called symphyses

22
Q

What 2 things are the intervertebral discs composed of
What do they allow

A
  1. Outer annulus fibrosus
  2. Inner nucleus pulposes

Movement and shock absorbers

23
Q

What are the joints of the vertebral arches called

A

zygapophyseal or facet joints

24
Q

What kind of synovial joint is formed by the articulations between superior and inferior articular facets of adjacent vertebrae

A

Plane/gliding joint

25
Q

How is the Atlanto-occipital joint formed and

A

By the articulation between the atlas (C1) and the occipital bone of the skull

26
Q

How is the Atlanto-Axial Joint formed

A
  • ## formed by the articulation between the atlas (C1) and the dens of the axis (C2)
27
Q

4 vertebral curvatures

A

Cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral

28
Q

Describe the vertebral curvatures in a fetus

A

all 4 are concave anteriorly (primary curvature)

29
Q

Describe the cervical curvature of a baby who can hold their head up

A

convex anteriorly , they are secondary/lordotic

30
Q

Describe the lumbar curvature of a toddler who is starting to stand/walk

A

convex anteriorly, they are lordotic/secondary

31
Q

What two vertebral curvatures are primary/khyphotic

A

Thoracic and Sacral

32
Q

Describe the curvature kyphosis (hunchback)

A

an exaggerated thoracic curvature
- common with old age and osteoporosis

33
Q

Describe the curvature lordosis (swayback)

A

an exaggerated lumbar curvature
- common in pregnancy and obesity

34
Q

Describe the curvature scoliosis

A

vertebral column deviates from side to side

35
Q

What are deep back muscles also known as and their function

A

Intrinsic back muscles
- maintain posture and control movements of the vertebral column

36
Q

The three back muscles of the erector spinae group, most lateral to medial

A
  1. Iliocostalis
  2. Longissimus
  3. Spinalis
37
Q

Iliocostalis attachment

A

to the ribs

38
Q

Spinalis attachment

A

spinous processes

39
Q

What kind of synovial joint is the Atlanto occipital joint
What movement does it permit

A

Condyloid joint
Flexion and extension of the head , nodding yes

40
Q

What kind of synovial joint is the atlanto axial joint
What movement does it permit

A

Pivot joint
Rotation of head, shaking no

41
Q

What two curvatures in the vertebral column are secondary/lordotic

A

Cervical and lumbar

Term 2! (59 decks)

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