KIN 100 - Intro to Neuroanatomy (lecture 28)

Question 1

Cranial Meninges

Answer 1

coverings of the brain that lie just within the skull
- Protects the brain
- Provide a framework for arteries and veins
- Contain a layer of cerebrospinal fluid

Question 2

What are the three layers of meninges around the brain

Answer 2

• Dura mater (closest to skull)
• Arachnoid mater
• Pia mater (deepest)

Question 3

Subarachnoid space

Answer 3

found between the pia mater and the arachnoid mater contains cerebrospinal fluid

Question 4

Cranial dura mater is comprised of 2 layers:

Answer 4

• periosteal layer (close to the bone)
• meningeal layer (close to the arachnoid mater)

Question 5

At some points around the skull, the dural layers separate and the meningeal layer extends to form dural infoldings:

Answer 5

• Falx cerebri
• Tentorium cerebelli
• Falx cerebelli

Question 6

Falx cerebri

Answer 6

partially separates the left and right hemispheres of the brain

Question 7

Tentorium cerebelli

Answer 7

separates the occipital lobe from the cerebellum

Question 8

Falx cerebelli

Answer 8

partially separates the left and right hemispheres of the cerebellum

Question 9

Dural venous sinuses

Answer 9

at some points around the brain, the dural layers separate and create channels that act like veins

Question 10

Superior sagittal sinus

Answer 10

located along the superior border of the falx cerebri

Question 11

Inferior sagittal sinus

Answer 11

located along the inferior edge of the falx cerebri

Question 12

straight sinus

Answer 12

located where the falx cerebri meets the tentorium cerebelli

Question 13

Transverse sinuse

Answer 13

located along the posterior edge of the tentorium cerebelli

becomes sigmoid sinuses which drain into the internal jugular veins

Question 14

Ventricles

Answer 14

large spaces found deep within the brain

Question 15

Cerebrospinal fluid

Answer 15

produced in ventricles and flows through them to reach the subarachnoid space
- Support the brain
- Absorb shok
- Aid with waste disposal

Question 16

Blood supply to the brain comes from what 2 pairs of arteries

Answer 16

Internal carotid arteries that arise from the common carotid arteries

Vertebral arteries that arise from the subclavian arteries (which pass superiorly through the transverse foramen of the cervical vertebrae)

Question 17

What is the brain composed of

Answer 17

the cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, brainstem

left and right hemisphere

Question 18

Brain folds and valleys aka

Answer 18

gyri (folds) and sulci (valleys) to increase surface area

Question 19

The central sulcus

Answer 19

divides the frontal lobe from the parietal lobe

Question 20

The lateral sulcus

Answer 20

divides the temporal lobe from the frontal and parietal lobes

Question 21

The parieto-occipital sulcus

Answer 21

divides the parietal lobe from the occipital lobe but can only be seen on the midsagittal view of the brain

Question 22

What does the diencephalon consist of

Answer 22

the thalamus and hypothalamus

Question 23

Three parts of the brainstem

Answer 23

mid brain
pons
medulla oblongata

Question 24

Spinal cord is formed when

Answer 24

the medulla oblongata passes through the foramen magnum of the skull it becomes the spinal cord

descends until the L1/L2 vertebral level where it tapers

Question 25

How many spinal nerves are there that exit through intervertebral foramina

Answer 25

31 pairs

Question 26

cauda equina

Answer 26

Below L1/L2 there is a collection of spinal nerves