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Kevin's Cards > Kevin's Cards about European Exploration in Texas > Flashcards

Kevin's Cards about European Exploration in Texas Flashcards

1
Q

What dangers did the Explorers face

A

Travel was dangerous on ships, which could become shipwrecked. Also, because of close quarters, sailors might become ill and spread disease. Upon arrival, explorers faced hostile natives, possible warfare, saturation, and sickness

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2
Q

Why were the explorers willing to face dangers

A

While individual motivations are varied, most were trying to spread the word of God, get rich through gold, silver, jewels, and spices, or to help Spain gain power

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3
Q

What are the 3 Gs

A

God, Gold, and Glory

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4
Q

What do the 3 Gs resemble

A

The reasons that explorers wanted to travel to the New World

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5
Q

Who was the first known European to land on the shores of the Americas

A

Christopher Columbus

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6
Q

When did Christopher Columbus’ ships land in the Americas

A

In 1492

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7
Q

What is the 1st G in the 3 Gs

A

God

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8
Q

In the 15th century most Europeans were what type of Christian

A

Roman Catholic

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9
Q

What did Gold refer to in the 3 Gs

A

Riches and Wealth of any kind

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10
Q

What did the explorers believe they could through riches in The New World

A

The explorers believed they could find better trade routes, or paths on land or at sea that could be used on a regular basis for trade and the transportation of goods. This also meant greater riches.

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11
Q

What is the 2nd G in the 3 Gs

A

Gold

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12
Q

What is the 3rd G in the 3 Gs

A

Glory

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13
Q

Did every explorer think all the 3 Gs were equally significant

A

Not every explorer or soldier felt that all these motivators were equally important

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14
Q

What were the people from North Africa that were conquering southern Spain called

A

Moors

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15
Q

When did the Moors start conquering Southern Spain

A

In the early 700s

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16
Q

What did the Moors bring to Southern Spain

A

Wealth and they introduced Islam

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17
Q

Who rode out the more from the Southern Spain

A

The Roman Christian leaders of the North

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18
Q

The victory of ruling out the Moors made Queen Isabella and King Ferdinand think of what

A

It made them look further for more land and wealth and for Christianity to spread

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19
Q

Who was Spain’s rival

A

Portugal

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20
Q

Where did Columbus first land

A

On a Caribbean Island

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21
Q

When Columbus landed in the Caribbean this was the first what

A

First encounter that the Europeans had with the Americans

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22
Q

When Columbus landed in the Caribbean where did he think he was

A

He thought he has in India

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23
Q

Indigenous Definition

A

Native People

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24
Q

What did Columbus call the indigenous people on the Caribbean islands

A

Indians

25
Q

Reconquista Definition

A

The time period in which the Spanish battled to regain control over the Iberian Peninsula (800 years)

26
Q

Conquistadors Definition

A

The leader of the soldiers sailing t the Americans

27
Q

Who was Heran Cortes

A

A conquistador that followed Columbus and in 1519 landed in Modern day Mexico

28
Q

What did the Aztecs call themselves

A

They called themselves the Mexica

29
Q

Where does the modern name of Mexico come from

A

From the name Mexica which the Aztecs called themselves

30
Q

What was Heran Cortes’ behavior

A

He was a bold and ruthless man

31
Q

Tribute meaning

A

Enforced payment of food and their valuables in exchange for peace

32
Q

Aztecs often did what during religious ceremonies

A

Human Sacrifices

33
Q

Did the peoples like the Aztec’s ways

A

No and some even joined Heran Cortez in in defeating them

34
Q

What is the capital of Aztec

A

Tenochtitlan

35
Q

Why did the emperor Moctezuma II delay attacking Heran Cortes

A

He fit the description of an Aztec god

36
Q

Where did the Spanish build Mexico City

A

On the ruin of Tenochtitlan

37
Q

Viceroyalty Definition

A

A land that is ruled by an official chosen by a monarch

38
Q

Which conquistador led the conquest of South America

A

Francisco Pizarro

39
Q

During the conquest of South America led by Francisco Pizarro which empire did they defeat

A

The wealthy Inca Empire in 1532

40
Q

What were some of the hardships Cabeza de Vaca and his crew faced when Spanish sips left them and returned to Spain

A

Some of the hardships included disease, starvation, and attacks from American Indians

41
Q

What types of obstacles did the early Spanish explorers experience in their attempts to find new land

A

They ran into bad weather, some which caused their ships to be wrecked. Some were faced with sickness, while some had unfriendly encounter with American Indians

42
Q

Why did the Spanish colonists stay away from western Texas

A

They heard the Indians were unfriendly and they thought there wasn’t a lot of resources nor riches

43
Q

What impact did the introduction of horses have on American Indians in Texas

A

The American Indians used horses to move from place to place, making their journeys easier and faster

44
Q

Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca was one of the first Europeans to visit where

A

Texas

45
Q

Where did the first European explorers come from

A

Spain

46
Q

Who was Europe’s most powerful country in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries

A

Spain

47
Q

Cartographer Definition

A

Someone who makes maps

48
Q

In 1519, the Spanish governor of Jamaica wanted to find what

A

A sea passage to Asia to increase trade

49
Q

Who did the Jamaican governor ask to find a sea passage to Asia

A

Alonso Álvarez de Pineda

50
Q

What did Álvarez de Pineda do

A

He was a Sailor and a cartographer

51
Q

Did Álvarez de Pineda and his men ever find the sea passage to Asia

A

No

52
Q

What did Álvarez de Pineda find during his trip to try to find the sea passage to Asia

A

They observed and mapped the shores of the North American southeast and the Mississippi River

53
Q

Álvarez de Pineda was the first European explorer to do what

A

To create a map of Texas

54
Q

In 1519 the governor of Cuba hired who to explore Mexico

A

In 1519 the governor of Cuba put Hernán Cortés in charge of exploring Mexico but then changed his mind. Cortés left anyway for Mexico, so the governor hired another explorer, Pánfilo de Narváez, to find and arrest Cortés. Narváez found Cortés, but lost his eye in the battle that followed. Narváez was defeated by Cortés and put in prison. After his release, Narváez returned to Spain. Then in 1527, he was sent to set up a colony in Florida. At the time, Florida included all of the land from modern-day Florida to Mexico, including Texas. Narváez’s expedition did not go well. The ships became lost at sea several times because of bad weather. In the end, Narváez’s ship crashed during a storm. He and his crew were killed.

55
Q

Which Indians welcomed Cabeza da Vaca and his men

A

The Karankawa

56
Q

What was the book Cabeza de Vaca wrote about Texas called

A

La Relación, which is translated as The Report

57
Q

What was Spain’s influence

A

Horses

58
Q

What prevented the Spanish from colonizing Texas

A

The threat of American Indians and remote location since it was so far away from Spain

59
Q

What was Cabeza de Vaca to the Karankawas at first

A

A slave

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