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Intro to the Immune System 1 Flashcards

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1
Q

Cytokines bind to

S.O 1

Characterize the functions of the cells, barriers, cytokines, receptors, and other effector proteins of innate immunity.

A

high-affinity receptors on target cells

Found in Chapter 2

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2
Q

Toll-like Receptors are expressed on

S.O 1

Characterize the functions of the cells, barriers, cytokines, receptors, and other effector proteins of innate immunity.

A

expressed on plasma membranes,

(Ch. 2)

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3
Q

Toll-like Receptors generate signals that ..

SO 1

Characterize the functions of the cells, barriers, cytokines, receptors, and other effector proteins of innate immunity.

A

generate signals that help activate transcription factors that stimulate expression of cytokines and inflammatory and/or antiviral responses

CHAPTER 2

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4
Q

Epithelial cells provide

SO 1

Characterize the functions of the cells, barriers, cytokines, receptors, and other effector proteins of innate immunity.

A

physical and chemical barriers against infection

(Ch. 2)

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5
Q

Defensins are

SO 1

Characterize the functions of the cells, barriers, cytokines, receptors, and other effector proteins of innate immunity.

A

proteins rich in cysteine, lysine, and arginine

CHAPTER 2

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6
Q

Defensin and cathelicidins are

SO 1

Characterize the functions of the cells, barriers, cytokines, receptors, and other effector proteins of innate immunity.

A

epithelial antimicrobial peptides that are expressed in the intestinal epithelium and kill microorganisms by membrane disruption

chapter 2

Very Important

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7
Q

Microbes come into contact with

SO 2

Compare the mechanisms by which microbes, microbial molecules, and host molecules activate cellular receptors of innate immunity.

A

epithelia by external physical contact, ingestion, inhalation, and sex

chapter 2

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8
Q

Portal entry are lined by

SO 2

Compare the mechanisms by which microbes, microbial molecules, and host molecules activate cellular receptors of innate immunity.

A

continuous epithelia that form a mechanical barrier against microbes

chapter 2

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9
Q

Antimicrobial peptides

SO 2

Compare the mechanisms by which microbes, microbial molecules, and host molecules activate cellular receptors of innate immunity.

A

provide a chemical barrier against infection

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10
Q

Cytosolic DNA sensors:

SO 2

Compare the mechanisms by which microbes, microbial molecules, and host molecules activate cellular receptors of innate immunity.

A

detect dsDNA

Chapter 2

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11
Q

Innate immunity are ______ than the adaptive immunity

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

A

phylogenetically older than ( present first)

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12
Q

Names of Innate immunity and where is it present

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

A

natural/ native immunity , always present in healthy people

chapter 1

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13
Q

Innate cells are

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

A

epithelial barriers, mast cells, phagocytes, dendritic cells, complement, NK cells & ILCs

chapter 1

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14
Q

Innate immunity are prepared

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

A

to block the entry if microbes and to rapidly eliminate microbes that succed to enter host tissue

chapter 1

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15
Q

Innate immunity provide defense in

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

A

in the critical early window after infection
zero to 12 hours

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16
Q

Innate immune responses are required

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

A

to initate adaptive immune responses

Chapter 1

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17
Q

Innate immunity first line of defense comes from

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

A

the epithelial barrier of the skin, mucosal tissues, and antimicrobial work together to block the entry of microbes

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18
Q

Inflammation is a tissue reaction that

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

A

delivers mediators of host defense—circulating cells and proteins—to sites of infection and tissue damage

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

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19
Q

Process of inflammation consists of

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

A

recruitment of cells and leakage of plasma proteins through blood vessels and activation of these cells and proteins in the extravascular tissues.

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

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20
Q

Cells + proteins =

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

A

kill mainly extracellular microbes and eliminate tissue damage

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

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21
Q

what type of cells? what does it do?

Initial release of histamine, TNF, prostaglandins and other mediators by

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

A

mast cells and macrophages causes and increase in local blood flow and exudation of plasma proteins

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

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22
Q

Signs on the skin…

characteristic of acute inflammation

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

A

Causes redness, warmth, and swelling

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

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23
Q

what type of cells?

Followed by local accumulation in tissues of phagocytes mainly ….

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

A

neutrophils and blood monocyte-derived macrophages in response to cytokines

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

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24
Q

what to phagocytes engulf? why does it do that?

Activated phagocytes engulf

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

A

microbes and necrotic material to destroy potentially harmful substances

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

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25
Q

Innate immune response serves

SO 5

Describe the role and means of activation of innate immunity in host defense. (Natural/native immunity)

A

by alerting the adaptive immune system that an effective immune response is needed.

Chapter 2

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26
Q

Innate immunity in host defense provides immediate protection against

SO 5

Describe the role and means of activation of innate immunity in host defense. (Natural/native immunity)

A

microbial invasion - recognized structures shared by classes of microbes

Chapter 2

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27
Q

Innate immunity in host defense are prepared to

SO 5

Describe the role and means of activation of innate immunity in host defense. (Natural/native immunity)

A

block the entry of microbes and to rapidly eliminate microbes that do not succeed in entering host tissues

Chapter 1

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28
Q

Think where does the microbe go first?

First line of defense is

SO 5

Describe the role and means of activation of innate immunity in host defense. (Natural/native immunity)

A

provided by epithelial barriers of the skin and mucosal tissues as well as cells and natural antibiotics present in epithelia

All block entry of microbes

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29
Q

Second line of defense:

SO 5

Describe the role and means of activation of innate immunity in host defense. (Natural/native immunity)

A

phagocytes, innate lymphoid cells, plasma proteins (complement system)

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30
Q

the connection to adaptive immune

Innate immunity in host defense is

Describe the role and means of activation of innate immunity in host defense. (Natural/native immunity)

A

required to initiate adaptive immune responses against the infectious agents

ch 2

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31
Q

Adaptive immunity in host defense develops

SO 6

Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

A

more slowly

chapter 1

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32
Q

adaptive immunity in host defense

Provides more specialized defense in

SO 6

Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

A

lymphocytes with highly diverse and variable receptors for foreign substances

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33
Q

adaptive immunity in host defense products are

  1. Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)
A

antibodies

ch 1

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34
Q

adaptive immunity in host defense requires proliferation and differentiation of

SO 6

Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

A

lymphocytes in response to microbes before it can provide effective defense

CH 1

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35
Q

adaptive immunity in host defense

Express receptors that specifically recognize a

SO 6

Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

A

much wider variety of molecules produced by microbes as well as noninfectious molecules

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36
Q

what is an Antigen?

SO 6

Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

A

any molecule that is specifically recognized by lymphocytes or antibodies

ch 1

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37
Q

Dendritic cells capture

SO 6

Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

A

protein antigens of microbes that cross epithelial barriers and transport these antigens to regional lymph nodes

chapter 1

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38
Q

Display fragments of proteins for

SO 6

Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

A

recognition by T lymphocytes

Chapter 1

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39
Q

Humoral immunity is

SO 7

Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

A

mediated by proteins called antibodies (produced by B lymphocytes), defense against cells outside of host cells

CHAPTER 1

40
Q

Humoral Immunity

Antibodies are secreted in the

SO 7

Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

A

circulation, extracellular tissue fluids, and the lumens of the mucosal organs

CHAPTER 1

41
Q

Humoral Immunity

Antibodies defend in extracellular area by

SO 7

Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

A

preventing them (microbes) from invading tissue cells and neutralizing toxins made by microbes

CHAPTER 1

42
Q

Humoral Immunity

Antibodies can enhance

SO 7

Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

A

how many extracellular microbes are taken to phagocytes

CHAPTER 1

43
Q

Cell-mediated immunity

SO 7

Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

A

defense against cells that have already entered host cells, mediated by T lymphocytes

CHAPTER 1

44
Q

Cell-mediated immunity

Intracellular microbes can

SO 7

Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

A

live and replicate inside infected cells

CHAPTER 1

45
Q

Cell-mediated immunity

Antibodies can prevent such microbes from

SO 7

Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

A

infecting tissue cells, they are not effective after the microbes have entered the cells

CHAPTER 1

46
Q

Cell-mediated immunity is IMPORTANT AGAINST

SO 7

Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

A

INTRACELLULAR ORGANISMS

CHAPTER 1

47
Q

Cell-mediated immunity

2 Major classes of T lymphocytes

SO 7.

Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

A

Cytokine-producing Helper T lymphocytes and Cytotoxic T lymphocytes

CHAPTER 1

48
Q

Cell-mediated immunity

Cytokine-producing Helper T lymphocytes activate phagocytes

SO 7

Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

A

to destroy microbes that have been ingested & live within intracellular vesicles.

CHAPTER 1

49
Q

Cell-mediated immunity

Cytotoxic T lymphocytes kill

SO 7

Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

A

any type of host cell (nonphagocytic cells) that harbor microbes like viruses in the cytoplasm.

CHAPTER 1

50
Q

Epithelial cells secrete

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

mucus and forms keratin; produces antimicrobial peptides which kill bacteria and some viruses by disrupting their outer membranes

(ch. 2)

51
Q

Epithelial cells produces antimicrobial peptides

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

(defensins and cathelicidins) which kill bacteria and some viruses by disrupting their outer membranes

ch 2

52
Q

Epithelial cells contain lymphocytes and

so 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

intraepithelial T lymphocytes

ch. 2

53
Q

epithelial cells and other cell types also secrete

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

cytokines

CH 2

54
Q

Monocytes are circulating phagocyte in ….

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

in blood cells and tissues that rapidly leave the circulation,

ch 2

55
Q

During inflammatory reactions monocytes enter

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

extravascular tissues and differentiate into macrophages (survive for long periods)

ch 2

56
Q

Monocytes

monocytes mature into

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

dendritic cells

(ch.2 )

57
Q

monocytes differentiate to be

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

housed in specific organ/tissues

CH 2

58
Q

Monocytes

What type of cells are in the Brain tissue?

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

microglial cells

ch 2

59
Q

Monocyte

What type of cells are in the liver tissue?

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

kupffer cells

ch 2

60
Q

Monocyte

What type of macrophages are in the lung tissue?

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

alveolar macrophage

ch 2

61
Q

Monocytes

What type of macrophages are in the spleen tissue?

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

sinusoidal macrophages

CH 2

62
Q

Macrophages

Tissue resident macrophages are derived

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

from progenitors in the yolk sac or fetal liver early during fetal development

ch 2

63
Q

Macrophages, Role in host defense:

ingest and destroy microbes, clear dead tissues and initate the process of tissue repair, and they

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

produce cytokines that induce and regulate inflammation

ch 2

64
Q

Macrophages

Macrophages are large phagocytic cells with a high capacity

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

for killing microbes and cleaning up dead cells; antigen-presenting cells

65
Q

What 2 receptors activate macrophages?

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

TLRs and NLRs, recognize products of microbes and damaged cells and activate the macrophages

CH 2

66
Q

Neutrophils

Neutrophils are phagocytic, produce the most abundant leukocytes in blood, responds to certain _____ and _____ infections

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

bacterial and fungal infections

CH 2

67
Q

Neutrophils are produced

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

from bone marrow

ch 2

68
Q

Neutrophils production is stimulated by

so 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

cytokines known as colony stimulating factors

ch 2

69
Q

What cells are the first and most numerous cell type to respond to infections ?

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

neutrophils

CH 2

70
Q

Dominant cells of acute inflammation?

SO 8

  1. Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.
A

neutrophils

ch 2

71
Q

what do neutrophils ingest?

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

Ingest microbes in circulation, ingest and destroy microbes in extravascular tissue at sites of infection

ch 2

72
Q

Neutrophils are ____-____ phagocytes in blood; active _____ and _____ of bacteria

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

Short-lived phagocytes in blood; active engulfs and killers of bacteria

CH 2

73
Q

neutrophils are recruited to sites of tissue damage in absence of

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

infection for cell debris clean up

CH 2

74
Q

What cell is this? blood leukocytes, active in protozoal, helminth, and inflammatory reactions

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

Eosinophils

ch 2

75
Q

what cell functions in inflammatory events and is a granulocyte?

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

Basophils

CH 2

76
Q

what cell? kill virus- infected cells, not phagocytic but do make contact with target cells, contact is initiated, granule components are released?

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

NK cells (natural killer)

CHAPTER 2

77
Q

NK Cells

Perforin produces

so 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

a pore structure in target cell plasma membrane.

ch 2

78
Q

NK cells deliver the contents of their cytoplasmic granules into the infected cells, where they activate enzymes that induce

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

apoptosis (controlled cell suicide)

chapter 2

79
Q

NK cells recognize targets that

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

lack MHC 1, the virally-infected cells often turn off its expression, cancer cells tend to shut down expression as well

ch 1

80
Q

NK cells recognize cells that are

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

infected with viruses and some other microbes and stressed cells, and they respond by killing these cells and by secreting the macrophage-activating cytokine IFN- γ

ch 2

81
Q

NK cells are developmentally related to

So 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

group 1 ILCs and make up approximately 5% to 20% of the cells with lymphocyte morphology in the blood and secondary lymphoid organs.

82
Q

NK cells contain cytoplasmic granules and express

so 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

some unique surface proteins but do not express immunoglobulins or TCRs, the antigen receptors of B and T lymphocytes, respectively

ch 2

83
Q

NK cells function to eliminate

so 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

cellular reservoirs of infection and eradicate infections by obligate intracellular microbes, such as viruses.

84
Q

Activated NK cells also synthesize and secrete the

so 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

cytokine IFN-γ, which activates macrophages to become more effective at killing phagocytosed microbes.

Ch2

85
Q

NK cells to eliminate

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

cells infected with intracellular microbes, as well as irreparably injured cells and tumor cells

86
Q

Mast cells serve as sentinels to detect

SO8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

the presence of microbes in tissues and initiate immune responses

ch 2

87
Q

mast cells

are activated

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

by recognition of microbes or by other cytokines

ch 2

88
Q

mast cells

Specialized tissue cells similar to basophils that trigger

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

local inflammatory reactions, such as allergic symptoms

89
Q

Dendritic cells serve as sentinels to detect the

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

presence of microbes in tissues and initiate immune responses

ch 2

90
Q

2 main functions of dendritic cells

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

they initiate inflammation and they stimulate adaptive immune responses.

ch 2

91
Q

dendritic cells

Many protruding membrane

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

extensions in tissue

CH 2

92
Q

Important bridge between innate and adaptive immunity

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

dendritic cells

ch 2

93
Q

Dendritic cells

Specialized function of capturing microbial antigen and displaying them to

so 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

T lymphocytes to initiate adaptive immune responses (CD4+)

ch 2

94
Q

dendritic cells

Produce costimulators which are required together with antigen to activate

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

naïve T lymphocytes to proliferate and differentiate into effector cells

CH2

95
Q

Dendritic cells

Makes them most potent stimulators of naïve T cells and most

SO 8

Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

A

efficient initiators of T cell responses

CH 2

Microbiology (21 decks)

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