Intro to the Immune System 1

Question 1

Cytokines bind to

S.O 1

Characterize the functions of the cells, barriers, cytokines, receptors, and other effector proteins of innate immunity.

Answer 1

high-affinity receptors on target cells

Found in Chapter 2

Question 2

Toll-like Receptors are expressed on

S.O 1

Characterize the functions of the cells, barriers, cytokines, receptors, and other effector proteins of innate immunity.

Answer 2

expressed on plasma membranes,

(Ch. 2)

Question 3

Toll-like Receptors generate signals that ..

SO 1

Characterize the functions of the cells, barriers, cytokines, receptors, and other effector proteins of innate immunity.

Answer 3

generate signals that help activate transcription factors that stimulate expression of cytokines and inflammatory and/or antiviral responses

CHAPTER 2

Question 4

Epithelial cells provide

SO 1

Characterize the functions of the cells, barriers, cytokines, receptors, and other effector proteins of innate immunity.

Answer 4

physical and chemical barriers against infection

(Ch. 2)

Question 5

Defensins are

SO 1

Characterize the functions of the cells, barriers, cytokines, receptors, and other effector proteins of innate immunity.

Answer 5

proteins rich in cysteine, lysine, and arginine

CHAPTER 2

Question 6

Defensin and cathelicidins are

SO 1

Characterize the functions of the cells, barriers, cytokines, receptors, and other effector proteins of innate immunity.

Answer 6

epithelial antimicrobial peptides that are expressed in the intestinal epithelium and kill microorganisms by membrane disruption

chapter 2

Very Important

Question 7

Microbes come into contact with

SO 2

Compare the mechanisms by which microbes, microbial molecules, and host molecules activate cellular receptors of innate immunity.

Answer 7

epithelia by external physical contact, ingestion, inhalation, and sex

chapter 2

Question 8

Portal entry are lined by

SO 2

Compare the mechanisms by which microbes, microbial molecules, and host molecules activate cellular receptors of innate immunity.

Answer 8

continuous epithelia that form a mechanical barrier against microbes

chapter 2

Question 9

Antimicrobial peptides

SO 2

Compare the mechanisms by which microbes, microbial molecules, and host molecules activate cellular receptors of innate immunity.

Answer 9

provide a chemical barrier against infection

Question 10

Cytosolic DNA sensors:

SO 2

Compare the mechanisms by which microbes, microbial molecules, and host molecules activate cellular receptors of innate immunity.

Answer 10

detect dsDNA

Chapter 2

Question 11

Innate immunity are ______ than the adaptive immunity

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

Answer 11

phylogenetically older than ( present first)

Question 12

Names of Innate immunity and where is it present

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

Answer 12

natural/ native immunity , always present in healthy people

chapter 1

Question 13

Innate cells are

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

Answer 13

epithelial barriers, mast cells, phagocytes, dendritic cells, complement, NK cells & ILCs

chapter 1

Question 14

Innate immunity are prepared

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

Answer 14

to block the entry if microbes and to rapidly eliminate microbes that succed to enter host tissue

chapter 1

Question 15

Innate immunity provide defense in

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

Answer 15

in the critical early window after infection
zero to 12 hours

Question 16

Innate immune responses are required

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

Answer 16

to initate adaptive immune responses

Chapter 1

Question 17

Innate immunity first line of defense comes from

SO 3

Relate the functional components of the innate arm of the immune system to the activation of the adaptive arm. Chapter 1

Answer 17

the epithelial barrier of the skin, mucosal tissues, and antimicrobial work together to block the entry of microbes

Question 18

Inflammation is a tissue reaction that

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

Answer 18

delivers mediators of host defense—circulating cells and proteins—to sites of infection and tissue damage

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

Question 19

Process of inflammation consists of

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

Answer 19

recruitment of cells and leakage of plasma proteins through blood vessels and activation of these cells and proteins in the extravascular tissues.

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

Question 20

Cells + proteins =

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

Answer 20

kill mainly extracellular microbes and eliminate tissue damage

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

Question 21

what type of cells? what does it do?

Initial release of histamine, TNF, prostaglandins and other mediators by

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

Answer 21

mast cells and macrophages causes and increase in local blood flow and exudation of plasma proteins

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

Question 22

Signs on the skin…

characteristic of acute inflammation

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

Answer 22

Causes redness, warmth, and swelling

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

Question 23

what type of cells?

Followed by local accumulation in tissues of phagocytes mainly ….

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

Answer 23

neutrophils and blood monocyte-derived macrophages in response to cytokines

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

Question 24

what to phagocytes engulf? why does it do that?

Activated phagocytes engulf

SO 4

Outline the role of inflammation in immune cell recruitment to sites of infection and tissue damage.

Answer 24

microbes and necrotic material to destroy potentially harmful substances

Chapter 2 : inflammation section

Question 25

Innate immune response serves | SO 5 ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of innate immunity in host defense. (Natural/native immunity)

Answer 25

by alerting the adaptive immune system that an effective immune response is needed. ## Footnote Chapter 2

Question 26

Innate immunity in host defense provides immediate protection against | SO 5 ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of innate immunity in host defense. (Natural/native immunity)

Answer 26

microbial invasion - recognized structures shared by classes of microbes ## Footnote Chapter 2

Question 27

Innate immunity in host defense are prepared to | SO 5 ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of innate immunity in host defense. (Natural/native immunity)

Answer 27

block the entry of microbes and to rapidly eliminate microbes that do not succeed in entering host tissues ## Footnote Chapter 1

Question 28

# Think where does the microbe go first? First line of defense is | SO 5 ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of innate immunity in host defense. (Natural/native immunity)

Answer 28

provided by epithelial barriers of the skin and mucosal tissues as well as cells and natural antibiotics present in epithelia | All block entry of microbes

Question 29

Second line of defense: | SO 5 ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of innate immunity in host defense. (Natural/native immunity)

Answer 29

phagocytes, innate lymphoid cells, plasma proteins (complement system)

Question 30

# the connection to adaptive immune Innate immunity in host defense is ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of innate immunity in host defense. (Natural/native immunity)

Answer 30

required to initiate adaptive immune responses against the infectious agents | ch 2

Question 31

Adaptive immunity in host defense develops | SO 6 ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

Answer 31

more slowly ## Footnote chapter 1

Question 32

# adaptive immunity in host defense Provides more specialized defense in | SO 6 ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

Answer 32

lymphocytes with highly diverse and variable receptors for foreign substances

Question 33

adaptive immunity in host defense products are ## Footnote 6. Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

Answer 33

antibodies ## Footnote ch 1

Question 34

adaptive immunity in host defense requires proliferation and differentiation of | SO 6 ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

Answer 34

lymphocytes in response to microbes before it can provide effective defense ## Footnote CH 1

Question 35

# adaptive immunity in host defense Express receptors that specifically recognize a | SO 6 ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

Answer 35

much wider variety of molecules produced by microbes as well as noninfectious molecules

Question 36

what is an Antigen? | SO 6 ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

Answer 36

any molecule that is specifically recognized by lymphocytes or antibodies | ch 1

Question 37

Dendritic cells capture | SO 6 ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

Answer 37

protein antigens of microbes that cross epithelial barriers and transport these antigens to regional lymph nodes ## Footnote chapter 1

Question 38

Display fragments of proteins for | SO 6 ## Footnote Describe the role and means of activation of adaptive immunity in host defense. (Specific/acquired immunity)

Answer 38

recognition by T lymphocytes ## Footnote Chapter 1

Question 39

Humoral immunity is | SO 7 ## Footnote Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 39

mediated by proteins called antibodies (produced by B lymphocytes), defense against cells outside of host cells | CHAPTER 1

Question 40

# Humoral Immunity Antibodies are secreted in the | SO 7 ## Footnote Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 40

circulation, extracellular tissue fluids, and the lumens of the mucosal organs ## Footnote CHAPTER 1

Question 41

# Humoral Immunity Antibodies defend in extracellular area by | SO 7 ## Footnote Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 41

preventing them (microbes) from invading tissue cells and neutralizing toxins made by microbes ## Footnote CHAPTER 1

Question 42

# Humoral Immunity Antibodies can enhance | SO 7 ## Footnote Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 42

how many extracellular microbes are taken to phagocytes ## Footnote CHAPTER 1

Question 43

Cell-mediated immunity | SO 7 ## Footnote Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 43

defense against cells that have already entered host cells, mediated by T lymphocytes ## Footnote CHAPTER 1

Question 44

# Cell-mediated immunity Intracellular microbes can | SO 7 ## Footnote Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 44

live and replicate inside infected cells ## Footnote CHAPTER 1

Question 45

# Cell-mediated immunity Antibodies can prevent such microbes from | SO 7 ## Footnote Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 45

infecting tissue cells, they are not effective after the microbes have entered the cells ## Footnote CHAPTER 1

Question 46

Cell-mediated immunity is IMPORTANT AGAINST | SO 7 ## Footnote Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 46

INTRACELLULAR ORGANISMS ## Footnote CHAPTER 1

Question 47

# Cell-mediated immunity 2 Major classes of T lymphocytes | SO 7. ## Footnote Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 47

Cytokine-producing Helper T lymphocytes and Cytotoxic T lymphocytes ## Footnote CHAPTER 1

Question 48

# Cell-mediated immunity Cytokine-producing Helper T lymphocytes activate phagocytes | SO 7 ## Footnote Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 48

to destroy microbes that have been ingested & live within intracellular vesicles. ## Footnote CHAPTER 1

Question 49

# Cell-mediated immunity Cytotoxic T lymphocytes kill | SO 7 ## Footnote Differentiate humoral and cell-mediated immunity.

Answer 49

any type of host cell (nonphagocytic cells) that harbor microbes like viruses in the cytoplasm. ## Footnote CHAPTER 1

Question 50

Epithelial cells secrete | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 50

mucus and forms keratin; produces antimicrobial peptides which kill bacteria and some viruses by disrupting their outer membranes ## Footnote (ch. 2)

Question 51

Epithelial cells produces antimicrobial peptides | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 51

(defensins and cathelicidins) which kill bacteria and some viruses by disrupting their outer membranes ## Footnote ch 2

Question 52

Epithelial cells contain lymphocytes and | so 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 52

intraepithelial T lymphocytes | ch. 2

Question 53

epithelial cells and other cell types also secrete | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 53

cytokines | CH 2

Question 54

Monocytes are circulating phagocyte in .... | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 54

in blood cells and tissues that rapidly leave the circulation, | ch 2

Question 55

During inflammatory reactions monocytes enter | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 55

extravascular tissues and differentiate into macrophages (survive for long periods) | ch 2

Question 56

# Monocytes monocytes mature into | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 56

dendritic cells | (ch.2 )

Question 57

monocytes differentiate to be | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 57

housed in specific organ/tissues | CH 2

Question 58

# Monocytes What type of cells are in the Brain tissue? | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 58

microglial cells | ch 2

Question 59

# Monocyte What type of cells are in the liver tissue? | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 59

kupffer cells | ch 2

Question 60

# Monocyte What type of macrophages are in the lung tissue? | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 60

alveolar macrophage | ch 2

Question 61

# Monocytes What type of macrophages are in the spleen tissue? | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 61

sinusoidal macrophages | CH 2

Question 62

# Macrophages Tissue resident macrophages are derived | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 62

from progenitors in the yolk sac or fetal liver early during fetal development | ch 2

Question 63

# Macrophages, Role in host defense: ingest and destroy microbes, clear dead tissues and initate the process of tissue repair, and they | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 63

produce cytokines that induce and regulate inflammation | ch 2

Question 64

# Macrophages Macrophages are large phagocytic cells with a high capacity | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 64

for killing microbes and cleaning up dead cells; antigen-presenting cells

Question 65

What 2 receptors activate macrophages? | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 65

TLRs and NLRs, recognize products of microbes and damaged cells and activate the macrophages | CH 2

Question 66

# Neutrophils Neutrophils are phagocytic, produce the most abundant leukocytes in blood, responds to certain _____ and _____ infections | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 66

bacterial and fungal infections | CH 2

Question 67

Neutrophils are produced | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 67

from bone marrow | ch 2

Question 68

Neutrophils production is stimulated by | so 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 68

cytokines known as colony stimulating factors | ch 2

Question 69

What cells are the first and most numerous cell type to respond to infections ? | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 69

neutrophils | CH 2

Question 70

Dominant cells of acute inflammation? | SO 8 ## Footnote 8. Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 70

neutrophils | ch 2

Question 71

what do neutrophils ingest? | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 71

Ingest microbes in circulation, ingest and destroy microbes in extravascular tissue at sites of infection | ch 2

Question 72

Neutrophils are ____-____ phagocytes in blood; active _____ and _____ of bacteria | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 72

Short-lived phagocytes in blood; active engulfs and killers of bacteria | CH 2

Question 73

neutrophils are recruited to sites of tissue damage in absence of | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 73

infection for cell debris clean up | CH 2

Question 74

What cell is this? blood leukocytes, active in protozoal, helminth, and inflammatory reactions | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 74

Eosinophils | ch 2

Question 75

what cell functions in inflammatory events and is a granulocyte? | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 75

Basophils | CH 2

Question 76

what cell? kill virus- infected cells, not phagocytic but do make contact with target cells, contact is initiated, granule components are released? | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 76

NK cells (natural killer) | CHAPTER 2

Question 77

# NK Cells Perforin produces | so 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 77

a pore structure in target cell plasma membrane. | ch 2

Question 78

NK cells deliver the contents of their cytoplasmic granules into the infected cells, where they activate enzymes that induce | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 78

apoptosis (controlled cell suicide) | chapter 2

Question 79

NK cells recognize targets that | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 79

lack MHC 1, the virally-infected cells often turn off its expression, cancer cells tend to shut down expression as well | ch 1

Question 80

NK cells recognize cells that are | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 80

infected with viruses and some other microbes and stressed cells, and they respond by killing these cells and by secreting the macrophage-activating cytokine IFN- γ | ch 2

Question 81

NK cells are developmentally related to | So 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 81

group 1 ILCs and make up approximately 5% to 20% of the cells with lymphocyte morphology in the blood and secondary lymphoid organs.

Question 82

NK cells contain cytoplasmic granules and express | so 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 82

some unique surface proteins but do not express immunoglobulins or TCRs, the antigen receptors of B and T lymphocytes, respectively | ch 2

Question 83

NK cells function to eliminate | so 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 83

cellular reservoirs of infection and eradicate infections by obligate intracellular microbes, such as viruses.

Question 84

Activated NK cells also synthesize and secrete the | so 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 84

cytokine IFN-γ, which activates macrophages to become more effective at killing phagocytosed microbes. | Ch2

Question 85

NK cells to eliminate | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 85

cells infected with intracellular microbes, as well as irreparably injured cells and tumor cells

Question 86

Mast cells serve as sentinels to detect | SO8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 86

the presence of microbes in tissues and initiate immune responses | ch 2

Question 87

# mast cells are activated | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 87

by recognition of microbes or by other cytokines | ch 2

Question 88

# mast cells Specialized tissue cells similar to basophils that trigger | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 88

local inflammatory reactions, such as allergic symptoms

Question 89

Dendritic cells serve as sentinels to detect the | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 89

presence of microbes in tissues and initiate immune responses | ch 2

Question 90

2 main functions of dendritic cells | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 90

they initiate inflammation and they stimulate adaptive immune responses. | ch 2

Question 91

# dendritic cells Many protruding membrane | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 91

extensions in tissue | CH 2

Question 92

Important bridge between innate and adaptive immunity | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 92

dendritic cells | ch 2

Question 93

# Dendritic cells Specialized function of capturing microbial antigen and displaying them to | so 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 93

T lymphocytes to initiate adaptive immune responses (CD4+) | ch 2

Question 94

# dendritic cells Produce costimulators which are required together with antigen to activate | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 94

naïve T lymphocytes to proliferate and differentiate into effector cells | CH2

Question 95

# Dendritic cells Makes them most potent stimulators of naïve T cells and most | SO 8 ## Footnote Differentiate the roles of the following cells in innate and adaptive immunity: epithelial cells, monocytes, macrophages, neutrophils, dendritic cells, eosinophils, basophils, mast cells, B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, and NK cells.

Answer 95

efficient initiators of T cell responses | CH 2