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Microbiology > Antiprotozoal Drugs > Flashcards

Antiprotozoal Drugs Flashcards

1
Q

Doxycycline

Malaria

A

tetracycline (used to treat bacterial infections)

no dairy

chemoprophylaxis ( prevent malaria)

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2
Q

Chloroquine

A

chemoprophylaxis or treatment of malaria after infection
○ Okay for pregnant women

malaria

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3
Q

chloroquine adverse effects

A
  • mild side effects,
  • itching,
  • liver diease,
  • neurological or hemotologic disease
  • oral bioavavible, long half life - 2 months
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4
Q

Atovaquone-proguanil-

A

combination “malarone”

malaria

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5
Q

Atovaquone-proguanil MOA

A

MOA: (atovaquone) interferes with organisms ETC; (proguanil) inhibit dihydrofolate reductase - enzyme used to make folic acid

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6
Q

Atovaquone-proguanil facts

A

Prophylaxis and treatment
○ Contraindicated in pregnancy
○ Has to be taken within shortest period of time before possible exposure

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7
Q

Primaquine:

A

prophylaxis or treatment; in hepatic stage and treats dormant forms of malaria

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8
Q

Tafenoquine like primaquine but has a

A

longer half life

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9
Q

Primaquine

Population of people that don’t get it have a G6P deficiency

A

Keep up antioxidant supply and less able to neutralize free radicals (end up with hemolytic anemia)

malaria

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10
Q

Mefloquine:

A

prophylaxis or treatment

malaria

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11
Q

Causes psychiatric disfunction

A

Mefloquine

malaria

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12
Q

○ Contraindication: patients with present psychiatric issues
○ Not first line and used if coartem if not available

A

Mefloquine:

malaria

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13
Q

what disease is this?

Uncomplicated Other species: uses of oral medications

○ Higher dose of medications listed above
○ Chloroquine is used with organism that is still sensitive to drug

A

malaria

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14
Q

what is used?

P.Falciparum : (uncomplicated symtoms of malaria)

A

artemisinin (oral medication)

malaria

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15
Q

Severe: malaria symptoms

A

anemia, respiratory difficulties, renal/hepatic failure, cognitive disfunction

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16
Q

best treatment option for severe malaria with complications

A

artesunate

malaria

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17
Q

IV form of ___ : effective against malaria especially P. falciparum

A

artemisinin (class) : artesunate

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18
Q

Quinine/quinidine:

A

not used for treatment in US

malaria

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19
Q

to treat or not to treat?
* symptoms (acute or chronic) - * treat all acute
* age( older than 50 with —— and no symptoms because they wont live long enough)

A

AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS (chagas)

20
Q

what does it treat?

Benznidazole: in nitroimidazole class

A

AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS

(BAN) : Benznidazole , american, nifurtimox
## Footnote

AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS

21
Q

Benznidazole causes

A

Cause a type of dermatitis, bone marrow suppression, peripheral neuropathy

AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS

22
Q

Benznidazole contraindication

A

Contraindication: pregnancy, renal and hepatic disfunction, constant monitoring of vitals

AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS

23
Q

treats what?

○ Nifurtimox:
§ MOA unclear
§ Lots neurological side effects
§ Contraindication: pregnancy, constant monitoring of vitals
§ Cns toxicitiy, temors, insomina
§ Treat for 90 days

A

AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS

24
Q

what medication? treats what?

  • Lots neurological side effects
  • Contraindication: pregnancy, constant monitoring of vitals
  • Cns toxicitiy, temors, insomina
A

Nifurtimox, AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS

25
Q

What drug treats?
west african and no cns

A

pentamidine

there are no pens in west africa

26
Q

west african and CNS

A

eflornithine, +/- nifurtimox

27
Q

east african and no cns

A

suramin

T.brueci :rhodiese

28
Q

east african and cns

A

melarsoprol

29
Q

Asymptomatic intestinal infection

AMEBIASIS

A

Generally not treated in endemic areas

30
Q

asymptomatic

Nonendemic areas =

AMEBIASIS

A

treated with a luminal amebicide

paromomycin

31
Q

US treatment for amebiasis

A

paromomycin

32
Q

drug and diease it treats

Drug of choice in its class because it is not absorbed well in lumen

A

paromomycin, AMEBIASIS

33
Q

Used from treatment of extraluminal amebiasis

A

Metronidazole & Tinidazole

AMEBIASIS

34
Q
  • Amebic colitis
A

○ Treatment of choice: Metronidazole + a luminal amebicide is treatment of choice for amebic colitis and dysentery

35
Q

Tetracyclines and erythromycin are alternative drugs for

A

moderate colitis but are not effective against extraintestinal disease

AMEBIASIS

36
Q

Cannot drink alcohol due to disulfiram-like effect (nausea and vomiting)

A

Metronidazole & Tinidazole

amebiasis

37
Q

Giardiasis:

A

metronidazole (better tolerated since only a lower dose is needed)

38
Q

Get Me Tea Now Please

A

Giardia
Metronidazole
Tiniazole
Nitazoxanide
Paromomycin

39
Q

PIE

A

Paromycin (if in america)
or Iodoqunol
Entamoeba

P or I treat Entamoeba for asymtopmatic in the US

40
Q

MET THEN PIE

A

Metronidazole
Entamoeba
Tiniazole
then
Paromycin
or Iodoqunol
Entamoeba

for liver abcess

41
Q

what do you use for symptomatic entamoeba?

A

paromycin

42
Q

most appropriate to treat the hemolymphatic stage of Trypanosoma brucei infection

A

pentamidine and suramin.

43
Q

is an antimalarial drug used to treat Plasmodium infection

A

Mefloquine

44
Q

is used in the meningoencephalitic stage of Trypanosoma brucei infection.

A

Melarsoprol

45
Q

is an antiprotozoal agent used to treat Trypanosoma cruzi

A

Benznidazole

46
Q

Treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium infection includes which of the following?

A

chloroquine or mefloquine (in areas with chloroquine resistance)

47
Q

Treatment for chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum infection includes which of the following?

A

atovaquone/proguanil,

Microbiology (21 decks)

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