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Microbiology > Antivirals > Flashcards

Antivirals Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Drug target: attachment

Attachment, block with neutralizing antibodies to ?

A

viral attachment proteins

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2
Q

antitoxins for botulism and diphtheria are with which drug target?

A

attachment

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3
Q

Drug target: attachment

hyperimmune globulins for postexposure prophylaxis for what diseases?

A

Hepatits B Virus, rabies, tetanus, varicella

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4
Q

what drug target blocks with receptor antagonists

A

Drug target: attachment

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5
Q

Drug target: attachment

block with receptor antagonist means?

A

peptide or sugar analogs of the cell receptor or viral attachment protein

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6
Q

compounds that bind to CCR5 on macrophages and some CD4 T-cells (HIV) is apart of what drug target?

A

Drug target: attachment

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7
Q

nucleotide biosynthesis and mutation drug?

A

ribavirin

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8
Q

mutation: why?

A

a reason its hard to make antivirals

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9
Q

thymidine kinase( drug activation) drugs?

A

acyclovir and penciclovir

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10
Q

neuraminidase drugs?

A

zanamivir, oseltamivir

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11
Q

maraviroc

A

antagonist of the CCR5,

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12
Q

DRUG TARGET: PENETRATION & UNCOATING

Docosanol what does it do?

A

Inhibits the fusion of enveloped viruses (HSV) , used topically

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13
Q

DRUG TARGET: PENETRATION & UNCOATING

Enfuvirtide (Fuzeon) what does it do?

A

Inhibits HIV’s viral fusion protein gp41

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14
Q

Inhibiting mRNA synthesis does not make for a good target for antiviral drugs, but drugs do exist. what drug?

A

DRUG TARGET: TRANSCRIPTION

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15
Q

Sofosbuvir

DRUG TARGET: TRANSCRIPTION

A

Prodrug for a nucleoside analog

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16
Q

what drug inhibits HCV RNA-dependent RNA polymerase
(NS5B)?

DRUG TARGET: TRANSCRIPTION

A

Sofosbuvir

17
Q

Ribavirin

A

Resembles riboguanosine and promotes hypermutation and inhibits nucleoside biosynthesis, mRNA capping, and other processes (cellular and viral) important to the replication of HCV

DRUG TARGET: TRANSCRIPTION

18
Q

what medication gets trap in erthocytes and causes hemolytic anemia?

A

Ribavirin

DRUG TARGET: TRANSCRIPTION

19
Q

Inhibits influenza A and B viral
polymerase
what drug does this?

A

Baloxavir marboxil

DRUG TARGET: TRANSCRIPTION

20
Q

Inhibits the cap snatching
endonuclease activity of the viral polymerase, what drug does this?

A

Baloxavir marboxil

DRUG TARGET: TRANSCRIPTION

21
Q

Type 1 interferons function?

A

Attachment of polyethylene glycol to
IFN-α (pegylated IFN-α) increases its potency

DRUG TARGET: TRANSCRIPTION

22
Q

what drug target is this?

Block viral replication by degrading viral and cellular mRNAs.
- Blocks ribosomal
assembly
- Treats HPV, HCV

A

Type 1 interferons

DRUG TARGET: TRANSCRIPTION

23
Q

immunomodulators target what?

A

drug target: transcription , interferons, imiquimod

DRUG TARGET: TRANSCRIPTION

24
Q

STAT1 deficiency

A

viral vaccines, respiratoy viruses, encephalitis (HSV), CMV Mycobacteria

DRUG TARGET: TRANSCRIPTION

25
Q

imiquimod

A

binds to toll-like receptors

IMMUNOMODULATORS: INTERFERONS, IMIQUIMOD

26
Q

used to treat HPV, gential warts?

A

imiquimod and Type 1 interferons

IMMUNOMODULATORS: INTERFERONS, IMIQUIMOD

27
Q

DRUG TARGET:
GENOME REPLICATION

A

Most antiviral drugs are nucleoside
analogs, which are compounds with
modifications of the base, sugar, or
both

28
Q

Before being used by the polymerase,
the nucleoside analogs must be

A

phosphorylated to the triphosphate
form by viral enzymes (e.g., HSV
thymidine kinase), cellular enzymes, or
both

DRUG TARGET: GENOME REPLICATION

29
Q

in genome replication enzyme targets
DNA-dependent DNA
polymerase of the ?

A

herpesviruses (hsv)

DRUG TARGET: GENOME REPLICATION

30
Q

in genome replication the enzyme target reverse transcriptase of

A

HIV and
hepatitis B virus (HBV)

DRUG TARGET: GENOME REPLICATION

31
Q

Nonnucleoside reverse
transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs), HIV drugs are ?

A

HIV drugs: nevirapine, delavirdine

DRUG TARGET: GENOME REPLICATION

32
Q

Polymerase inhibitors:
phosphonoformic acid (foscarnet,
PFA), phosphonoacetic acid (PAA), takes pkace in what drug target?

A

DRUG TARGET: GENOME REPLICATION

DRUG TARGET: GENOME REPLICATION

33
Q

Inhibit posttranslational modification of
proteins

A

Protease inhibitors

DRUG TARGET: PROTEIN SYNTHESIS,VIRION ASSEMBLY & RELEASE

34
Q

what virus does this treat?

grazoprevir, glicaprevir, simeprevir

A

(HCV)

DRUG TARGET: PROTEIN SYNTHESIS,VIRION ASSEMBLY & RELEASE

35
Q

what virus does this treat?

Saquinavir, ritonavir, and indinavir

A

HIV

DRUG TARGET: PROTEIN SYNTHESIS,VIRION ASSEMBLY & RELEASE

36
Q

what virus does this treat?

Nirmatrelvir

A

SARS-CoV-2

DRUG TARGET: PROTEIN SYNTHESIS,VIRION ASSEMBLY & RELEASE

37
Q

elvitegravir, doltuegravir, BI-224436, what virus does it inhibit?

A

HIV, intergrase inhibitor

Integrase inhibitors

38
Q

these drugs target the protease (NS3/4A), the NS5A protein, and the polymerase (NS5B). what virus?

A

HCV

39
Q

valacyclovir, treats what virus?

A

herpes

Microbiology (21 decks)

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