INTRACELLULAR TRANSPORT Flashcards
Your cells cannot use channel, carrier, or active transport proteins to move ______ substances across the cell membrane
Larger
Endocytosis
Enables the cell membrane to surround (engulf) larger substances to import them
Phagocytosis
Cellular eating
Type of endocytosis that enables single cell species to import nutritious food particles
The particle is delivered to the lysosome for digestion
Phagocytosis
Enables your WBCs to import and eliminate foreign invaders (viruses + bacteria)
-Dead or defective human cells
-Dead pathogens
-Harmful substances (toxins)
Vesicles
Small, transport, compartments (small bladders) formed by a lipid bilayer that contain one or more substances
Pinocytosis
Cellular drinking
A type of endocytosis that enables cells to import the surrounding extracellular fluid and the dissolved substances it contains
-Water molecules (bulk transport)
-Ca, Cl, Fe, H, K, Mg, Na
-Food molecules
-Foreign molecules
-Maintain tissue fluid levels
-Retrieve water and other substances from urine
Receptor mediated endocytosis
Import specific large particles in a regulated manner
The receptor makes this process selective to import
-Lipoproteins that transport lipids
-Hormones and other signal molecules
-Antibodies attached to harmful substances
-Transferrin particles that transport iron atoms
Medical consequences of defective receptor mediated endocytosis
-Endocrine system disruption
-Increased risk of plaque formation in blood vessels, which increase cardiovascular disease risk
-Some pharmaceuticals stimulate LDL import by receptor mediated endocytosis
The cells use _________ to export molecules that cannot be exported using channel, carrier, or active transport proteins
Exocytosis
When cells receive the proper signal, vesicles containing the molecules to be exported will
-Be transported to the cell membrane
-Fuse with the cell membrane
-Discharge their contents into the ECF
Exocytosis enables your
-Endocrine cells to release hormones
-Neurons to release neurotransmitters
-Cells to release indigestible waste products for disposal
The cytoskeleton protein filaments are the
-Actin filaments (microfilaments)
-Intermediate filaments
-Microtubules
What structures form the cell’s internal highway transport network
-Actin filaments
-Microtubules
Three families of _____ proteins enable intracellular transport within eukaryotic cells
Motor
