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Microanatomy > Integument (Exam 2) > Flashcards

Integument (Exam 2) Flashcards

1
Q

(T/F) The bovine digit can also be called the claw.

A

False

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2
Q

Thick, non-hairy skin is made up of _______ and _______.

A

epidermis
dermis

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3
Q

Epidermis has living cells, _______, that produce ________.

A

keratinocytes
keratin

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4
Q

Term for dermis of the hoof

A

corium

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5
Q

(T/F) The cells in the dermis produce the epidermis.

A

FALSE

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6
Q

What tissue is only in some parts of the hoof?

A

subcutaneous tissue

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7
Q

The hoof is divided into ___ parts in ruminants and the pig, and ___ parts in the horse.

A

5
6

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8
Q

What do all regions of the hoof consist of?

A

epidermis + dermis

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9
Q

Each region of the hoof has a dermis with either _______ or _______.

A

papillae
lamellae

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10
Q

Name the 6 regions of the hoof. Which is only in the horse?

A
  1. limbus
  2. corona
  3. wall
  4. sole
  5. bulb of the heel
  6. frog (only equine)
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11
Q

The keratin of the hoof is called ______.

A

horn

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12
Q

The epidermis of the limbus of the hoof is called ______

A

periople

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13
Q

What is unique about the keratin the periople produces in the limbus?

A

soft keratin (like nail cuticle)

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14
Q

All regions of the hoof have dermal papillae except _____ which has lamellae.

A

wall (deep part of the wall)

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15
Q

The dermis of the limbus is also called _______.

A

perioplic corium

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16
Q

Which region of the hoof is just deep to the periople?

A

corona

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17
Q

2 terms for the combination of the limbus and corona of the hoof?

A

coronet
coronary band

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18
Q

The epidermis of the corona forms the hoof wall called _________.

A

stratum medium

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19
Q

(T/F) Hooved animals do not feel pain when trimming the stratum medium.

A

True

20
Q

The dermis of the corona is called _______.

A

coronary corium

21
Q

The subcutaneous tissue of the corona of the hoof is also called _______.

A

coronary cushion

22
Q

The lamellae of the dermis of the wall of the hoof are also called what 3 terms?

A
  1. lamellar corium
  2. laminar corium
  3. sensitive laminae
23
Q

Term for dermis of the sole of the hoof

A

sole corium

24
Q

Soft region where the periople of the limbus expands

A

bulb of the heel

25
Q

Bulb of the heel is also called _______.

A

torus ungulae

26
Q

Another term for frog of the hoof

A

cuneus ungulae

27
Q

What glands are present in the dermis of the frog?

A

eccrine or merocrine glands

28
Q

Function of eccrine glands in the dermis of the frog

A

moisten to keep dirt in hoof from getting too dry and packing

29
Q

Term for subcutaneous tissue of the frog

A

digital cushion

30
Q

Function of thick, subcutaneous tissue in the frog

A

compression when hoof strikes ground

31
Q

What are the 3 parts of the keratinized (horny) part of the wall of the hoof?

A
  1. stratum externum
  2. stratum medium
  3. stratum internum
32
Q

The stratum externum of the keratinized part of the wall is a continuation of what?

A

stratum corneum of periople

33
Q

The stratum medium is a continuation of __________.

A

stratum corneum of coronary epidermis

34
Q

What are the two types of keratin (horn) of the stratum medium?

A
  1. tubular horn
  2. intertubular horn
35
Q

Tubular horn is produced by epidermal cells located where in regards to the coronary corium papillae?

A

tips + sides

36
Q

What structures are within the tubular horn made of a cortex and medulla?

A

horn tubules

37
Q

Keratinized cells in the (cortex/medulla) of horn tubules of the stratum medium are organized in _______.

A

cortex
spirals

38
Q

What is the function of the spiral-like keratinized cell organization in the cortex of horn tubules?

A

absorb force

39
Q

The intertubular horn of the stratum medium (one of the types of horn) is produced by epidermal cells of the corona oriented where?

A

between coronary corium papillae

40
Q

Which layer of the keratinized part of the wall has keratin but the living cells that produce them are dead?

A

stratum internum

41
Q

The stratum internum of the keratinized part of the wall of hoof consists of keratinized ___________.

A

primary lamellae

42
Q

Primary lamellae give off _________.

A

secondary lamellae

43
Q

Why is laminitis so painful?

A

interdigitations of primary/secondary epidermal w/ dermal lamellae distributes weight; problem in laminitis

44
Q

Ruminant and swine hooves have only ________ epidermal and dermal lamellae.

A

primary

45
Q

In claws, the dermis covers ________ of PIII (bone).

A

unguicular process

46
Q

Are epidermis and dermis of claws vascular or avascular?

A

epidermis: avascular
dermis: vascular

Microanatomy (21 decks)

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