Ingestion Of Organic Material: Heterotrophic Flashcards
Ameba
Food is engulfed by phagosynthesis (use pseudopods), waste is removed via cell membrane (diffusion), food is enclosed in vacuoles that merge with a lysosome
Paramecium
Food moves along “cilia” to oral grove, waste is removed via anal pore, food is enclosed in vacuoles that merge with a lysosome
Cell Membrane
selectively regulates flow of material
Fluid mosaic models
movement of embedded proteins “waves”
Factors of movement
Size, solubility, change, PH
Size
Small, moves freely, and waste products
Solubility
Hydrophobic/lipids/hydrophilic
Change
Polarity
PH
High [ ] or low [ ]
Large molecules
need a receptor site for entry or exit
Cystic fibrosis
Defect in chlorine channel
mucus build up in lungs -> recurring infection -> death
“CFTR” gene
Diffusion and Passive Transport
No energy required, involves a [ ] gradient
[ ⬆️ ] gradient particles
Begins to collide, generates kinetic energy, no energy required “Downhill,” will occur until an equilibrium is met
Active Transport
Energy is required by the cell proteins embedded in cell membrane (receptors), move particles against a [ ] gradient “uphill”
[ ⬇️ ] gradient particles
Diffusion = passive transport
Bc the energy is from the kinetic energy during particle collision
Pinocytosis
(Pinch off) cellular drinking, large DISSOLVED molecule enclosed by membrane becoming a vacuole
Phagocytosis
(Engulf or swallow) large UNDISSOLVED molecule engulfed and surrounded with in a vacuole
Intracellular Circulation
Diffusion and cyclosis
Diffusion
May also involve the ER
Cyclosis
Natural streaming of cytoplasm and is filtered out by the ER
CODA
Cyclosis, osmosis, diffusion, active transport
Vacuolar tissues
Xylem and phloem conduct to the rest of the plant
Step 1
The surface area of the root
H20 and minerals are
Absorbed via asmass, diffusion, and active transport
Step two
Conduct the absorbed material to the stem
Xylem and Phloem of the roots
Continuous to those of the stem
Xylem and phloem of the stem
Continuous to those of the leaves
Xylem and phloem of the leaves “veins”
Continuous to those of both the stem and the roots
Protist
Material transported back and forth = diffusion and active transport circulation = diffusion and cyclosis
Arteries
Nutrients + O2 = high pressure
Veins
Waste + CO2 = low pressure
Capillary
= exchange below arteries and veins “diffusion”
*uses [gradient] not pressure!
