Inflammatory Mediators Review

Question 1

Rolling is mediated by ________.

Answer 1

selectins

Question 2

Adhesion is mediated by _______.

Answer 2

integrins (ICAM-1)

Question 3

Which inflammatory mediators are cell-derived?

Answer 3

Histamine, serotonin, prostaglandins, leukotrienes, platelet-activating factor, cytokines, chemokines, nitric oxide, and reactive oxygen species

Question 4

Which inflammatory mediators are plasma-protein derived?

Answer 4

Complement, kinins, and proteases activated during coagulation

Question 5

The two main inflammatory receptors are _________.

Answer 5

TLRs and inflammasomes

Question 6

What induces histamine release?

Answer 6

Physical stress, IgE, C3a, C5a, IL-1, and IL-8

Question 7

Endothelial activation is mediated by ______.

Answer 7

TNF (released by M1 macrophages), IL-1 (released by M1 macrophages), histamine (released by mast cells), and thrombin

Question 8

The three most important opsonizing agents are ______.

Answer 8

IgG, C3b, and mannose-binding lectin

Question 9

_______ and _______ are TNF inhibitors.

Answer 9

Infliximab (Remicade) and etanercept (Enbrel)

Question 10

List five anti-inflammatory factors.

Answer 10

C1 inhibitors, alpha-1-antitrypsin, IL-10, TGF-beta, and lipoxins

Question 11

What is the link between the clotting cascade, the kinin cascade, the complement cascade, and the fibrinolytic cascade?

Answer 11

Hageman Factor XII