Dermatologic Infections and Infestations Flashcards
Impetigo is _______.
a superficial bacterial infection of the skin
Honey-colored crust, lymphadenopathy, and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis are associated with ______.
streptococcal non-bullous impetigo
Streptococcal impetigo is more common in _______, while staphylococcal impetigo is more common in ______.
children; adults
What are risk factors for cellulitis?
Being very young, very old, immunocompromised, an IV drug user, or having chronic ulcers
_________ can cause cellulitis in children.
Haemophilus influenzae
Erysipelas presents as _________.
raised, erythematous plaques on the face; caused by infection
Cellulitis presents with _________.
variable lymphadenopathy and common lymphatic streaking`
Dermatophytes eat _______.
keratin
What two areas does epidermophyton commonly affect?
The groin and the feet
Microsporum ________ under light.
fluoresces
_______ is the most common fungus.
Trichophyton
“Ringworm” is _______. It is caused by ______
tinea; fungi moving outward in a radius to get to healthy, keratinizing tissue
Occipital lymphadenopathy is associated with __________.
tinea capitis
Tinea capitis can be either _________.
gray patches or black dots
Kerions are _________.
fungal infections with lots of inflammation and edema – requires systemic anti-fungal treatment
If you treat fungal infections with steroids, then you get _________.
Majocchi’s granuloma: a fungal infections of the hair follicles
Tinea manum is usually __________.
unilateral
KOH is used to _________.
test for fungi; a positive test will have visible hyphae
Subungual fungal infections must be treated with __________.
systemic anti-fungals
________ is a normal fungal organism. The most common pathogenic species is ______.
Candida; candida albicans
Unlike dermatophytes, which eat keratin, candida fungi eat _______.
glucose
Common sites of candida infection include __________.
the back of the throat (oral thrush), labial commisures, diaper area, and in between the digits
Candida hyphae are _______ than dermatophyte hyphae.
plumber and less septate
Tinea versicolor is caused by _________, a fungus that metabolizes _______.
Malassezia furfur; lipids
Tinea versicolor is confined to ______ patients.
post-pubertal
Scabies only pass _________.
through person-to-person contact (highest prevalence in children and sexually active adults)
Scabies presents as ___________.
itchiness in flexural areas and soft-skin areas;
Patients who do not have a good immune system or who cannot itch get ________.
Norwegian scabies (because itching is actually good to treat scabies)
Mite feces are called ________.
scybala
Body lice are commonly found on _________.
clothing, because they do not adhere to body hair
List the five major anti-microbial peptides produced by the skin.
Alpha-defensins, beta-defensins, cathelicidins, RNase7, and psoriasin
Staphylococcus aureus can cause _________ impetigo.
bullous and non-bullous
