Dermatologic Infections and Infestations

Question 1

Impetigo is _______.

Answer 1

a superficial bacterial infection of the skin

Question 2

Honey-colored crust, lymphadenopathy, and post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis are associated with ______.

Answer 2

streptococcal non-bullous impetigo

Question 3

Streptococcal impetigo is more common in _______, while staphylococcal impetigo is more common in ______.

Answer 3

children; adults

Question 4

What are risk factors for cellulitis?

Answer 4

Being very young, very old, immunocompromised, an IV drug user, or having chronic ulcers

Question 5

_________ can cause cellulitis in children.

Answer 5

Haemophilus influenzae

Question 6

Erysipelas presents as _________.

Answer 6

raised, erythematous plaques on the face; caused by infection

Question 7

Cellulitis presents with _________.

Answer 7

variable lymphadenopathy and common lymphatic streaking`

Question 8

Dermatophytes eat _______.

Answer 8

keratin

Question 9

What two areas does epidermophyton commonly affect?

Answer 9

The groin and the feet

Question 10

Microsporum ________ under light.

Answer 10

fluoresces

Question 11

_______ is the most common fungus.

Answer 11

Trichophyton

Question 12

“Ringworm” is _______. It is caused by ______

Answer 12

tinea; fungi moving outward in a radius to get to healthy, keratinizing tissue

Question 13

Occipital lymphadenopathy is associated with __________.

Answer 13

tinea capitis

Question 14

Tinea capitis can be either _________.

Answer 14

gray patches or black dots

Question 15

Kerions are _________.

Answer 15

fungal infections with lots of inflammation and edema – requires systemic anti-fungal treatment

Question 16

If you treat fungal infections with steroids, then you get _________.

Answer 16

Majocchi’s granuloma: a fungal infections of the hair follicles

Question 17

Tinea manum is usually __________.

Answer 17

unilateral

Question 18

KOH is used to _________.

Answer 18

test for fungi; a positive test will have visible hyphae

Question 19

Subungual fungal infections must be treated with __________.

Answer 19

systemic anti-fungals

Question 20

________ is a normal fungal organism. The most common pathogenic species is ______.

Answer 20

Candida; candida albicans

Question 21

Unlike dermatophytes, which eat keratin, candida fungi eat _______.

Answer 21

glucose

Question 22

Common sites of candida infection include __________.

Answer 22

the back of the throat (oral thrush), labial commisures, diaper area, and in between the digits

Question 23

Candida hyphae are _______ than dermatophyte hyphae.

Answer 23

plumber and less septate

Question 24

Tinea versicolor is caused by _________, a fungus that metabolizes _______.

Answer 24

Malassezia furfur; lipids

Question 25

Tinea versicolor is confined to ______ patients.

Answer 25

post-pubertal

Question 26

Scabies only pass _________.

Answer 26

through person-to-person contact (highest prevalence in children and sexually active adults)

Question 27

Scabies presents as ___________.

Answer 27

itchiness in flexural areas and soft-skin areas;

Question 28

Patients who do not have a good immune system or who cannot itch get ________.

Answer 28

Norwegian scabies (because itching is actually good to treat scabies)

Question 29

Mite feces are called ________.

Answer 29

scybala

Question 30

Body lice are commonly found on _________.

Answer 30

clothing, because they do not adhere to body hair

Question 31

List the five major anti-microbial peptides produced by the skin.

Answer 31

Alpha-defensins, beta-defensins, cathelicidins, RNase7, and psoriasin

Question 32

Staphylococcus aureus can cause _________ impetigo.

Answer 32

bullous and non-bullous