Antiviral Agents

Question 1

What does neuraminidase do?

Answer 1

It cleaves the N-acetyl neuraminic from host-cell receptors, leading to viral budding.

Question 2

______ and ________ inhibit neuraminidase.

Answer 2

Oseltamivir; Zanamivir

Question 3

How effective is Oseltamivir in preventing influenza?

Answer 3

70% - 90%

Question 4

All of the -amivir drugs act to inhibit ______.

Answer 4

neuraminidase

Question 5

Zanamivir can impair ___________.

Answer 5

lung function, by inducing cough and bronchospasm

Question 6

Amantadine and rimantadine both act on _________.

Answer 6

viral h+ pumps, which are required for uncoating in the cytoplasm

Question 7

Rimantadine cannot get into the _______ very well.

Answer 7

CNS

Question 8

Valacyclovir, acyclovir, and ganciclovir all work by ________.

Answer 8

creating acyclovir triphosphate, which mimics DNA and disrupts viral DNA production

Question 9

All of the acyclovir drugs only work on ________.

Answer 9

viruses that utilize thymidine kinase (this is the first phosphorylation step)

Question 10

Acyclovir is ________ eliminated.

Answer 10

renally (thus adjust dose in infants and those with renal impairment)

Question 11

Ganciclovir works in a similar way to _______, but has the side effects of ______.

Answer 11

valacyclovir and acyclovir; bone marrow depression

Question 12

Cidofovir works by _________, but it has the negative side effect of ________.

Answer 12

mimicking nucleotides that viral DNA polymerases use; nephrotoxicity

Question 13

What two drugs block HIV entry?

Answer 13

Enfuvirtide and maraviroc

Question 14

What drug blocks HSV entry?

Answer 14

Docosanol

Question 15

Palivizumab blocks the entry of which virus?

Answer 15

RSV

Question 16

Valacyclovir requires a __________ to be activated.

Answer 16

phase I esterase

Question 17

Which two viral-DNA disruptors can only be given topically?

Answer 17

Penciclovir and vidarabine-trifluridine

Question 18

RSV can be treated with _____, a nucleoside analog, but because of adverse effects should be restricted to the more severe cases.

Answer 18

ribavirin

Question 19

What two drugs are used to treat CMV?

Answer 19

Ganciclovir and valganciclovir

Question 20

Which DNA mimetic does not require cellular activation?

Answer 20

Foscarnet

Question 21

Which has better absorption, acyclovir or valacyclovir?

Answer 21

Valacyclovir