Inflammation

Question 1

Types

Answer 1

Complete (regeneration), Incomplete (repair) and chronic inflam

Question 2

Vascular Response

Answer 2

Microvascular dilation
Flow increases initially
Flow decreases as permeability increases due to histamine, bradykinin and NO

Question 3

Exudative Response

Answer 3

Leakly capillaries let big molecules out
Proteins high in Ig+ fibrinogen
Moves to lymph nodes

Question 4

Cellular Response

Answer 4

Neutrophils externally accumulate then move to site of inflam via chemotaxis
Pus= neutrophils, debris, bacteria

Question 5

Chronic Inflam

Answer 5

Inappropriate
Slow onset but long-lasting
Involves macrophages, plasma cells and lymphocytes
Get fibrous tissue from granulation tissue and macrophages

Question 6

Granuloma

Answer 6

Epithelial histiocytes, lymphocytes and histiocytic giant cells
Caused by bacteria, parasites, fungi and synthetic materials

Question 7

Granulation Tissue

Answer 7

Grows up from base of wound

Myofibroblasts lay down collagen which contract to close wound

Question 8

Regeneration

Answer 8

Stem cells replicate tissue
Controlled by contact inhibition and growth factors
Perfect in labile cell populations (active stem cells e.g. epithelia)
Okay in stable cell populations (e.g. tubules and liver)
Not possible in permanent populations (e.g. neurons and muscle)

Question 9

Repair

Answer 9

Normal structure can’t be replaced so scarry occurs

Healing by second intention

Question 10

Healing

Answer 10

First intention= good haemostasis, clean wound, little granulation tissue
Second= more scarring, tissue lost

Question 11

Fracture

Answer 11

Haemotoma forms
Osteoblasts make callus
Necrotic parts removed
Lamellar bone formed