Cell Injury

Question 1

Oxygen Damage

Answer 1

Get ischaemia and damage from free radicals

Question 2

Coagulative Necrosis

Answer 2

Denaturation of cytoplasms proteins

Cellular proteins leak into blood

Question 3

Colliquative Necrosis

Answer 3

Occurs in brain

Liquefies and makes a cyst

Question 4

Caseous Necrosis

Answer 4

Like TB

Replaced with granulomatous inflam

Question 5

Gangrenous Necrosis

Answer 5

Dry gangrene in extremities

Wet if infected or in GI

Question 6

Apoptosis

Answer 6

No inflam response as programmed
Extrinsic pathway has Fas and TNF
p53=death signal
Bal-2 inhibits apoptosis as it stop Cytochrome C

Question 7

Atheroma

Answer 7

Due to lipid accumulation in intima
Monocytes eat fat and become foam cells
Foam cells secrete cytokines making smooth muscle proliferate

Question 8

Ischaemia

Answer 8

Damage due to lack of waste removal

Can get reperfusion injury as free radicals made by inflam cells

Question 9

Shock

Answer 9

Hypovolaemic
Cardiogenic
Distributive (severe vasodilation)
Septic (more cytokines, DIC)
Anaphylactic
Neurogenic (lose symp vascular tone)
TSS (super Ags bind to class 2 MHC)
Obstructive

Question 10

Errors of Metabolism

Answer 10

e.g.
Polyphyrins accumulation
Defects in fatty acid oxidation causing KA
Defective androgen receptors