Diseases

Question 1

Measles

Answer 1

RNA virus
Resp droplet spread
Symps= fever, conjunctivitis, cough, rhinitis, rash, Koplik spots
Comps= deafness, pneumonia, diarrhoea

Question 2

Varicella

Answer 2

Resp droplet spread
Symps= fever, malaise, anorexia, scabby rash
Comps= pneumonitis, CNS spread
Treatment= aciclovir and chlorphenamine

Question 3

Rubella

Answer 3

RNA virus
Droplet spread
Symps= fever, headache, lymphadenopathy, rash
Congenital syndrome in pregnancy (deafness etc)

Question 4

Parvovirus

Answer 4

DNA virus
Droplet and maternal spread
Minor resp symps+ rash
Miscarriage in pregnancy

Question 5

Enteroviral

Answer 5

Mostly asymp
Faecal-oral or skin transmission
Symps= fever, rash, meningitis

Question 6

Metapneumovirus

Answer 6

Symps= headache, fever, cold, cough, pneumonia

Question 7

Adenovirus

Answer 7

Get mild URTI, conjunctivitis and diarrhoea

Question 8

Parainfluenza

Answer 8

Get croup, bronchiolitis, URTI

Question 9

Rotavirus

Answer 9

RNA virus
Faecal-oral + resp
Low infective dose
D+V for 4 wks

Question 10

Mumps

Answer 10

Spread by resp droplets
Symps= earache, parotid swelling, pain, fever, malaise, headache, fever
Comps= meningitis, pancreatitis, oophritis

Question 11

Rhinosinusitis

Answer 11

Causes= post viral, allergic, s pneumoniae, h influenzae, strep millen, anaerobes, fungi
Comps= chronic sinusitis, osteomyelitis, meningitis, abscess

Question 12

Pharyngitis

Answer 12

Causes= strep pyogenes (need penicillin), viruses

Rare causes= gonnorhoea, diptheria (need erythromycin+ penicillin)

Question 13

Epiglottitis

Answer 13

Cellulitis of epiglottis

Causes= h influezae, s aureus

Question 14

Acute laryngotracheobronchitis

Answer 14

(croup)
Inflam of larynx and trachea after URTI
Often parainfluenza 2

Question 15

Whooping Cough

Answer 15

Cause= bordatella pertussis
Treatment= erythromycin
Comps= otitis media, pneumonia, convulsions, subconjunctival haemorrhages

Question 16

Otitis Externa

Answer 16

Acute= s aureus or pseudomonas
Chronic= inflam (no aminoglycosides)
Malignant= pseudomonas, need IV ceftazidime+ ciprofloxacin

Question 17

Otitis Media

Answer 17

Inflam due to fluid
Causes= viral, h influenzae, s pneumoniae, m catarrhalis
Treatment= amoxicillin

Question 18

Mastoiditis

Answer 18

Inflam of mastoid air cells
Cause= otitis media
Treatment= co-amoxiclav

Question 19

Rhinitis

Answer 19

Runny nose and eye probs
Triggers= dust, fur, pollen
Treatment= antihistamines, nasal steroids

Question 20

Dermatitis

Answer 20

Allergic or idiopathic
Get itching, blistering, cracked skin
Il-31 causes itch to break skin more
Skin leathery as hyperkeratosis and hyperplasia
Oedema in epidermis
Treatment= topical steroids, moisturiser