Indian Geography 2 Flashcards
Places with alluvial soil
Punjab, Haryana, UP, Bihar, Jharkhand
Places with black soil
Deccan plateau, Andhra Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, Tamil Nadu
Places with red soil
Tamil Nadu, Orissa, Goa, Meghalaya
Places with laterite soil
Summits of eastern and western ghats, Assam, Karnataka, West Bengal, Orissa
Crop in alluvial soil
Wheat, rice, sugarcane, cotton, jute
Crop in black soil
Cotton, sugarcane, tobacco, wheat, rice
Crop in red soil
Wheat, rice, cotton, sugarcane, pulses
Crop in laterite soil
Tea, coffee, rubber, cashew
Types of kharif crops
Rice, jowar, bajra, maize, cotton, jute
Types of rabi crops
Wheat, barley, peas, rapeseed, mustard
Types of zaid crops
Melon, watermelon, leafy veggies, cucumber
____ is called Cottonpolis of India.
Maharashtra
___ is called Manchester of India
Ahmedabad
___ is called Manchester of South India
Coimbatore
First modern cotton mill was established in this city.
Bombay [1854]
- Bombay spinning and weaving company
First factory of synthetic rubber was set up in ___.
Bareilly [UP]
_____ is the leading sugarcane and sugar producing state in the country.
Uttar Pradesh
First electricity supply was set up here in India.
Darjeeling [1897]
These states are largely dependent on hydroelectricity.
Himachal Pradesh, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Meghalaya, Nagaland
First heavy water plant was set up in ____.
Nangal [Punjab]
India has the ___ largest railway network in Asia and ___ largest in the world.
2nd, 4th
First electric train in India was called ____.
Deccan Queen
- between Bombay and Pune
____ is Indian Railways’ fastest train, attaining speeds of 160 kmph between Delhi and Agra.
Gatimaan Express
India has the second biggest electrified system after ___.
Russia
The first metro rail was introduced in ____, between ___ and ___ stations.
Calcutta
Dumdum & Belgachhla
Oldest steam engine still running on rails.
Fairy Queen
____ has the longest train route in India.
Vivek Express
- connecting Dibrugarh [Assam] & Kanyakumari [TN]
- 8th longest in the world
Longest national highway in India
NH44
___ & ___ highways run along the east and west coast
NH15 & NH17
First person to take a solo flight from Mumbai to Karachi
JRD Tata
Oldest port in India
Kolkata port
Largest container port of India.
Jawaharlal Nehru port, Mumbai
New Mangalore port is also known as _____.
Gateway of Karnataka
____ is also known as the ‘city of buildings’.
Kolkata
- also called ‘city of castles’
____ is the Garden City of India
Bangalore
- also called the Silicon Valley of India
Switzerland of India
Kashmir
Queen of Arabian Sea
Cochin
City of Festivals in India
Madurai
____ state is also called the Rice bowl & Egg Bowl of India
Andhra Pradesh
Eastern most state of India
Arunachal Pradesh
- aka land of the rising sun
Smallest state in India by area
Goa
____ has the longest coastline
Gujarat
How many states in India have a forest cover more than the 75% of their geographical lands area?
7
- Mizoram, Lakshadweep, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Meghalaya and Manipur
The non-living component of ecosystems are called ___.
Abiotic
____ consume dead organisms.
Detritivores
Feeding positions in a food chain are called ____ levels.
Trophic levels
Ecological pyramids are also known as _____ pyramids.
Eltonian pyramids
- after Charles Elton
Gas responsible for greenhouse effect.
CO2
____ is an air pollutant used in refrigeration and air-conditioning.
Chlorofluorocarbon
___ & ___ are main air pollutants that contribute to smog and acid rain.
NO2 & SO2
____ represents the amount of oxygen consumed by bacteria while they decompose organic matter under aerobic conditions at a specified temperature.
Biochemical oxygen demand (BOD)
- indicator of organic pollution
The concept of biodiversity hotspots was created by ___.
Norman Myers
Biodiversity hotspots in India
4
- Western Ghats, Eastern Himalayas
_____ is a protocol in the UNFCCC focussing on global warming.
Kyoto Protocol
The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change predicted an average change in climate from 1.4°C to ___ by 2100.
5.8°C
Headquarters of WWF is in ____.
Switzerland
Headquarters of Green Peace is in ____.
Amsterdam
____ aims to achieve climate change mitigation by incentivising forest conservation.
REDD+
- reducing emissions from deforestation and forest degradation in developing countries, and the role of conservation, sustainable management of forests, and enhancement of forest carbon stocks in developing countries
___ is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion.
Montreal Protocol
- first meeting was in Helsinki
___ are certificates awarded to countries that successfully reduce emissions that cause global warming.
Carbon credit
Atmosphere, biosphere, lithosphere & hydrosphere are collectively called ___.
Geosphere
Largest salt lake in India
Sambhar lake, Rajasthan
Largest delta in the world
Ganga-Brahmaputra delta [Sundarbans]
Traditional name for the western ghats
Sahyadri
Wildlife sanctuaries in Karnataka
Bandhipur, Banerghatta, Bhadra, Dandeli, Tungabhadra, Nagarhole
Ghana bird sanctuary is in ___.
Rajasthan
Gir forests are in ____.
Gujarat
Mountain ranges between Indus and Sutlej are called ___.
Punjab Himalayas
Which landmass is known as the roof of the world?
Pamir Granthi
Largest drainage basin of the world
Nile river, Egypt
Where does Bhagirathi and Alakananda join?
Deva Prayag [Uttarakhand]
Yamuna meets Ganga in ____.
Allahabad
When did the first census take place in India?
1865 & 1872
- first synchronous census in India was held in 1881
Volcanic islands in India
Narcondam & Barren
Black cotton soil is also called ____.
Regur
Chandigarh was designed by ____.
Le Corbusier
Plateau between Aravali and Vindyachal hills.
Plateau of Malwa
Duncan Pass is located in ____.
Andaman Nicobar
Most common types of forests in India are ____.
Tropical deciduous
India is the ____ largest fish producing nation in the world.
Second
Area wise, India is the ___ largest country in the world.
7th
Gangotri and Yamunotri belong to ____ parallel range.
Himadri
____ rivers don’t drain into any sea.
Inland streams
- found in Rajasthan
India’s only active volcano is in ____.
Barren Islands in Andamans
Recognised scheduled languages in India
22
- Gujarati, Marathi, Hindi, Bengali, Assamese, Kannada, Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu, Santhali, Sanskrit, Urdu, Manipuri, Sindhi, Konkani, Nepali, Odiya, Punjabi, Kashmiri, Dogri, Bodo, Maithili
Classical languages in India
Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Odiya, Sanskrit, Kannada
Earliest proto-dravidian language
Tamil
State with highest and lowest sex ratio
Kerala, Haryana
Country with most known species of animals
Brazil