Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

TISSNET > General Science - Biology > Flashcards

General Science - Biology Flashcards

1
Q

Term ‘Biology’ was coined by:

A

Lamarck & Treviranus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Father of Biology

A

Aristotle

  • also the Father of Zoology
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Father of Botany

A

Theophrastus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Two phases of metabolism

A

Anabolism [constructive] & catabolism [destructive]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Basic structural and functional unit of all life

A

Cell

  • Cytology: study of cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

First living cell was discovered by:

A

Leeuwenhoek

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Term ‘cell’ was coined by:

A

Robert Hooke

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Cells that lack well-defined nucleus

A

Prokaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Cells present in unicellular and multicellular plant & animal cells.

A

Eukaryotes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Largest known cell

A

Ostrich egg cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Smallest known cells

A

Cells of PPLO

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Longest animal cell

A

Human nerve cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Largest human cell

A

Female ovum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Smallest human cell

A

Red blood cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Fluid present outside the nuclear membrane

A

Cytoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Fluid present inside the nuclear membrane

A

Nucleoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Non-living matter of the cell

A

Deutoplasm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Another term for cell membrane

A

Plasmalemma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

___ discovered mitochondria

A

R. Altman

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Folds in the mitochondria are called ___.

A

Cristae

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Power house of the cell

A

Mitochondria

  • energy stored as ATP
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Kitchen of the cell

A

Chloroplasts

  • plastids are present only in plant cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Who discovered the endoplasmic reticulum?

A

KR Porter

  • rough ER: protein synthesis
  • smooth ER: steroid synthesis & detoxification
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Site of protein synthesis in the cell

A

Ribosome

  • discovered by GE Palade
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

Suicidal bags of the cells

A

Lysosomes

  • discovered by de Duve
  • converts normal cells to cancer cells
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

____ pigment present in cell vacuoles gives colour to flowers.

A

Anthocyanin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

Who discovered the nucleus?

A

Robert Brown

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Controlling center of the cell

A

Chromatin

  • forms chromosomes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Bead like structures found on chromosomes are called ___.

A

Genes

  • made of DNA
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

Who won the Nobel Prize for their discovery of DNA?

A

James Watson & Francis Crick

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Four bases of DNA

A

Adenine & guanin [purine bases]

Cytosine & thymine [pyrimidine bases]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

Ratio of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen in carbohydrates

A

1:2:1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

Examples of monosaccharides

A

Glucose, ribose, galactose, fructose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

How much energy does 1 gm of glucose provide?

A

4.2 kcal / 17 kJ

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

Monosaccharide found in fruits & honey

A

D-fructose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

This carbohydrate is also known as invert sugar.

A

Sucrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

Examples of oligosaccharides

A

Sucrose, lactose, maltose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

Examples of polysaccharides

A

Cellulose, glycogen, starch

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Deficiency of protein causes ___ diseases.

A

Kwashiorkor [slim legs, bulging stomach]

Marasmus [loose muscles]

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

This biomolecule prevents heat loss from the body.

A

Lipids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

Vitamins were first discovered by ____.

A

FG Hopkin

  • term coined by C. Funk
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

Which are the fat-soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamin A, D, E, K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Which are the water soluble vitamins?

A

Vitamin B & C

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff is caused by a deficiency of ____.

A

Vitamin B

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What is a Zoophyte?

A

Animal that resembles a plant

46
Q

Normal human blood pressure is:

A

120/80

47
Q

In which organ is the ‘Bowman’s Capsule’ found?

A

Kidney

48
Q

Ripening of fruits is because of which plant hormones?

A

Ethylene

49
Q

A goitre is also called as?

A

Bronchocele

50
Q

Rickets is caused due to a deficiency in ____.

A

Vitamin D

51
Q

Scurvy (Sailor’s disease) is caused by a deficiency in ____.

A

Vitamin C

52
Q

Green vegetables are known to carry this vitamin.

A

Vitamin K

53
Q

Life originated on Earth ___ years ago.

A

3.5 billion

54
Q

Age of Fishes is known as ____.

A

Devonian era

55
Q

Age of Mammals is called _____.

A

Coenozoic era

56
Q

Age of Reptiles is called ____.

A

Mesozoic era

57
Q

Who proposed the 5 kingdom classification?

A

Whittaker

  • Monera, protista, fungi, plantae, animalia
58
Q

Amoeba, plasmodium, etc. fall under this phylum.

A

Protozoa

59
Q

Sycon and sponges fall under this phylum.

A

Porifera

60
Q

Examples of species in the annelida phylum.

A

Earthworms, leeches

61
Q

Examples of arthropods.

A

Crabs, prawns, cockroaches, flies, mosquitoes

62
Q

____ is the largest phylum.

A

Arthropoda

63
Q

All animals in this group are marine.

A

Echinodermata

  • only invertebrate animals with proper bone like structure
64
Q

First land vertebrates.

A

Amphibians

65
Q

The only snake that makes nests.

A

Cobra

66
Q

Largest zoo in India

A

Alipur zoo

67
Q

Egg laying mammals

A

Echidna & platypus

  • prototherians
68
Q

This sub-class of mammals bear immature children.

A

Metatherians

  • eg: Kangaroos
69
Q

Top layer of skin is called _____.

A

Epidermis

70
Q

Goitre is caused by a deficiency of ____.

A

Iodine

71
Q

Hardest part of the human body

A

Tooth enamel

72
Q

Stomach breaks down complex food materials to simple molecules through the process of ____.

A

Hydrolysis

73
Q

Starch splitting enzyme in salivary gland.

A

Ptyalin

  • converts starch to maltose
74
Q

Largest salivary gland in the human body.

A

Parotid gland

75
Q

Intestinal juices are acidic / alkaline.

A

Alkaline

76
Q

pH of saliva

A

6.8

77
Q

The islets of Langerhans are in the ____.

A

Pancreas

78
Q

Names of intestinal glands

A

Crypts of Lieberkuhn

Brunners gland

79
Q

Frogs breathe through their ____.

A

Skin

80
Q

Chambers of the heart that receive blood from blood tissues

A

Auricles

81
Q

Chambers of the heart that pump blood to the blood tissues

A

Ventricles

82
Q

Sac around the heart

A

Pericardium

83
Q

These blood vessel carry pure blood from the heart

A

Arteries

  • pulmonary artery carries deoxygenated blood
84
Q

Fibrinogen turns to fibrin during blood clotting due to ___.

A

Thrombin

85
Q

These blood vessels have valves in them.

A

Veins

86
Q

RBCs are also called ____.

A

Erythrocytes

87
Q

WBCs are also called ____.

A

Leukocytes

88
Q

Platelets are also called ____.

A

Thrombocytes

89
Q

Instrument used to measure blood pressure.

A

Sphygmomanometer

90
Q

Number of bones in the axial skeleton.

A

80

  • skull, vertebrae & chest bones
91
Q

Process of removing excess urea from the blood using an artificial kidney.

A

Haemodialysis

92
Q

___- measures electrical activity of the brain.

A

EEG

93
Q

___ muscles regulate lens curvature.

A

Ciliary muscles

94
Q

Night vision involves rods / cones?

A

Rods

95
Q

Area with highest concentration of cones.

A

Fovea centralis

96
Q

Daltonism is commonly called ____.

A

Colour blindness

97
Q

Where are the adrenal glands located in the body?

A

Above kidneys

98
Q

The name of Karl Landsteiner is associated with the discovery of ____.

A

Human blood groups

99
Q

Queen of spices

A

Cardamom

100
Q

Lepidopterology is a branch of biology which deals with ____.

A

Moths & butterflies

101
Q

Largest endocrine gland

A

Thyroid

  • pace setter of endocrine system
102
Q

This endocrine gland is also known as the master gland.

A

Pituitary gland

103
Q

This gland is also known as the energy gland.

A

Adrenal gland

104
Q

This gland is also known as the clockwork gland.

A

Pineal gland

105
Q

Hepatitis is swelling or inflammation of the ____.

A

Liver

106
Q

Bacteria of cholera and TB was discovered by ____.

A

Robert Koch

107
Q

Total number of bones in the body

A

206

108
Q

Total number of muscles in the body

A

639

109
Q

Which organ has the minimum regeneration power?

A

Brain

110
Q

____ can clone or amplify small amounts of DNA.

A

PCR [Polymerase Chain Reaction]

  • discovered by Kary Mullis
111
Q

First vitamin to be produced through a fermentation process using Acetobacter.

A

Vitamin C

112
Q

Two groups of plants

A

Cryptogams & Phanerogams

[non-well defined flowers versus well defined flowers]

TISSNET (47 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions