Immuno Review Flashcards by ashley lovorn

Type of Rejection
- preformed recipient antibodies against graft antigens

Hyperacute

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Type of Rejection
- gross mottling/cyanosis
- arterial fibrinoid necrosis & capillary thrombotic occlusion

Hyperacute
happens within minutes to hours

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Type of Rejection
- exposure to donor antigens induces activation of naive immune cells (cell-mediated)

Acute
usually occurs w/in 6 months

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Type of Rejection
- chronic low-grade immune response refractory to immunosuppression
- mixed cell mediated and humoral

Chronic Rejection
occurs months to years

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Type of Rejection
- can cause obliterative vascular fibrosis

Chronic Rejection

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Name the associated disorder that goes with this autoantibody:
- Antinuclear autoantibodies (ANA)

SLE

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Name the associated disorder that goes with this autoantibody:
- Anti-ds DNA
- Anti-Smith

Specific for SLE

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Name the associated disorder that goes with this autoantibody:
- Antihistone Antibodies

Drug-Induced Lupus

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Name the associated disorder that goes with this autoantibody:
- Anticentromere

Scleroderma (CREST)

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Name the associated disorder that goes with this autoantibody:
- Anti-Scl-70
- Anti-Topoisomerase I

Scleroderma (diffuse)

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Name the associated disorder that goes with this autoantibody:
- Antimitochondrial

Primary biliary cholangitis

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Name the associated disorder that goes with this autoantibody:
- Anti-Gliadin

Celiac Disease

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Name the associated disorder that goes with this autoantibody:
- Anti- glomerular Basement Membrane

Goodpasture’s Syndrome
(Type II Hypersensitivity)

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Name the associated disorder that goes with this autoantibody:
- Anti-desmoglein

Pemphigus vulgaris

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Name the associated disorder that goes with this autoantibody:
- Anti-hemidesmosome

Bullous pemphigoid

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Name the associated disorder that goes with this autoantibody:
- Anti-Ro/SSA
- Anti-La/SSB

Sjogren Syndrome

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Name the associated disorder that goes with this autoantibody:
- Anti-Jo

Dermatomyositis
Polymyositis

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Name the Cytokine
- secreted by macrophages
- acute inflammation

IL-1

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Name the Cytokine
- Stimulates T cells

IL-2

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Name the Cytokine
- stimulates Bone Marrow

IL-3

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Name the Cytokine
- stimulates IgE, IgG production

IL-4

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Name the Cytokine
- stimulates IgA production

IL-5

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Name the Cytokine
- “reaction” fever

IL-6

Name the Cytokine
- clears up infections
- recruits neutrophils

IL-8

Name the Cytokine - Anti-inflammatory

IL-10

Name the Disorder (B cell vs. T cell) - BTK gene defect - no B cell maturation (agammaglobulinimia) - failure to thrive

X-Linked (Bruton) Agammaglobulinimia (B-cell Disorder)

Name the Disorder (B cell vs. T cell) - most common - mucosal issue - involved in celiac dz - can cause false + B-hCG

Selective IgA deficiency (B-Cell Disorder)

Name the Disorder (B cell vs. T cell) - older patients - B cells present - decrease IgM

Common Variable Immunodeficiency (B-cell Disorder)

Name the Disorder (B cell vs. T cell) - 3rd and 4th branchial cleft development failure - absent thyroid and parathyroid - hypocalcemia

DiGeorge Syndrome (22q11 deletion) - CATCH (T-cell Disorder)

Name the Disorder (B cell vs. T cell) - decrease TH1 response - can present after BCG vaccine - increased susceptibility to mycobacterium

IL-12 receptor deficiency (T-cell Disorder)

Name the Disorder (B cell vs. T cell) - defects in AIRE - causes candida (thrush/diaper rash)

Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis (T-cell Disorder)

Name the Disorder (B cell vs. T cell) - deficiency of TH17 due to STAT3 mutation - decreased IFN-gamma

Hyper IgE (Job Syndrome) ABCDEF's (abscesses, baby teeth, coarse facies, derm issues, IgE, fractures) (T-cell Disorder)

Name the Disorder (B cell vs. T cell) - defective IL-2R gamma chain - ADA deficiency

SCID (Both T and B cell disorder)

Name the Disorder (B cell vs. T cell) - defects in ATM gene - failure to detect DNA damage - Increased AFP - Decreased IgA, IgG, and IgE

Ataxia - telangiectasisa (Both T and B cell disorder)

Name the Disorder (B cell vs. T cell) - mutation in WAS gene - causes thrombocytopenia, eczema, and recurrent infections

Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome (Both T and B cell disorder)

Name the Disorder (B cell vs. T cell) - defective CD40L on Th cells - causes defective class switching

Hyper-IgM Syndrome (Both T and B cell disorder)

Name the Fungus - Mississippi/Ohio River valleys - Bird/Bat droppings - Tiny Yeasts inside Macrophages

Histoplasmosis

Name the Fungus - Central America/East of MS river - Broad, Based Budding - can cause Granulomatous nodules

Blastomycosis

Name the Fungus - Southwestern US - can cause pneumonia and meningitis

Coccidiomycosis

Name the Fungus - Latin America - Captains Wheel Shape

Paracoccidiomycosis

Name the Fungus - Germ tube (diagnostic) - can have pseudohyphae + budding yeasts - can cause thrush

Candida Albicans

Name the Fungus - allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis - "Fungus ball" - mold with septate hyphae that branch at a V-shaped (45 degrees) angle

Aspergillosis

Name the Fungus - encapsulated yeast, not dimorphic - pigeon droppings - stains with india ink/latex agglutination test

Cryptococcus neoformans

Name the Fungus - irregular nonseptate hyphae branching at wide angles (> 90) - infarction and necrosis of distal tissue

Mucormycosis

Name the Disease - gingivostomatitis - keratoconjunctivitis - temporal lobe encephalitis

HSV-1

Name the Disease - Herpes genitalis - neonatal herpes - Kaposi's Sarcoma (HIV)

HSV-2

Name the Disease - Shingles - Encephalitis

VZV

Name the Disease - Heterophile (+) - infectious mononucleosis - Burkitt's Lymphoma

EBV

Name the Disease - congenital infection - mononucleosis (monospot -) - pneumonia - "owl's eye" cells

CMV

Name the Disease - Roseola - exanthem subitum

HSV-6

What cytokines are needed for granuloma formation?

- IL-2 - IF-gamma - TNF alpha

Name the Hypersensitivity - Mast Cell (Histamine) - Basophils - Atopic Dermatitis [Flare/Wheel]

Type I Hypersensitivity (Anaphylaxis)

Name the Hypersensitivity - Cytotoxic - IgG/IgM - Attack/Against Enemy activates MAC "Destroy)

Type II Hypersensitivity (Cytotoxic)

Name the Hypersensitivity - Goodpasture's - ITP - Graves Dz. - Autoimune (RHO) - Myasthenia Gravis

Type II GIGAM

Name the Hypersensitivity - Deposits of Complex on Tissues or Blood Vessels - Activated Complement consumed (decreased C3)

Type III Hypersensitivity (Immune Complex)

Name the Hypersensitivity - Macrophages - > 72 H - T cell mediated

Type IV Hypersensitivity (Delayed)

Name the Hypersensitivity - PPD - TB - Contact Dermatitis (Poison Ivy)

Type IV Hypersensitivity (Delayed)