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Eagle Prep Review > Endocrine Pharm Drills > Flashcards

Endocrine Pharm Drills Flashcards

1
Q

Name the short acting insulin?

A

regular insulin

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2
Q

Name the long acting insulin(s).

A
  • glargine
  • detemir
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3
Q

Name the rapid-acting insulin(s).

A

LAG
- lispro
- aspart
- glulisine

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4
Q

What is the side effect of glulisine?

A

hypoglycemia

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5
Q

MOA of chlorpropamide?

A

1st gen sulfonylurea

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6
Q

Name the 1st gen. sulfonylureas (2)

A
  • chlorpropamide
  • tolbutamide
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7
Q

What are the 2nd gen. sulfonylureas? (3)

A
  • glimepiride
  • glipizide
  • glyburide
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8
Q

What drugs inhibit the reabsorption of glucose in the PCT?

A
  • flozins (SGLT-2 inhibitors)
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9
Q

What do we use NPH for?

A

Intermediate Insulin

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10
Q

Side effects of SGLT-2 inhibitors.

A
  • dehydration
  • weight loss
  • glucosuria (UTIs)
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11
Q

Which diabetic agent is weight neutral?

A

DPP-4 inhibitors
- gliptins

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12
Q

What are the GLP1 analogs?

A
  • Exenatide
  • Liraglutide
  • Semeglutide
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13
Q

SE of Exenatide

A
  • nausea
  • vomitting
  • pancreatitis
  • weight loss promotion
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14
Q

SE of Sitagliptin

A
  • URI’s
  • UTI’s
  • Orthostatic HYPOtension
    WEIGHT NEUTRAL*
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15
Q

MOA of acarbose

A

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

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16
Q

Miglitol (MOA/SE)

A

MOA: alpha glucosidase inhibitor
SE: GI upset, bloating

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17
Q

Name the DPP-4 inhibitors. (3)

A
  • gliptins
  1. Linagliptin
  2. Saxagliptin
  3. Sitagliptin
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18
Q

SE of Rosiglitazone

A
  • weight gain
  • edema
  • increased risk of fractures
  • HF

*takes 2 weeks for onset of side effects *

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19
Q

MOA of Propothiouracil (PTU)

A
  • Thyroid Peroxidase inhibitor (TPO inhibitor)
  • 5-deiodinase inhibitor
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20
Q

MOA of Methimazole

A

Thyroid Peroxidase Inhibitor

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21
Q

SE of Methimazole

A
  • skin rash
  • aplastic anemia
  • hepatotoxicity
22
Q

What drug(s) inhibit the peripheral conversion of thyroxine to thyronine?

A

PTU

23
Q

SE of cinacalcet

A

Hypocalcemia

24
Q

MOA of Sevelamer

A

Prevents Phosphate absorption from the GI tract
SE: GI upset, hypophosphatemia

25
Q

What drug activates PPAR-Gamma?

A

glitazones
- pioglitazone
- rosiglitazone

26
Q

What drug activates PPAR-alpha?

A

Fibrates

27
Q

MOA of Repaglinide

A

Close K+ channels
Open Ca2+ channels

28
Q

SE of Metformin

A
  • Vit. B12 deficiency
  • nausea/vomitting
  • LACTIC ACIDOSIS

DOES NOT CAUSE HYPOGLYCEMIA

29
Q

Contraindications in prescribing Metformin

A
  • Kidney Failure
  • increased lactate
30
Q

MOA of Metformin

A

MGPD-1 inhibitor
(mitochondria!)

  • increases insulin sensitivity and decreases insulin resistance
31
Q

How do you treat DKA/HHS?

A
  • Normal Saline (IV)
  • Insulin
  • K+ replacement
32
Q

MOA of Liothyronine

A

T3 Hormone replacement

33
Q

MOA of levothyroxine

A

T4 hormone replacement

34
Q

SE of Liothyronine

A
  • tachycardia
  • heat intolerance
  • arrhythmia
  • tremors
35
Q

Treatment for Central Diabetes Insipidus

A

Desmopressin

36
Q

First line treatment for SIADH

A

Fluid restriction

37
Q

MOA of Demeclocycline

A

ADH V2 antagonist
- in the kidneys
treats SIADH

38
Q

What do we use cinacalcet for?

A

anyone who has hyperparathyroidism

39
Q

MOA of Tolvaptan/Conivaptan

A

ADH V2 antagonist

40
Q

What 3 diseases can be treated with Vasopressin?

A
  • Diabetes Insipidus
  • vWF deficiency
  • Hemophilia A
41
Q

Treatment for asymptomatic prolactinoma with a level of 40?

A
  • Bromocriptine
  • Cabergoline

dopamine agonists

42
Q

SE of Demeclocycline

A

Nephrogenic Diabetes Insipidus

  • Lithium can also cause this!
43
Q

Treatment Option for Acromegaly

A

Octreotide (somatostatin analog)

44
Q

Treatment Option for Gigantism

A

Octreotide (somatostatin analog)

45
Q

What drug(s) do we prescribe for symptom control in patients with carcinoid syndrome?

A
  • octreotide (somatostain analog)
  • telotristat (tryptophane hydroxylase inhibitor
46
Q

What are the two main side effects of octreotide?

A
  • gallstones
  • steatorrhea
47
Q

What is the teratogenicity by methimazole?

A

aplasia cutis congenita

48
Q

How do we treat primary adrenal insufficiency?

A
  • Fludrocortisone (Aldosterone Analog)
49
Q

Side Effects of Fludrocortisone

A
  • HTN
  • Hypokalemia
50
Q

MOA of Cinacalcet

A

Sensitizes CaST in the parathyroid gland to circulating Ca2+
– leads to decreased PTH

51
Q

SE of long term treatment on Prednisone

A
  • osteoporosis
  • Cushing Syndrome
52
Q

Name the Drugs that cause Drug Induced Lupus

A

SHIP
- Sulfazoline
- Hydralazine
- Isoniazid
- Procainamide

Eagle Prep Review (23 decks)

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