ICVA Exam 1 Flashcards
Answer: E
Answer: D
Answer: D
This is the cause of fog fever.
Answer: D
Got this incorrect b/c have not studied hemophilia
Answer: C
Got incorrect
Answer: C
Gallop murmur can be heard in cats w/ hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) where blood dumps into a stiff left ventricle.
Got incorrect
Answer: D
Got correct but was unsure
Answer: E
Got correct but was unsure
Remember: Feline panleukopenia, caused by parvovirus, in cases of in-utero infection –> cerebellar hypoplasia
tion? What can be seen in the urine?
Answer: B
Got correct but was unsure
Etiologic agents: Cornebacterium renale and coliforms
Seen in urine: Blood, pus
Answer: A
Got incorrect
Acetaminophen causes oxidative damage to RBC leading to a hemolytic anemia. This is due to the formation of methemoglobin and Heinz bodies, which impair the red blood cells’ ability to carry oxygen and make them prone to destruction.
NEED TO REVIEW
Answer: C
Got correct but was unsure
This occurs due to immune complex deposition in the glomeruli. This occurs as a result of chronic antigenemia from the parasite, causing an immune response that damages the glomeruli and leads to proteinuria and possible renal dysfunction.
Answer: D
Got incorrect; I knew this was MCF but have not studied yet.
Separating the sheep and cattle as far from each other as possible. This is malignant catarrhal fever caused by ovine herpesvirus-2 (OvHV-2), which is carried asymptomatically by sheep and can cause fatal disease in cattle.
Transmission occurs when cattle are exposed to infected sheep, particularly during lambing, when viral shedding increases.
NEED TO REVIEW
Answer: C
Got correct but was unsure
Guinea pigs cannot synthesize vitamin C (ascorbic acid) and require it in their diet. Feeding pelleted rabbit food, which is not fortified with vitamin C, leads to vitamin C deficiency (scurvy). Scurvy causes weakness, poor wound healing, hemorrhage, and lesions in connective tissues due to defective collagen synthesis.
How is this diagnosed?
Answer: D
Got incorrect
Mycoplasma hypneumoniae, the causative agent of enzootic pneumonia in swine, is characterized by a chronic respiratory disease with a high morbidity (many animals affected) and low mortality (few deaths). This organism causes a persistent cough, reduced growth rates, and poor feed conversion, significantly impacting production efficiency but rarely causing death.
PCR
Answer: E
Got incorrect; Since the mass does not cross the mandibular symphysis, a unilateral rostral mandibulectomy is appropriate.
Surgery is the treatment of choice when the tumor is localized, since the mass is confined to the gingiva and ventral to the left mandibular canine tooth without crossing the mandibular symphysis, a unilateral rostral mandibulectomy is the most appropriate and effective option. This surgical procedure provides clean margins to reduce the risk of recurrence while preserving as much normal tissue as possible.
Got incorrect b/c did not know that lawsonia can affect piglets under 3 weks of age
Lawsonia intracellularis, disease is also known as porcine proliferative enteritis or ileitis. It commonly affects grower pigs and causes thickened Ileal walls, linear ulcerations, and mucosal hypertrophy..
Answer: C
Got incorrect; was in between this and A and picked A
Potassium bromimde is commonly used as an adjunct therapy in dogs with idiopathic epilepsy and is effective in reducing severe frequency when combined with phenobarbital.
Answer: E
I may have gotten this one incorrect?
Reversals for Xylazine are: Yohimbine, Atipamezole, and Tolazoline
Answer: B
Got correct but was unsure!
AB alone are insufficient in treating this
Answer: C
Got incorrect. Thought it was D
Third-degree perineal laceration: Involves full-thickness disruption of the rectovaginal septum. This laceration affects the vulva, vagina, perineal body, and rectal mucosa, leading to an abnormal communication between the rectum and vagina, allowing fecal material to pass into the vagina, as seen in this mare.
Rectovaginal fistula: This is an abnormal communication between the rectum and the vagina (e.g., caused by trauma, infection, or poor healing), but it is usually a chronic condition and is not associated with the acute laceration described in the question.
Answer: B
Can not remember if I got this correct or incorrect.
B. Fenbendazole is a broad-spectrum anthelmintic that is effective against a wide range of intestinal parasites in dogs, including hookworms, roundworms, whipworms, and some tapeworms (Taenia spp. but not Dipylidium caninum).
Fecal flotation tests are often negative due to intermittent shedding of eggs.
Answer: A
Got correct but was unsure
The image and clinical presentation swelling around the face, swollen joints, depression, anorexia, and mucoid nasal and oral discharge are consistent with an infectious etiology, likely caused by Avibacterium paragallinarum (infectious coryza) or other bacterial pathogens such as Mycoplasma gallisepticum (chronic respiratory disease).
Answer: E
Got incorrect
E. VSD, VSDs are the most common congenital cardiac defect in cattle. he murmur is typically loud and can be heard on both the left and right sides of the chest due to blood flow from the left ventricle to the right ventricle through the defect, creating turbulence.
Answer: E
Got incorrect
A has ab against B
B has ab against A
Answer: D
Got incorrect; was between B and D
Lactic acidosis in cows, often caused by ruminal acidosis from high-grain diets, results in systemic effects that predispose the cow to laminitis. Laminitis can lead to secondary complications, including sole abscesses and other hoof disorders.
Answer: C
Got correct but was unsure
Entropion is inherited and this is the most common ophthalmic deformity in lambs particularly in certain breeds like Suffolks.
Answer: E
Can not remember if I answered this correctly?
Rhabdomyolysis is going to cause the kidneys to need to filter myoglobin which is nephrotoxic therefore, this aids to flush it out and maintain renal perfusion.
Answer: C
Unsure if I got this correct?
Answer: C
Got this correct but was unsure
Answer: D
Unsure if got this correct; This is a very classic case of trichomoniasis in cats.
Answer: D
Got correct but was unsure!
Remember sulfonamides for tx of coccidiosis can cause polioencephalomalacia!
Answer: D
Got correct but was unsure!
Meningioma is the most common brain tumor in older cats.
Answer: C
The scaly leg or scaly face mites. The mite responsible for this is Knemidocoptes, which burrows into the skin, causing hyperkeratosis and scaling.
Answer: B
Got correct but was unsure!
The drug of choice for Chlamydia psittaci infection in birds is doxycycline due to its efficacy and ability to concentrate intracellularly, which is important for treating this intracellular bacterium.
Answer: A
Got correct but was unsure
A freemartin is a female calf that is born co-twin to a male calf. In such cases, there is typically cross-sex hormone exposure in utero, leading to incomplete or abnormal development of the female reproductive tract. The result is often hypoplastic (underdeveloped) ovaries and uterus, and these heifers generally do not exhibit normal estrous cycles or fertility.
The signs of a freemartin include:
Small vulva
Hypoplastic uterus
Lack of estrus, as seen in this case.
Answer: D
Not sure if I got this correct; probably got incorrect
Piroxicam, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that has been shown to have anti-
tumor effects in ICC cases and can reduce intlammation, pain, and tumor size to some degree.
Answer: A
Got incorrect! Thought it was E.
Answer: E
Got correct but was unsure
Cornified epithelial cells = animal in estrus
Answer: E
Got incorrect; chose B
Wedge trochleoplasty deepens the trochlear groove, and lateral tibial tuberosity transposition realigns the quadriceps mechanism, the standard treatment for grade III MPL.
Answer: E
Got incorrect
Answer: E
Apparently congenital defect would present with more pitting (?) of teeth?
Answer: A
Got correct but just want to reinforce
Answer: A
Got correct but just want to reinforce
Grain overload causes metabolic acidosis, rumen content < 5.5 is alarming. It is caused by rapid fermentation of carbohydrates (e.g., ground corn) in the rumen. This results in excessive production of lactic acid, leading to a significant drop in ruminal pH.
Answer: C
Got correct but just want to reinforce.
The dorsolumbar region is the hallmark location for lesions caused by flea allergy dermatitis, with pruritus, erythema, and dandruff being key signs.
Answer: C
Thought A b/c of the liptak test but the serum Cl- concentration is the correct answer
RDA –> sequestering of Cl- –> MA
Answer: C
Got incorrect, chose B
Answer: C
Got correct but was unsure
Answer: A
Got incorrect b/c put D
Cardiac ventricular arrhythmias, VPC’s are a common postoperative complication in dogs following GDV surgery due to myocardial ischemia, electrolyte imbalances, and systemic inflammation caused by reperfusion injury. Monitoring and managing these arrhythmias is critical in the postoperative care of these patients.
Answer: B
Got incorrect; mistakenly put A but I have not studied this yet !
Atropine and 2PAM! Counteracts the muscarinic effects of organophosphate toxicity by blocking acetylcholine at muscarinic receptors
Answer: D
Got incorrect, put B
Scirrhous cord, refers to chronic infection and inflammation of the spermatic cord stump, often leading to fibrosis and drainage. It is a common complication of castration, especially if there was contamination or incomplete removal of tissue during the procedure.
Answer: C
I may or may not have gotten this incorrect?
Answer: E
Got correct but was unsure
Answer: C
Got incorrect
Answer: B
Got correct but just want to reinforce
A prosthetic laryngoplasty is also known as a tie-back.
Answer: A
Unsure of got this incorrect on the exam
Answer: C
Got correct but just want to reinforce
Answer: B
Got incorrect, chose D
Laryngeal paralysis is a common condition in older large-breed dogs, like Labrador Retrievers. It causes a loss of control of the muscles that open the larynx, leading to difficulty breathing, especially when excited or exerting effort. This condition can cause labored breathing, coughing, and even a change in voice.
Answer: C
Got incorrect; Honestly did not catch they were talking about Bovine Lymphoma
- Bovine lymphoma often presents with weight loss, anorexia, poor production, and enlargement of lymph nodes.
HAULS - Heart, Abomasum, Uterus, Lymph nodes, Spinal chord
Answer: A
Got correct but was unsure
Answer: C
Got incorrect
Leptospirosis vaccines, which are included in some multivalent vaccines for dogs, are known to occasionally cause hypersensitivity reactions, including swelling, pruritus (itching), and facial edema. This can occur within hours of vaccination, as the dog may develop an allergic or immune-mediated response to one of the vaccine components, particularly the Leptospira antigen.
Answer: E
Got incorrect
REVIEW
Answer: A
Got correct but was unsure!
Hyperadrenocorticism causes insulin resistance because cortisol, which is elevated in this condition, is a counter-regulatory hormone that antagonizes the effects of insulin. This will decrease with use of therapies such as mitotane or trilostane.
Answer: D
Got correct but was unsure; This is a budgerigar with knemocoptes infestation
Answer: D
Got correct but was unsure
Answer: A
Unsure if I got this correct
Answer: B
Got incorrect; chose A
Answer: C
Got correct but was unsure; Administer furosemide for non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema following a burn
Answer: D
Got incorrect; guessed A
Answer: C
Got incorrect; chose B
The heifers are old enough but too small to be bred. Should be around 15-18 months old and at least 650-850 lbs
Answer: A
Got incorrect
House calves in groupings of similar ages. Pneumonia outbreaks in calves are often exacerbated by commingling different age groups.
Answer: C
Got correct but want to reinforce!
Fluroquinolones only do gram -!!
Answer: E
In small ruminants such as goats and sheep, the urethral process (vermiform appendage) is the most common site of urinary calculi obstruction
Hence why you can just remove that sucker!
Answer: A
Got incorrect; was between A and D
Answer: C
Got correct but just want to reinforce
Answer: B
Got correct but was unsure
The radiograph shows a screw or transphyseal bridging procedure, commonly used to correct angular limb deformities in foals.
Answer: E
Answer: C
Got correct but just want to reinforce
The presentation of a head tilt, ataxia, purulent discharge, and a bulging tympanum indicates otitis media/interna in this cat, likely caused by a bacterial infection. Treatment with broad-spectrum antibiotics must be prolonged, typically for 6 to 8 weeks, to ensure complete resolution and prevent recurrence.
Answer: B
Got correct but just want to reinforce
Answer: E
Got correct but just want to reinforce
These are papillomas. Since they are not bothering him, you can leave them alone!
Answer: A
Got correct but just want to reinforce
Evaluate the farms hay and pasture, fescue toxicosis, a condition caused by ingesting tall fescue grass infected with the endophyte Neotyphodium coenophialum. This endophyte produces ergot alkaloids that interfere with normal reproductive function
Answer: B
Got incorrect. I genuinely thought it had to do with the mouth prop!
Mandibular fractures can occur during dental extractions, particularly when extracting the mandibular canine teeth. This is because these teeth have large, strong roots that may require considerable force to remove. When excessive force is applied, it can lead to a fracture of the mandible, especially in older or weakened cats whose bones may be more fragile.
Answer: D
Got incorrect
Paramyxovirus 1 is associated with Newcastle disease, which is a highly contagious and reportable avian disease with significant public health and economic consequences.
For pregnancy question:
Answer: D
Got incorrect
Not mounting an immune response is characteristic of persistently infected calves
Answer: E
Got incorrect
This region is a major growth center for long bones like the tibia and is particularly susceptible to overloading, nutritional imbalances, or trauma, resulting in uneven growth and angular deformities.
Answer: C
Got correct but want to reinforce
Answer: D
Had never heard of this parasite before
Answer: D
Got correct but want to reinforce
Answer: B
Got incorrect b/c misread the question!!
Echocardiography is the best diagnostic tool for confirming the underlying cardiac disease (such as HCM) and assessing for left atrial enlargement, which predisposes cats to thromboembolic events.
D. Transmissible gastroenteritis (TGE), a coronavirus infection in pigs.
Answer: D
Got incorrect
Answer: C
Another medication that stimulates appetite is diazepam
Answer: B
Got correct but want to reinforce
Answer: C
Cat bites are notorious for transmitting Pasteurella multocida, a Gram-negative bacterium commonly found in the mouths of cats
Answer: D
Got incorrect; If the patient is isosthenuric and azotemic = renal azotemia
Answer: A
Got correct but was unsure
If it was extrathoracic tracheal collapse it would be the opposite
Answer: D
Got incorrect; thought it was E
The facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) is vulnerable to compression when a horse is placed in lateral recumbency on a hard surface without adequate padding, particularly at the level of the zygomatic arch or facial region.
Answer: B
Got incorrect; thought it was any age!
Answer: D
Got incorrect
Streptococcus suis is a common cause of bacterial meningitis in pigs, particularly in nursery-age piglets.
Answer: D
Got correct but want to reinforce
Answer: E
Got correct but was unsure
Answer: D
Sodium hypochlorite is bleach!!!!
Answer: D
Got correct but want to reinforce
Answer: C
Got correct but want to reinforce
Answer: A
Got incorrect; was a dumb mistake!
Answer: D
Given the recurrent bloat that requires frequent intervention, creating a temporary rumen fistula provides a reliable means of relieving gas accumulation. This approach is practical and effective for persistent bloat cases where medical management or dietary changes have not resolved the issue.
