Hypersensitivity

Question 1

Type 1

Answer 1

Anaphylactic

Question 2

Type 2

Answer 2

Cytotoxic

Question 3

Type 3

Answer 3

Immune Complex

Question 4

Type 4

Answer 4

Delayed/ Cell Mediated

Question 5

Mediators of Early Type 1

Answer 5

Histamine, Heparin, ECF-A, Neutrophils (IL-8)

Question 6

Heparin

Answer 6

anticoagulant

Question 7

Mediators of Late Type 1

Answer 7

Prostaglandins, Thromboxanes, Leukotrienes

Question 8

Early Phase Type 1

Answer 8

allergen activates B cells, IgM switches to IgE
IgE docks to mast cells and causes degranulation
early mediators released

Question 9

Late Phase Type 1

Answer 9

2-4 hrs post

release prostaglandins and leukotrienes

Question 10

Leukotrienes

Answer 10

1000x more potent than histamine

Question 11

IL-4

Answer 11

drives class switch from IgM to IgE or IgG

Question 12

IL-5

Answer 12

activates eosinophils

switches IgM to IgA

Question 13

IL-13

Answer 13

IgE production
mucus secretion in epithelial cells
enhances smooth mm contraction

Question 14

Early Phase T1 driven by

Answer 14

histamine

Question 15

Late Phase T1 driven by

Answer 15

leukotrienes and prostaglandins

Question 16

Manifestations of T1

Answer 16

anaphylaxis, atopy, asthma, rhinitis, hives, angioedema

Question 17

Triggers for T1

Answer 17

foods
drugs
insects

Question 18

Difference between eosinophil and mast cell action

Answer 18

worm coated in Ab, eosinophil binds thru Fce receptor

MC have Ab on them and wait for things to collide with them

Question 19

Mechanism of T2

Answer 19

IgG binds to cell membrane, causing opsonization, inflammation, or cellular dysfunction

Question 20

Opsonization

Answer 20

cellular destruction

leads to activation of phagocytosis (MAC attack), NK cell killing, and inflammation- necrosis

Question 21

Cellular Dysfunction

Answer 21

Ab bind and cause abnormal blockade or activation

Question 22

Clinical Manifestation of T2

Answer 22

autoimmune hemolytic anemia
thrombocytopenic purpura- platelet lysing
transfusion reactions- RBC lysing
transplant rejection
rheumatic fever

Question 23

Corneal transplant rejection

Answer 23

T4

most rejection types are T2

Question 24

Coombs Serum

Answer 24

antihuman IgG

rabbit + human

Question 25

Direct Antiglobulin Test

Answer 25

detects Abs attached to RBCs using Coombs serum

Question 26

Indirect Antiglobulin Test

Answer 26

detects plasma Abs that might bind to cells and cause lysing

uses Coombs serum

Question 27

Diseases found using DAT

Answer 27

HDN, anemias, transfusion reactions

Question 28

Uses of IAT

Answer 28

bloodbank antibody screening

Question 29

Mechanism of T3

Answer 29

Ag/ Ab complex (IgM/ IgG) lodge in vessels and tissues
complement activated, phagocytes destroy
tissue damage

Question 30

Clinical Manifestation of T3

Answer 30

systemic and localized inflammation and dammage

Question 31

Examples of T3

Answer 31

Arthus reaction
serum sickness
rheumatoid arthritis
lupus

Question 32

Arthus Reaction

Answer 32

Ab against vaccine

local

Question 33

Serum Sickness

Answer 33

form haptins that bind to membranes in response to oral drugs
systemic

Question 34

Activating complement in T3

Answer 34

anaphylotoxins degranulate mast cells
PMN chemotaxis
stim release of lytic enzymes from PMNs

Question 35

Mechanism of T4

Answer 35

Ag binds to CD4
CD4 release cytokines that attract macrophages and CD8 and cause tissue damage
no Ab

Question 36

Examples of T4

Answer 36

contact dermatitis
Tb skin test
corneal transplant rejection
autoimmune

Question 37

Phlyctenular Keratoconjunctivitis

PKC

Answer 37

blister forming keratoconjunctivitis from T4 in response to bacterial infection

Question 38

Causes PKC

Answer 38

Staph aureus

Question 39

Scrapings from PKC show….

Answer 39

CD4, CD8, Langerhans cells

Question 40

Penicillin T1 have what Ab types?

Answer 40

IgE, mast cells, eosinophils

Question 41

Penicillin T4 have what Ab types

Answer 41

Th1 and macrophages