Hypersensitivity Flashcards
what type is this?
IgE
soluble antigen
mast cell activation
type 1- allergy and asthma
what type is this?
IgG
cell surface receptor or matrix
activates complement
type 2 drugs and chronic urticaria
what type is this?
IgG
soluble antigen
activates complement
type 3 - arthus reaction
Th1 and 2 cells or cytotoxic t cell soluble antigens or cell antigens macrophage and eosinophil activation cytotoxicity dermatitis, chronic asthma, allergic rhinitis
Type 4
what does IgE trigger
mast cell degranulation
what is IgE produced by
plasma B cells in lymph nodes or locally
what does a CD4 t helper 1 cell cause
macrophage activation
what does CD4 TH2 cause
B cell acitvation
what does a CD8 cytotoxic t cell cause
cell lysis
name some allergens
pollen animals mold spores dust mite faeces insect venom vaccines drugs medicine food plants synthetic chemicals metals
what is degranulation
is a cellular process that releases antimicrobial cytotoxic molecules from secretory vesicles called granules found inside some cells.
what can result from an allergen entering the blood stream
hives (urticaria)
anaphylaxis and cv collapse
name some inflammatory mediators
lipids
toxic mediators
cytokines
enzymes
what cell favours IgE response
Th2 T cells
what cell is stimulated in allergy and asthma
mast cell usually found at mucosal surfaces
soluble antigen
what type would you find non soluble antigens
type 2
cytoxic
what cells are stimulated in type 3
phagocytes
immune complex disease
what cells are stimulated in type 4
macrophages and eosinophils
delayed type hypersensitivity
what do prostaglandins do
increase vascular permeability
increase platelet aggregation
activates neutrophils
what do chemokines do
attract macrophages and neutrophils
what other cells are also involved In allergy
basophils and eosinophils
can cause tissue damage
what type involves IgG
2 and 3
what antibodies are involved in type 3 (immune complex)
IgG and IgM
where might immune complexes be deposited in type
kidneys blood vessels synovial membranes skin systemic
what are the features of type 4
complement is not involved entirely cell mediated delayed hypersensitivity (DTH) involves macrophages granulomas eg tubercles seen in tuberculosis
