asthma and COPD

Question 1

what leukocytes are involved in asthma

Answer 1

Th2

eosinophils

Question 2

what cytokines are involved in asthma

Answer 2

IL-5 and GMCSF(Granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor)
leukotrienes produced by mast cells which cause bronchoconstriction

IgE expression on mast cells and eosinophils

Question 3

beclometasone

Answer 3

glucocorticoid (ICS)

anti inflammatory

Question 4

budesonide

Answer 4

glucocorticoid (ICS)
anti inflammatory
prevents the progression of asthma

Question 5

monteleukast

Answer 5

Cysteinyl leukotriene antagonist

Question 6

theophylline

Answer 6

Methylxanthine
relaxes bronchioles

cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase inhibitor
relaxes smooth muscle

Question 7

Omalizumab

Answer 7

Anti-IgE treatment

Question 8

beta 2 agonists

Answer 8

dilate smooth muscle

Question 9

how do glucocorticoids work

Answer 9

decrease formation of cytokines
decrease vasodilators
decrease action of eosinophils

Question 10

aminophylline

Answer 10

IV drug in acute sever asthma

Question 11

what would be the immediate treatment for acute severe asthma

Answer 11

oxygen 
salbutamol or terbutaline plus ipratropium 
IV hydrocortisone or prednisolone
magnesium sulphate
aminophylline

Question 12

ipratroprium

Answer 12

SAMA short acting muscarinic antagonist
bronchial spasm in asthma and COPD
blocks parasympathetic NS

Question 13

tiotropium

Answer 13

LAMA

COPD, occasionally asthma