Hospitalized child Flashcards
stresses of infants
Absence of parents
Sense of parents anxiety
Not having basic needs met – food, sleep
how to promote development in infants in the hospital
Position to see your face and hands
Talk about items in the room
Touch, swaddle, soft talk
Be in field of vision
Simulate home routine
Assign same nurse
Light/sound stimulation
toys appropriate for infants
Mobiles
Rattles
Squeaky toys
Colorful Picture books
balls, blocks
Activity boxes
how to prepare infants for procedures
Keep mom and dad close and get them to help
sensory soothing
cuddle/hug
Safe restraints – swaddle
Allow Security objects from home
PRAISE mnemonic for toddlers
P parallel play
R rituals, routines, regression
A autonomy versus shame and doubt, accidents
I involve parents
S separation anxiety
E explore
what to expect from toddlers in the hospital
Rituals and routines are important
Physical restriction difficult
Regression
Separation anxiety
how can toddlers perceive their illness in the hospital?
Perception of illness extended and unrelated to the actual event
how to promote development for toddlers in the hospital
Patient care ritual/home routines
Allow security objects
Praise anything done
Provide mobility and outlets for aggression
Access to finger foods, snacks
Reasonable exploration of environment
Give guided choices
Talk through all care
appropriate toys for toddlers
Board and mallet
Push – pull toys
Toy telephone
Stuffed animals
Story books with pictures
how to prepare toddler for procedure
Explain everything day of exam
Include what they see, feel, smell
Praise for doing well
Reassure mom and dad are waiting
MAGIC mnemonic for preschoolers
Mutilation fear
Associative play, abandonment
Guilt versus initiative
Imaginary playmate
Curious
cognitive development of preschoolers
Transductive reasoning
Animism, magical thinking
Egocentrism
what to expect of preschoolers in the hospital
May become overly aggressive or withdrawn
May bring imaginary playmate
Refusal of meds/care
Little understanding of time
Enjoy playing with other kids
May regress from toilet training
Enjoy silly humor
Need transitional objects
Do preschoolers understand that you will be back after watching a show or that Christmas is in eight months?
That you will be back after watching a show
how to promote development in preschoolers in the hospital
Specific language and direct eye contact
Be aware of distracting noises
Speak socially understood words
Transitional object
Routines before meals
Read out loud
Throw/catch
how should you approach wanting to get a task done?
“ let’s do this”, “ how about”
what is a way to lighten the mood with a preschooler
Make silly mistakes and let them catch you
appropriate toys for preschoolers
Color books
Puzzles
Cut and paste
Dolls
Building blocks
how to prepare a preschooler for procedure
Simple explanations with a diagram or doll
Allow them to play with the cap, gown, stethoscope
Describe what they feel, hear, see and smell
Medical play
what do you need to say out loud for preschoolers about to go into a procedure?
This is not a punishment
DIMPLE mnemonic for school age
Doers
Industry versus inferiority
Modesty
Peers
Loss of control
Explanation of procedures
what is important regarding privacy and modesty with school agers
Keep them covered
do school agers understand the cause of their illness?
They are concrete thinkers
Understand some causes of illness
what to expect from school agers in the hospital
Risk-taking
Like adults to be involved in decision making
Like contact with others of the same age
Want time to themselves
Rules are important
how to promote development in school agers
Encourage continuation of schoolwork
Give realistic and truthful explanations
Allow quiet time
Involve them in making things
Suggest collecting things
Make game out of routines
what should you have school agers do when giving an explanation of a task
Have them explain it back
how to prepare school agers for a procedure
Use correct terms and diagrams
Explain equipment, concretely
Allow child to manipulate equipment, time for questions before and after and responsibility
PAIRS mnemonic for adolescence
Peer group
Altered body image
Identity
Role confusion
Separate from Peers
Do adolescents understand the physical and psychological pain?
Yes
how do adolescence want to be related to?
On their own level
Patient role fosters dependency and depersonalization
what can you expect from adolescence in the hospital?
To follow instructions of mobility and diet
To be a part of the care team
To act like an adult, and then a child
How to promote development in adolescence
teach a realistic level
Involved with new staff
Discuss concerns, bring up issues
Ask them how involved they want their parents to be
High expectation for appropriate behavior
how to prep adolescence for procedure
Conscious of appearance
Strive for independence
Capable of abstract, thoughts
what is adolescence concern with time?
They are concerned with the present, rather than the future
They are also concerned with how this affects their future
characteristics of vulnerable patients
Difficult temperament
Lack of fit between child and parent
six months to four years old
Male
Below average intelligence
Multiple stresses
Rural children
Passive
