GI Pt2 Flashcards
GERD
Passive transfer of gastric contents into esophagus
What causes infants to get GERD?
Lower esophageal sphincter is more relaxed in infants
CNS probs
Developmental exaggerated reflux-spitting up
Risk factors increasing risk of GERD
Premature
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia
Esophageal scar tissue
Neuro disorders
Scoliosis
Asthma
Cystic fibrosis
infant sx GERD
spitting up
Hematemesis
Melena
Intermittent vomiting
Back arching
ALTE/apnea
Aspiration, pneumonia
children sx GERD
heartburn, chest pain
Anemia
Aspiration, pneumonia
Chronic cough
Difficulty swallowing
Tx GERD
UGI, 24 hour
PH probe
Endoscopy, labs
Antacids
PPI
Prokinetic meds
surgery – nissen fundoplication
Hypertrophic pyloric stenosis
Circular muscle of pylorus becomes thick, causing obstruction of gastric outlet
Is the cause of HPS known?
no, genetic component
Who is HPS more likely in?
males
what is the hallmark sign for HPS?
Projectile vomiting
Olive shaped mass
tx HPS
pyloromyotomy
Hydration
intussusception
Invagination/telescoping of one portion of intestine to another
Who is most common to get intussusception?
6 to 9 months
Male
Cystic fibrosis patients
What is most likely the cause of intussusception?
90% idiopathic
s/sx intussusception
spasm pain
Paroxysmal abdomen
draws knee to chest
Sausage shaped mass URQ
currant, jelly stools
Tender Abd