GU pt2 Flashcards
hemolytic uremic syndrome
Hemolytic anemia
Thrombocytopenia
Acute renal failure
sx HUS
watery diarrhea to bloody diarrhea
increased blood pressure
Vomiting
Edema
Oliguria
what is HUS commonly misdiagnosed as
Stomach bug
7 to 10 days
What is the most common cause of HUS?
E. coli – diarrhea
Bacterial toxin
what are common sources of bacterial toxins?
Under cooked meats
Unpasteurized, dairy, vegetables, fruits
unwashed lettuce, and spinach
Well water
labs for HUS
Positive blood, mild protein, pus
Increased BUN, CR
Anemia
Decreased platelets
Leukocytes
Hyponatremia
Hyperkalemia
Hyperphosphatemia
Nursing care for HUS
contact precautions
Antihypertensives, diuretics
Monitor for bleeding
dietary restrictions
Wash everything well
nephrotic syndrome
Massive protein urea
Hypoproteinemia
Hyper lipidemia
Abnormal loss of protein in urine from membrane permeability
sx nephrotic syndrome
Decreased albumin
pleural effusion
Increased weight
muehrcke lines on nails
tx nephrotic syndrome
Steroids
Bedrest during edema
No salt, increased protein
Albumin to Lasix
Acute glomerulonephritis
antibodies lodged in kidneys
APSG – post strep
leaky kidney
which symptom of acute glomerulonephritis is in need of immediate intervention
Hypertension
sx glomerulonephritis
Positive ASO titer
Puffy face, Peri orbital edema
Fever
Pallor
Headache
are electrolytes normal in acute glomerulonephritis
Yes
treatment for acute glomerulonephritis
Isolation until infection resolved
Antibiotics
Manual blood pressure Q4 hours
bedrest for Edema
No added salt, low protein
What is the sign of improvement for acute glomerulonephritis?
Increase urine output
acute renal failure
Sudden reversible decline in renal function
accumulation of metabolic toxics
Prerenal causes
Poor perfusion
Dehydration
Hemorrhage
Burns
intrinsic causes
Toxic drugs – Vanco myosin
treatment for acute renal failure
Fluids
Meds- albumin, Furosemide
nutrition
Vital signs, I/O
Check blood pressure Q4 hours
chronic renal failure
Irreversible damage to nephrons
Slow gradual process
Retention of waste
how does growth disturbances occur in chronic renal failure?
increased phosphorus
Decreased calcium
what is a specific physical symptom of chronic renal failure?
Sallow skin – muddy look
treatment for chronic renal failure
Dialysis
Transplant
Restrict fluids
Meds – sodium bicarb, erythropoietin, GF injections
diet for renal failure
Supplemental calcium
Increased calories
Vitamin D
Low potassium
Low phosphorus
meds to prevent osteodystrophy
Calcium carbonate
aluminum hydroxide gel
What is the preferred form of dialysis for children?
Peritoneal
what type of enemas are avoided with a renal transplant?
Fleet enemas
