Hematology

Question 1

what kind of hemoglobin do newborns have the first six months of their life

Answer 1

Hemoglobin F
Shorter lifespan

Fetus receives iron through placenta from mother and stores for future use

Question 2

platelet care >100,000-nmL

Answer 2

no contact sports
Protective equipment

Question 3

Platelet care >50,000-100,000

Answer 3

Padding with activity
Protective equipment

Question 4

Platelet care <50,000

Answer 4

Extreme caution
Spontaneous bleeding can occur
Quiet activities

Question 5

when can kids return to school?

Answer 5

Platelets Greater than 20,000

Question 6

neutropenia precautions

Answer 6

Good hand washing
Patient wear his mask outside room
Inspect skin
Inspect mouth for ulcers
No flowers, plants
Low bacteria diet
Change dressings & lines with sterility
No live vaccines
screen visitors

Question 7

Can neutropenic patient receive varicella, MMR, or FluMist?

Answer 7

No

Question 8

ANC formula

Answer 8

segs+ bands x WBC

Question 9

What can cause iron deficiency anemia in children?

Answer 9

deficient dietary intake
Inadequate Iron storage at birth
Excess milk intake
Exclusive breast-feeding, greater than six months

Question 10

treatment for iron deficiency anemia

Answer 10

Breastmilk/formula less than 12 months

Limit formula – 32 ounces per day

Limit milk less than 24 ounces per day

Iron fortified formula/cereal

Iron supplements

Question 11

administering Iron care

Answer 11

Absorbed best in acidic environment
use straw
Rinse mouth after
Increase fluids and fiber

Question 12

what should be avoided when administering Iron

Answer 12

Antacids
Coffee, tea
Dairy, eggs
Whole grains

One hour pre-/2 hours postmeal

Question 13

Can an overdose of iron be lethal

Answer 13

Yes

Question 14

aplastic anemia

Answer 14

pancytopenia- Low RBC, WBC, platelet

Red to yellow fatty bone marrow

Question 15

sickle cell anemia

Answer 15

Deformed RBC

Mutations of B globulin gene

sixth amino from glutamic acid to Valine

Hemoglobin S prone to polymerization

cells become more fragile in rapidly destroyed

Question 16

how often should sickle cell anemia patients get routine Head scans

Answer 16

Every six months to a year

Question 17

what mimics pneumonia in sickle cell disease?

Answer 17

Acute chest syndrome

Question 18

Vaso-occlusive thrombotic events

Answer 18

stasis of blood with clumping
Very painful

Not a blood clot

Question 19

splenic Sequestration

Answer 19

Blood pools in spleen
Life-threatening

Question 20

treatment for acute painful episodes

Answer 20

1 hydration

Chronic pain – around the clock doses
Transcranial Doppler
Splenectomy

Question 21

thalassemia

Answer 21

Decreased hemoglobin synthesis
Leads to chronic hypoxia

Question 22

what type of thalassemia requires frequent transfusions

Answer 22

Beta major, Cooley anemia

Question 23

sx Beta thalassemia

Answer 23

bronze skin
Enlarged forhead

Question 24

treatment for thalassemia

Answer 24

Transfusions
Iron chelating drugs

Question 25

Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura

Answer 25

sudden bruising, Purpura, petechiae epistaxis Less than 20,000 platelets Prolonged bleeding

Question 26

Treatment for ITP

Answer 26

Anti-d antibody steroids Splenectomy IV. I G.

Question 27

Nursing care for ITP

Answer 27

avoid unnecessary procedures, needle sticks, rectal temps, suppositories Apply pressure for 5 minutes with Venipuncture Electric razor Kneepads for crawlers

Question 28

are platelets affected with hemophilia

Answer 28

No

Question 29

trademark sign of hemophilia

Answer 29

Excessive bleeding Prolonged PTT Hemorrhage from trauma Lack of clotting factors

Question 30

nursing care for hemophilia

Answer 30

Protective equipment Avoid aspirin Avoid contact sports RICE Electric razors Soft toothbrush Pressure for 15 minutes