Histological Techniques Flashcards

1
Q

Light Microscope

A

You can see some structure in the cell. Resolution is not as strong as TEM. Basement membrane is visible.

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2
Q

Resolution

A

Measure of ability to resolve specimen. Better resolution = more detail we can resolve

(wavelength of source) x 0.61 / numerical aperture

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3
Q

3 types of microscope

A

Light Microscope, Transmission Electron Microscope, Scanning Electron Microscope

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4
Q

Scanning Electron Microscope

A

Focus on surface topography

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5
Q

Transmission Electron Microscope

A

Best resolution microscope that can see inside organelle structures. Basal lamina is only visible at TEM level. Magnets focus a beam of electrons onto a slide

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6
Q

Hematoxylin and Eosin Stain (H&E)

A

Stains the nucleus and cytoplasm respectively

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7
Q

Periodic Acid Schiff (PAS stain)

A

Stains sugar residues (glycogen, glycoproteins)

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8
Q

Aldehyde Fuchsin

A

Stains elastic fibers and b-cells of the pancreatic islets.

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9
Q

Orecin stain

A

Stains collagen fibers and is a cytoplasmic counterstain

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10
Q

Silver stain

A

Stains the Golgi and reticular fibers

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11
Q

Osmium tetroxide

A

volatile and useful for staining membranes

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12
Q

Epon

A

substance that is used for harding of the structures

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13
Q

Fixation

A

Technique used to preserve tissue structure. Formalin (formaldehyde) is used to cross link proteins and other substances.

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14
Q

Freeze fracturing

A

Used for looking at the structure in the plasma membrane

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15
Q

P face

A

Protoplasmic face, internal face that makes contact with cytoplasm. Gives a look at the proteins that are imbedded in the lipid bilayers of the membranes.

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16
Q

E face

A

external face, touching the exterior

17
Q

Sputter coating unit

A

A mist of gold is sprayed in order to view a slide with a SEM. It is scattered on the surface of the structure to bounce the light. Gold was found to be the best compound because of its uniformity and it can be a good mist.

18
Q

Dehydration

A

Technique used to remove water so specimen can be embedded in paraffin/plastic. Ethanol is commonly used.

19
Q

Embedding

A

Provides support for subsequent sectioning of the sample (paraffin or plastic)

20
Q

Brightfield Microscopy

A

The most common form of LM. Light shines through the specimen that is stained different colors.