Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Histology > Gastrointestinal Tract > Flashcards

Gastrointestinal Tract Flashcards

1
Q

Mucosa of esophagus

A

Stratified squamous non-keratinized epithelium –> muscularis mucosa (smooth muscle) –> esophageal glands in sub-mucosa –> circular smooth muscle –> longitudinal smooth muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Muscularis externa of esophagus

A

Circular skeletal muscle (distal) –> skeletal and smooth muscle (middle) –> longitudinal smooth muscle (distal)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Esophago-gastric junction

A

This is where the lining of the mucosa changes from stratified squamous to simple columnar epithelium. Contains some goblet cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Cardiac stomach

A

Shallow gastric pits and cardiac glands. Lined by mucous columnar cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Fundus and body stomach

A

Gastric pits and gastric glands. The glands are branched tubular.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Rugae

A

Large mucosa and submucosa folds in the stomach

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Pyloric stomach

A

End of the stomach that contains deep gastric pits and short pyloric glands which are coiled tubular branched. Represents the transition from stomach to duodenum. Secretes mostly mucous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Surface mucous cells

A

Stomach. Secretes protective mucous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Mucous neck cells

A

Stomach. Secretes mucous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Parietal cells

A

Stomach. Light stained, eosinophilic, and secrete HCl and intrinsic factor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Chief cells

A

Stomach. Dark stained, basophilic, secrete pepsinogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

G cells

A

Secrete gastrin, hormonal function

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Enteroendocrine cells (stomach)

A

Secrete serotonin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Active parietal cells

A

Contain microvilli that have filled up the intracellular canaliculi, and Golgi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Resting parietal cells

A

Contain tubulovesicles and empty intracellular canaliculi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Gastro-duodenal junction

A

Transition from the stomach to the intestine. There is a change in mucosa from gastric pits to intestinal villi. Smooth muscle of the pyloric sphincter can be seen

17
Q

Enterocyte

A

Mature absorptive cell of the GI tract. Contains a terminal web

18
Q

Goblet cells

A

Protective cell that secretes mucous for lubrication. Located in the upper gland of small intestine

19
Q

Enteroendocrine cells (small intestine)

A

Located in the lower gland of crypts

20
Q

Paneth cells

A

Located in base of glands in the small intestine. Innate immunity. Eosinophilic cells with dark granules.

21
Q

Regions of the small intestine

A

Duodenum –> jejunem –> ileum

22
Q

Duodenum

A

Villi on the surface, intestinal glands (short crypts of Lieberkuhn), and Brunner’s glands. Can contain the plicae circularis

23
Q

Jejunem

A

Contains surface villi and crypts of Lieberkuhn. Also contains the plicae circularis

24
Q

Ileum

A

Contains surface villi, crypts of Lieberkuhn and Peyer’s patches. Location where most bile salts are reabsorbed back into the portal circulation.

25
Q

Micovillus of small intestine

A

Increases surface area and stores digestive enzymes

26
Q

Peyer’s patches

A

Located in the ileum. Lymphatic nodules that increase the area where absorption can occur.

27
Q

Structure of large intestine

A

Cecum -> ascending column -> transverse column -> descending column -> sigmoid column -> rectum

28
Q

Appendix

A

Location for an accumulation of debris that is cleaned out by the lymphatic system, attached to the cecum. Contains dense lymphatic nodules

29
Q

Teniae coli

A

3 longitudinal bands of smooth muscle in the muscularis externa of large intestine. Forms the distinct bumps of the colon

30
Q

Recto-anal junction

A

Change from simple columnar in the rectum to stratified squamous in the anus. There are abundant goblet cells in the rectum.

31
Q

Peristaltic movement

A

Downward movement of material. More prevalent in the intestines than the esophagus

32
Q

Intestinal villi

A

Contain blood vessels, lacteal, lamina propria, enterocytes and actin. Absorption

33
Q

Intestinal crypts

A

Contain paneth cells, enteroendocrine cells, goblet cells, smooth muscle, and lymphocytes. Secretion

34
Q

Absorptive cell

A

Absorb and process digestion products of small intestine. Microvillus brush border and numerous cytoplasmic organelles.

35
Q

Auerbach’s plexus

A

located in the muscularis externa in the small intestine. Also called the myenteric plexus

36
Q

Myenteric plexus

A

Major nerve supply to the GI tract. Controls muscle contraction

37
Q

Brunner’s glands

A

Branched tubular glands of the submucosa of duodenum

38
Q

Plicae circularis

A

Extension of the submucosa that gives characteristic folds. Most prevalent in the jejunum but can be found in the duodenum too.

39
Q

Colon

A

Responsible for water absorption of feces

Histology (26 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions